Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display cell, a second polarizing plate, a switching cell, a first reflective polarizing plate, and a surface light source, which are arranged in this order. The apparatus further includes a control driving unit to switch the switching cell between a first and second state. In the first state, plane of polarization of polarized light emitted by the surface light source and transmitted through the first reflective polarizing plate and the switching cell is coincident with a transmissive axis of the second polarizing plate. In the second state, a plane of polarization of the polarized light input to the liquid crystal display cell from the side of the first polarizing plate and transmitted through the second polarizing plate and the switching cell is coincident with a reflective axis of the first reflective polarizing plate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel in which coordinate detection electrodes are formed on a first substrate and protruding contact portions are formed on a second substrate as a touch panel function includes a conversion circuit formed therein. The conversion circuit subjects information indicative of whether the protruding contact portions are in contact with the coordinate detection electrodes to parallel/serial conversion to output the converted information to the coordinate detection circuit.

Abstract: An indicated position detecting apparatus includes a display module having a display screen, and a plurality of microphones to detect a contact sound to the display screen. The plurality of microphones are arranged at an outer peripheral portion of the display screen to be apart from each other. A time difference acquisition unit acquires arrival time differences of the contact sound between two microphones in each of two combinations of the plurality of microphones. A positional information acquisition unit derives two hyperbolas corresponding to the arrival time differences acquired by the time difference acquisition unit, each hyperbola having focal points at the two microphones in each of the two combinations of the plurality of microphones, and acquires an intersection of the two derived hyperbolas as information of a position where the contact sound is generated.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates subjected to an aligning treatment in mutually parallel but opposite directions, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, a first electrode bent into a “<” shape, and a second electrode formed via an insulating film with the first electrode. The first electrode comprises one linear section and another linear section that extend in directions that intersect the alignment treatment direction at different angles, a bent section that is provided at each end where the one linear section and the other linear section adjacent to each other and that extends in a direction that intersects the alignment treatment direction at an angle that is greater than each of the intersecting angles of the one linear section and the other linear section and the alignment treatment direction with respect to the alignment treatment directions.

Abstract: A resistive film type touch panel includes first and second resistive films respectively provided on the inner surfaces of a pair of substrates on the touch side and the opposite side, protruding contacts which are provided on the first resistive film so as to protrude to a predetermined height, and come into contact with the second resistive film upon bending/deformation of the touch-side substrate by a touch to electrically connect the touch-side substrate to the second resistive film, insulating spacers which are arranged between the substrates except the positions of the protruding contacts, and define the space between the substrates to a height higher than that of protruding contacts, and a liquid or liquid crystal sealed in the space between the substrates. This arrangement reduces the bending/deformation amount of the touch-side substrate and the refraction of transmitted light at a portion bent/deformed by a touch on the touch-side substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes a pair of substrates, electrodes formed on the opposing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and a liquid crystal layer twisted in the gap between the pair of substrates at a predetermined twisted angle. A normal polarizing plate to exhibit a polarizing function for the whole visible light is arranged on the outer surface of an observation side substrate in the pair of substrates. A color polarizing plate to exhibit a polarizing function for visible light of a wavelength band other than a specific wavelength band is arranged on the outer surface of the opposite side substrate in the pair of substrates. A reflecting plate to reflect light entering from the observation side toward the observation side is arranged on a surface of the color polarizing plate that is opposite to the surface that opposes the opposite side substrate.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell assembly includes a first substrate member on which at least first electrodes are formed on each of cell regions which respectively correspond to liquid crystal cells and are arranged to be adjacent to each other, a second substrate member on which at least a second electrode opposing the first electrodes is formed on each cell region to correspond to each cell region of the first substrate member, and frame-like seal members which are arranged between the first substrate member and second substrate member, include common sides each formed by continuously connecting at least two adjacent side, are formed into frames that respectively define the cell regions, and bond the first and second substrate members.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display apparatus includes forming at least one assembly for forming a plurality of finished liquid crystal display apparatuses, by opposing two glass substrates to have a space therebetween and sealing a periphery of the space between the two glass substrates by an outer peripheral seal member. Outer surfaces of the two glass substrates are etched by soaking the assembly in an etching solution within an etching bath while maintaining a temperature and a concentration of the etching solution within the etching bath at a substantially constant temperature and at a substantially constant concentration. The etched outer surfaces of the glass substrates are flattened by polishing the outer surfaces of the glass substrates.

Abstract: An LCD apparatus includes an LCD panel having a color filter for a plurality of color components and having a plurality of pixels each associated with one of the color components of the color filter, and a side lighting-type backlight unit disposed under the LCD panel. The backlight unit includes a light guide and a light source disposed at least at one lateral end of the light guide, and further includes a reflecting layer on a side opposite to a side facing the LCD panel to reflect light coming towards the reflecting layer from the light guide. The color filter is configured to compensate a change in color spectrum in the ambient light that has passed through the LCD panel and the light guide and that has been reflected by the reflecting layer back to the light guide and the LCD panel so that the color temperature of white display of the LCD panel by the ambient light remains substantially the same as the color temperature of the original ambient light.

Abstract: An LCD apparatus includes an LCD panel having a color filter for a plurality of color components and having a plurality of pixels each associated with one of the color components of the color filter, and a side lighting-type backlight unit disposed under the LCD panel. The backlight unit includes a light guide and a light source disposed at least at one lateral end of the light guide, and further includes a reflecting layer on a side opposite to a side facing the LCD panel to reflect light coming towards the reflecting layer from the light guide. The color filter is configured to compensate a change in color spectrum in the ambient light that has passed through the LCD panel and the light guide and that has been reflected by the reflecting layer back to the light guide and the LCD panel so that the color temperature of white display of the LCD panel by the ambient light remains substantially the same as the color temperature of the original ambient light.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display apparatus includes a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display cell, a second polarizing plate, a switching cell, a first reflective polarizing plate, and a surface light source, which are arranged in this order. The apparatus further includes a control driving unit to switch the switching cell between a first and second state. In the first state, plane of polarization of polarized light emitted by the surface light source and transmitted through the first reflective polarizing plate and the switching cell is coincident with a transmissive axis of the second polarizing plate. In the second state, a plane of polarization of the polarized light input to the liquid crystal display cell from the side of the first polarizing plate and transmitted through the second polarizing plate and the switching cell is coincident with a reflective axis of the first reflective polarizing plate.

Abstract: An LCD apparatus includes an LCD panel having a color filter for a plurality of color components and having a plurality of pixels each associated with one of the color components of the color filter, and a side lighting-type backlight unit disposed under the LCD panel. The backlight unit includes a light guide and a light source disposed at least at one lateral end of the light guide, and further includes a reflecting layer on a side opposite to a side facing the LCD panel to reflect light coming towards the reflecting layer from the light guide. The color filter is configured to compensate a change in color spectrum in the ambient light that has passed through the LCD panel and the light guide and that has been reflected by the reflecting layer back to the light guide and the LCD panel so that the color temperature of white display of the LCD panel by the ambient light remains substantially the same as the color temperature of the original ambient light.

Abstract: An indicated position detecting apparatus includes a display module having a display screen, and a plurality of microphones to detect a contact sound to the display screen. The plurality of microphones are arranged at an outer peripheral portion of the display screen to be apart from each other. A time difference acquisition unit acquires arrival time differences of the contact sound between two microphones in each of two combinations of the plurality of microphones. A positional information acquisition unit derives two hyperbolas corresponding to the arrival time differences acquired by the time difference acquisition unit, each hyperbola having focal points at the two microphones in each of the two combinations of the plurality of microphones, and acquires an intersection of the two derived hyperbolas as information of a position where the contact sound is generated.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel in which coordinate detection electrodes are formed on a first substrate and protruding contact portions are formed on a second substrate as a touch panel function includes a conversion circuit formed therein. The conversion circuit subjects information indicative of whether the protruding contact portions are in contact with the coordinate detection electrodes to parallel/serial conversion to output the converted information to the coordinate detection circuit.

Abstract: An LCD apparatus includes an LCD panel having a color filter for a plurality of color components and having a plurality of pixels each associated with one of the color components of the color filter, and a side lighting-type backlight unit disposed under the LCD panel. The backlight unit includes a light guide and a light source disposed at least at one lateral end of the light guide, and further includes a reflecting layer on a side opposite to a side facing the LCD panel to reflect light coming towards the reflecting layer from the light guide. The color filter is configured to compensate a change in color spectrum in the ambient light that has passed through the LCD panel and the light guide and that has been reflected by the reflecting layer back to the light guide and the LCD panel so that the color temperature of white display of the LCD panel by the ambient light remains substantially the same as the color temperature of the original ambient light.

Abstract: In front of a liquid crystal display element, a surface light source is arranged which emits a light toward the liquid crystal display element and lets lights coming from its front and its back permeate therethrough. The liquid crystal display element has reflection/permeation means which is provided behind a liquid crystal cell and a liquid crystal layer, and which reflects a part of a light that comes to each of a plurality of pixels from the front of the liquid crystal cell, and lets the other part of the light permeate the reflection/permeation means.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell manufacturing method includes preparing a pair of glass substrates each including an area configured to form a plurality of finished liquid crystal display apparatuses thereon, while a plurality of seal members and a plurality of pillars each including ends that respectively abut against the pair of glass substrates are interposed between the pair of glass substrates, adhering the pair of glass substrates to form a liquid crystal display apparatus forming assembly, and while the liquid crystal display apparatus forming assembly is formed, forming a plurality of scribe lines that intersect each other on surfaces of the pair of glass substrates that are opposite to surfaces of the pair of glass substrates that oppose each other. At least a part of each of the pillars is arranged to overlap at least one of regions, between the pair of glass substrates, corresponding to the plurality of scribe lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal cell manufacturing method includes preparing a pair of glass substrates each including an area configured to form a plurality of finished liquid crystal display apparatuses thereon, while a plurality of seal members and a plurality of pillars each including ends that respectively abut against the pair of glass substrates are interposed between the pair of glass substrates, adhering the pair of glass substrates to form a liquid crystal display apparatus forming assembly, and while the liquid crystal display apparatus forming assembly is formed, forming a plurality of scribe lines that intersect each other on surfaces of the pair of glass substrates that are opposite to surfaces of the pair of glass substrates that oppose each other. At least a part of each of the pillars is arranged to overlap at least one of regions, between the pair of glass substrates, corresponding to the plurality of scribe lines.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprises a pair of substrates subjected to an aligning treatment in mutually parallel but opposite directions, a liquid crystal layer interposed between the pair of substrates, a first electrode bent into a “<” shape, and a second electrode formed via an insulating film with the first electrode. The first electrode comprises one linear section and another linear section that extend in directions that intersect the alignment treatment direction at different angles, a bent section that is provided at each end where the one linear section and the other linear section adjacent to each other and that extends in a direction that intersects the alignment treatment direction at an angle that is greater than each of the intersecting angles of the one linear section and the other linear section and the alignment treatment direction with respect to the alignment treatment directions.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a liquid crystal element that has a liquid crystal layer sealed in a space between a first substrate and a second substrate arranged face to face, a protective plate that is disposed so that the first substrate intervenes between the protective plate and the second substrate, a first polarizing plate that is disposed between the protective plate and the first substrate to be in close contact with the protective plate, and a first quarter-wavelength retardation plate that is disposed between the first substrate and the first polarizing plate to be in close contact with the first polarizing plate. The protective plate is greater in area than the first substrate. The first polarizing plate has an absorption axis and the first quarter-wavelength retardation plate has a slow axis in a direction intersecting with the absorption axis of the first polarizing plate at an angle of 45°.