Abstract: The present invention provides a cement slurry composition, containing a hydraulic cement material, (A) a first water-soluble low molecular weight compound and (B) a second water-soluble low molecular weight compound differing from the compound (A), wherein a combination of the compounds (A) and (B) is (I) the compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and the compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds; or (II) the compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and the compound (B) selected from brominated compounds, and in the compound (A), a ratio of compounds having a hydrocarbon group of 18 or more carbon atoms is not less than 45% by weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid rheology modifier containing compounds (A) and (B) selected from combination (1) of compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds and combination (2) of compound (A) from cationic surfactants and compound (B) selected from brominated compounds; and dicarboxylic acid (C).

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement slurry composition, containing a hydraulic cement material, (A) a first water-soluble low molecular weight compound and (B) a second water-soluble low molecular weight compound differing from the compound (A), wherein a combination of the compounds (A) and (B) is (I) the compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and the compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds; or (II) the compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and the compound (B) selected from brominated compounds, and in the compound (A), a ratio of compounds having a hydrocarbon group of 18 or more carbon atoms is not less than 45% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is a powdery rheology modifier containing an anionic aromatic compound, a cationic surfactant, and an inorganic powder having a specific surface area of 5000 cm2/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention provides production of a powder containing the cationic surfactant (b) by mixing an anionic aromatic compound (a), a cationic surfactant (b) and water to obtain a viscous material and feeding the viscous material heated at the specific temperature to the drying step.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid rheology modifier containing compounds (A) and (B) selected from combination (1) of compound (A) selected from cationic surfactants and compound (B) selected from anionic aromatic compounds and combination (2) of compound (A) from cationic surfactants and compound (B) selected from brominated compounds; and dicarboxylic acid (C).

Abstract: Disclosed is a powdery rheology modifier containing an anionic aromatic compound, a cationic surfactant, and an inorganic powder having a specific surface area of 5000 cm2/g or more.

Abstract: A demodulator in a receiver has a multiple symbol differential phase detector which calculates phase differences between a received signal and received signals of 1, 2, . . . , N (Where N is an integer greater than 2) before so as to output the calculated results as N symbol differential phase detected signals. Further, a soft decision sequence estimating unit in this demodulator estimates a transmitted differential phase sequence according to the 1, 2, . . . , N symbol differential phase detected signals using a trellis diagram representing transitions of differential phase states of a transmitted signal and Viterbi algorithm and estimates soft decision demodulated data according to estimated transmitted differential phase sequence and the survival path metrics that transit into each state on the trellis diagram.

Abstract: A spread spectrum transmitter provides delays having different magnitudes to spread spectrum (SS) signals for a plurality of channels, and multiplexes the SS signals to generate transmission multiplex SS signal. A spread spectrum receiver calculates a partial correlation value between the transmission multiplex SS signal and spreading codes multiplied to the SS signals, multiplies the partial correlation values by a prescribed matrix prepared based on each orthogonal code sequence to calculate a plurality of orthogonal correlation values. The receiver identifies for a respective channel each parallel data sequence related in advance to an orthogonal code sequence whose orthogonal correlation value is a maximum, corrects delay differences of the parallel data sequences, and then performs sampling and parallel-serial conversion to obtain a serial demodulated data sequence.

Abstract: The demodulator of the invention includes a DSP. The DSP determines the distortion amount of the transmission channel based on known signals included in a radio receiving signal, and estimates the frequency of the direct wave based on the distortion amount. Furthermore, the DSP rotates the phase of the distortion amount based on the phase amount corresponding to the estimated frequency of the direct wave. Next, the DSP estimates the center frequency of the Doppler spread based on the distortion amount after the phase is rotated. Furthermore, the DSP synthesizes the phase amount corresponding to the estimated center frequency of the Doppler spread and the phase amount corresponding to the frequency of the direct wave to estimate the last frequency offset. Thereafter, the DSP eliminates frequency offset of the radio receiving signal based on the estimated frequency offset. Thereby, a sufficient frequency offset compensating range can be secured, and excellent BER characteristics can be realized.

Abstract: A spread spectrum transmission apparatus includes, a chip clock generation section which outputs a chip clock in one frame formed of M+L?1 chips, a frame clock generation section which outputs a frame clock synchronized to frame occurrence timing, SS-PPM signal generation sections each of which inserts a pseudonoise code sequence corresponding to one period from some of M chips located at a head of a frame based on K-bit transmission data and generates an SS-PPM signal, delay sections which respectively delay N SS-PPM signals respectively by determined delay quantities, and a multiplexing section which adds up all of outputs respectively of the delay units and generates a multiplexed SS-PPM signal.

Abstract: A base band signal is sampled, based on an asynchronous sampling clocking, to output two sampled data series. A transmission side complex symbol frequency generator generates a complex transmission symbol frequency component combining an envelope value and an amplitude change amount value, which are each calculated from the two sampled data series. The transmission side complex symbol frequency component is provided to a correlation value calculator that outputs a correlation data series correlated to the complex symbol frequency and the symbol frequency generated by a cosine wave generator. The correlation data series is converted a timing error by an inverse tangent calculator. By the above configuration, a timing reproducing unit, which includes the above components, determines the timing error at a sampling speed of twice the symbol rate.

Abstract: There are provided a spread code generating section generates a spread code list from the input parallel information, spread modulating sections generate a plurality of parallel spectrum spread signals corresponding to the parallel information list by multiplying each of the parallel information list and the spread code list respectively, phase shifting sections shift the phase of the parallel spectrum spread signals, delay sections delay the parallel spectrum spread signals. A multiplexing section generates a multiplexed spectrum spread signal by adding the delayed parallel spectrum spread signals. The multiplexed spectrum spread signal are converted into a radio frequency signal, amplified and then transmitted.

Abstract: In-phase and orthogonal components of a base band signal having a preamble symbol are squared to obtain squared in-phase orthogonal components. Amount of correlation is obtained between the squared in-phase component and a ½ symbol frequency component output from a VCO or an oscillator, and amount of correlation is obtained between the squared orthogonal component and the ½ symbol frequency component. Finally, a phase control signal for carrying out a phase control is generated by using the obtained amount of correlations.

Abstract: A timing recovery device and demodulator. An adding device adds together an in-phase component and a quadrature component of a base band signal. A subtracting device subtracts the in-phase component and the quadrature component of the base band signal from each other. Then, the correlation between the added signal and a ½ symbol frequency component generated at the receiver side and the correlation between the subtracted value and the ½ symbol frequency component are calculated. A vector selector compares the added value correlation signal and the subtracted value correlation signal, and selects the larger one of the correlation signals. A timing phase difference calculator then calculates a timing phase difference, using the vector angle indicated by the selected correlation signal.

Abstract: A transmitting side periodically inserts a known signal consisting of successive NP symbols into an information signal consisting of (NF−NP) symbols and transmits the NF symbol signal. The receiving side receives the NF symbol signal, and automatically controls a frequency by estimating a frequency deviation from the incoming signal. More specifically, the receiving side outputs I and Q-channel analog baseband signals from the received incoming signal as well as from a sinusoidal signal outputted from an oscillator, and converts the analog baseband signals to the digital baseband signals. Then a phase difference for one symbol cycle is estimated from the digital baseband signals, integration processing is executed by iterative addition of the estimated values, and the frequency deviation is eliminated from the digital baseband signals using a result of the processing for integration.

Abstract: A typical Viterbi decoder having a coherent detection function suffers from degraded performance under certain fading-induced phase shift conditions when used in a time diversity system. This problem is resolved by providing a demodulator for demodulating a data sequence multiplexed by multiplexing a plurality of data sequences of a same content with a time difference inserted therebetween for a time diversity system, which comprises: a phase correction unit 40 for phase correcting the multiplexed data sequence; a diversity combiner for demultiplexing the multiplexed data sequence output from the phase correction unit into a plurality of data sequences, removing the time difference inserted between data sequences, and combining the data sequences; and a Viterbi decoding unit for Viterbi decoding the diversity combined signal from the diversity combiner.

Abstract: A spread spectrum transmitter provides delays having different magnitudes to spread spectrum (SS) signals for a plurality of channels, and multiplexes the SS signals to generate transmission multiplex SS signal. A spread spectrum receiver calculates a partial correlation value between the transmission multiplex SS signal and spreading codes multiplied to the SS signals, multiplies the partial correlation values by a prescribed matrix prepared based on each orthogonal code sequence to calculate a plurality of orthogonal correlation values. The receiver identifies for a respective channel each parallel data sequence related in advance to an orthogonal code sequence whose orthogonal correlation value is a maximum, corrects delay differences of the parallel data sequences, and then performs sampling and parallel-serial conversion to obtain a serial demodulated data sequence.

Abstract: In a DLL, in-phase correlation signal and orthogonal correlation signal are squared and adder to generate correlation power. Delays are provided so that the peaks of N number of divided correlation power portions to have coincided timing with each other. Composite correlation power is generated from the respective correlation power portions. A composite error signal of a sample clock is generated by subtracting the composite correlation power from the composite correlation power that has been delayed. A data clock is generated by frequency-dividing the sample clock based upon an acquisition pulse. A sample clock is finally generated based upon the composite error signal that has been latched and noise-removed therefrom in synchronized timing with the data clock that has been delayed.

Abstract: A spread spectrum transmission apparatus includes, a chip clock generation section which outputs a chip clock in one frame formed of M+L−1 chips, a frame clock generation section which outputs a frame clock synchronized to frame occurrence timing, SS-PPM signal generation sections each of which inserts a pseudonoise code sequence corresponding to one period from some of M chips located at a head of a frame based on K-bit transmission data and generates an SS-PPM signal, delay sections which respectively delay N SS-PPM signals respectively by determined delay quantities, and a multiplexing section which adds up all of outputs respectively of the delay units and generates a multiplexed SS-PPM signal.