Abstract: A sampling valve comprises two fixed elements, and a movable element held between these fixed elements, in which a flow-in passage (Q) is provided at one fixed element so as to communicate with at least one of the metering passages (P1) , . . . . Plural flow-out passages (R1), (R2), . . . are provided at the other or one fixed element so as to communicate with different metering passages individually. Relay passages (S1), . . . are also provided at the one or other fixed element so as to mutually connect the metering passages (P1), (P2), . . . in specified combinations. In such a construction, plural sampling routes are formed in the sampling valve. In the sampling valve for aspirating and pushing liquid specimens such as blood in cylindrical shape and removing it quantitatively, only the portion necessary for measurement may be selected and sampled.

Abstract: The apparatus for regulating liquid specimen temperature is used to maintain the liquid temperature of a sample constant in order to maintain a specific reaction state of the sample in an apparatus for analyzing samples, such as a blood analyzing apparatus. In this apparatus, a main body is included which is made of ceramics comprised mainly of silicon carbide high in thermal efficiency and excellent in chemical resistance. A liquid inlet is disposed at one end of a passage passing through the main body, which is used for heating. Preferably, the liquid inlet is opened toward the passage inner wall, and a liquid separating member for moving the liquid as it flows into the passage is disposed in the passage. When the liquid separating member is installed in the passage, the incoming liquid, not controlled in temperature, and the liquid leaving the passage already controlled in temperature may be separated, so that liquid control precision may be enhanced.

Abstract: The particle counting apparatus is intended to count the number of particles such as blood corpuscles, by passing through a minute aperture, and detecting the particles electrically. In this particle counting apparatus, the liquid specimen is passed into the minute aperture at a specific flow rate by means of a liquid specimen discharge device, and the particles are counted preliminarily, and the dilution proportion of the liquid specimen is determined when the value of this preceding counting is over a specific value. According to this dilution proportion, the liquid specimen discharge device and diluent discharge device discharge so that the flow rates may be as specified, and the mixture is passed through the minute aperture for main counting. In this way, if there are many particles, simultaneous passes do not occur in the detecting region.

Abstract: In blood examinations, first basic items such as the number of red blood cells, the number of white blood cells and the volume of hemoglobins are measured (primary examination), then, on the basis of the results thereof, further specific additional items are measured such as leukocyte classification and measurement of reticulocytes (secondary examination). In this case, the basic items are measured by the basic analyzing module and the results of the measurement are analyzed to judge whether additional items are necessary or not, and only specimens requiring additional items are measured in the additional analyzing module. The additional analyzing module is provided with a temporary sump for temporarily retaining the measuring solution from the measuring solution preparing device. Thus, the blood examination may be done efficiently.

Abstract: A method for diluting and mixing specimen such as blood and a reagent, which is designed to prepare a mixed solution of a specimen and a reagent at a specific ratio by discharging the reagent in a passage for quantitative determination in a sampling valve by a specified amount of the reagent. The method is such that specimen is discharged by reagent first at a low speed and thereafter at a usual speed by a reagent discharge device. The reagent discharge device may comprise a syringe, a pump having a thin film for forming air and liquid chambers, or the like. As constructed, the specimen is not damaged due to fluid pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus for diluting and mixing specimen such as blood and a reagent, which is designed to prepare a mixed solution of a specimen and a reagent at a specific ratio by discharging the reagent in a passage for quantitative determination in a sampling valve by a specified amount of the reagent. The apparatus is designed so that specimen is discharged by reagent first at a low speed and thereafter at a usual speed by a reagent discharge device. The reagent discharge device may comprise a syringe, a pump having a thin film for forming air and liquid chambers, or the like. As constructed, the apparatus is not damaged due to fluid pressure.