Abstract: An image display appratus is manufactured by processing a panel member through a plurality of chambers including ones for a bake processing and a getter processing. The getter processng is performed at a temperature lower than a temperature of the panel member subjected to the bake processing, to prevent degrading of a getter film.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing an image display apparatus, a first member having an electron-emitting device and a second member having a phosphor which is irradiated with an electron emitted from the electron-emitting device to emit light are seal-bonded in a seal bonding chamber in which a vacuum atmosphere is realized. An aging step for the electron-emitting device is performed before the step of seal-bonding.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of manufacturing an image display device in which a panel member constituting a panel of an image display device is transferred to a plurality of processing chambers each comprising a temperature control unit, and subjected to a plurality of processing steps under temperature control. The temperature of the panel member in each of the processing chambers is set to be not more than the set A temperature of the panel member in the previous processing chamber by the temperature control unit.

Abstract: An image display appratus is manufactured by processing a panel member through a plurality of chambers including ones for a bake processing and a getter processing. The getter processng is performed at a temperature lower than a temperature of the panel member subjected to the bake processing, to prevent degrading of a getter film.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus of manufacturing an image displaying apparatus comprising an electron source substrate and a phosphor substrate. The electron source substrate is provided with an electron emitting element formed by covering with a container and by applying a voltage to an electronic conductor on the substrate. While, the phosphor substrate is provided with a phosphor thereon. The substrates are subjected to a getter processing and to a seal bonding process under a vacuum condition through a processing chamber, to complete an image forming apparatus. An improvement resides in miniaturizing and simplifying operation, and in greater manufacture speed and mass production.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing an image displaying apparatus having a display panel are provided. A first substrate of the display panel on which phosphor exciting means is disposed and a second substrate of the display panel on which phosphors emitting light by the phosphor exciting means is provide are prepared under the vacuum atmosphere. Then, the first and the second substrates are carried in a getter processing chamber or bake processing chamber, and getter processing or bake processing is applied thereto under the vacuum atmosphere. After the processing, the first and the second substrates are carried in a seal processing chamber, where the substrates are heat sealed under the vacuum atmosphere. Thus, reduction of vacuum exhaust time and a high vacuum degree in manufacturing an image displaying apparatus is attained and efficiency of manufacturing is improved.

Abstract: A method of forming a display label for displaying predetermined information on a member on which display information is to be displayed which member is elastic or expandable/contractible, comprising the steps of laminating at least a protective layer which is made of an elastic material and an expandable/contractible material, a display layer for displaying display information which is formed by at least one of a picture pattern, a letter, a symbol, a photograph, a pattern and a bar code, and a base material layer which is made of an elastic material or an expandable/contractible material, in that order, applying, to a member on which display information is to be displayed, a display label which is formed by the laminating of the protective layer, the display layer and the base material layer, and in which a supporting member is laminated on a surface of the protective layer so as to be peelable off of the protective layer such that the base material layer faces a member on which display information is to be

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus comprises a back plate carrying thereon a plurality of electron-emitting devices, a face plate arranged vis-a-vis the back plate and carrying thereon a fluorescent member and an anti-atmospheric-pressure spacer. The longitudinal axis of the anti-atmospheric-pressure spacer is arranged substantially in parallel with the direction of deflection of electron beams emitted from said electron-emitting devices.

Abstract: An image-forming apparatus comprises a rear plate bearing thereon electron-emitting devices, a face plate bearing thereon an image-forming member and arranged vis-a-vis the rear plate, a support frame arranged between the rear plate and the face plate to enclose the periphery of the space delimited by the plates and define the distance therebetween and spacers arranged between the face plate and the rear plate and designed to produce images on the image-forming member by irradiating the image-forming member with electrons emitted from the electron-emitting devices. The spacers are shorter than the distance between the face plate and the rear plate defined by the support frame and the spacers are rigidly bonded at least at an end thereof to the rear plate or the face plate by means of an adhesive agent.

Abstract: An improvement on the information record/reproducing apparatus, utilizing a tunnel current generated in a flat information recording medium by a needle-shaped probe electrode positioned close to the recording medium. In order to prevent deterioration of the probe and the recording medium by the atmosphere, these components are hermetically sealed in a container, with or without the driving mechanism. The sealed structure is made detachable from the main apparatus, thus facilitating manufacture, replacement and maintenance.

Abstract: An information recording/reproducing method and apparatus is for carrying out at least one of recording and reproducing information through a probe electrode or through a plurality of probe electrodes on an information recording medium. A probe electrode is disposed on an elastic member. A relative position is so adjusted between the recording medium and the probe electrode that a repulsive force between them is comparative to an elastic force of the elastic member. In case of plural probe electrodes, they are displaced to keep an equal spacing between the recording medium and the respective probe electrodes so that they may have either a zero average or a minimized square sum of displacement. A spacer layer will do for setting a spacing between a probe electrode and the recording medium.

Abstract: An improvement on the information record/reproducing apparatus, utilizing a tunnel current generated in a flat information recording medium by a needle-shaped probe electrode positioned close to the recording medium. In order to prevent deterioration of the probe and the recording medium by the atmosphere, these components are hermetically sealed in a container, with or without the driving mechanism. The sealed structure is made detachable from the main apparatus, thus facilitating manufacture, replacement and maintenance.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for detecting the relative positional displacement between a mask and a wafer. The mask is provided with a cantilever. The position mark is provided on the wafer so as to face the cantilever. A relative positional displacement between the mask and the wafer is detected from a deformation amount of the cantilever based on a force acting between the position mark and the cantilever upon relative movement of the position mark and the cantilever.

Abstract: An apparatus for inputting and/or outputting information includes a plurality of probes arranged at positions respectively facing each of the plural blocks which carry information, a device for enabling the plurality of probes to respectively perform tracking independently, and a device for inputting information to and/or outputting information from the information carrier by the use of the aforesaid probes.

Abstract: An improvement on the information record/reproducing apparatus, utilizing a tunnel current generated in a flat information recording medium by a needle-shaped probe electrode positioned close to the recording medium. In order to prevent deterioration of the probe and the recording medium by the atmosphere, these components are hermetically sealed in a container, with or without the driving mechanism. The sealed structure is made detachable from the main apparatus, thus facilitating manufacture, replacement and maintenance.

Abstract: An information recording/reproducing method and apparatus is for carrying out at least one of recording and reproducing information through a probe electrode or through a plurality of probe electrodes on an information recording medium. A probe electrode is disposed on an elastic member. A relative position is so adjusted between the recording medium and the probe electrode that a repulsive force between them is comparative to an elastic force of the elastic member. In case of plural probe electrodes, they are displaced to keep an equal spacing between the recording medium and the respective probe electrodes so that they may have either a zero average or a minimized square sum of displacement. A spacer layer will do for setting a spacing between a probe electrode and the recording medium.

Abstract: Information detecting apparatus comprises a probe arranged to face an information medium so as to relatively move to the information medium with thereby detect information thereon, a first vibrating device for vibrating the probe relative to the information medium in a first direction parallel with the information medium, and a first movement detecting device for detecting a state of relative displacement of the probe for the information medium in the first direction on the basis of information obtained by the probe which is caused to vibrate by the first vibrating device.

Abstract: An information recording and reproducing apparatus is provided with a probe electrode supported by a probe plate and arranged to face a recording medium supported by a recording medium plate, drive elements for relatively moving the recording medium and the probe electrode, voltage application circuit for applying a voltage between the recording medium and the probe electrode and an electric wire take-out portion for taking out an electric wire provided on at least one of a plane of the probe plate opposite to the probe electrode and a plane of the recording medium plate opposite to the recording medium.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes first, second and third upper electrodes provided on a first substrate, and first, second and third lower electrodes provided on a second substrate opposed to the first, second and third upper electrodes, respectively. Also provided are first, second and third detectors for detecting a first capacitance between the first upper and lower electrodes, a second capacitance between the second upper and lower electrodes and a third capacitance between the third upper and lower electrodes.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of moving a probe for causing a physical phenomenon to occur between it and a predetermined object and moving the probe and the object relative to each other to make the probe approach the object. At least one of the probe and the object is driven in a predetermined direction to displace one of the probe and the object in the predetermined direction relative to the other. A physical phenomenon occurring between the probe and the object is detected. At least one of the probe and the object is driven so as to bring the probe and the object close to each other. The driving for the approach of the probe to the object is controlled on the basis of the result of the detection of the physical phenomenon during the driving in the predetermined direction. The specification also discloses an information detection and/or input apparatus using such apparatus and method.