Abstract: In a polymer electrolyte battery provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a polymer electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a solvent in said non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains vinylene carbonate in a concentration of 0.1 to 90 vol % so that the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contained in the polymer electrolyte is restrained from reacting with the positive electrode and negative electrode.

Abstract: A primary station equipment unit 51 transmits, to a secondary station equipment unit 52, a message transmission enable signal granting transmission of a PST message from the secondary station equipment unit 52, when a predetermined period of time defined for transmission elapses after the primary station equipment unit 51 transmitted a downstream PST message in a redundancy switching process corresponding to the secondary station equipment unit 52.

Abstract: According to an aspect of this invention, dynamic bandwidth assignment (DBA) can be performed without interrupting communication of a regular cell and interfering with communication between child stations. In a passive optical network including a parent station and a plurality of child stations, a maintenance signal for a mini slot signal is provided. Each of the child stations sends a corresponding maintenance signal if necessary, and the parent station controls state transition by using the maintenance signal concerning on the mini slot signal for each of the child stations. By controlling the state transition, the dynamic bandwidth assignment can be performed.

Abstract: Dynamic up-link bandwidth allocation is realized in a optical communication system in which a plurality of subscriber devices with mutually different device configurations are connected to a station unit, by configuring the station unit to consider device configurations of the subscriber devices in performing up-link bandwidth allocation.

Abstract: The opening to be sealed in a battery is sealed with an electrical insulating sealant S by placing an electrical insulating sealing material C, including a first sealing material A that is soften by heat applied for sealing and a second sealing material B that is more difficult to soften by the heat applied for sealing than the first sealing material A, and by heating and successively cooling the electrical insulating sealing material C. The second sealing material B is in the form of a mesh. Thus, a sealed battery with few defectives such as a sealing failure and a short-circuit can be manufactured in a high yield rate.

Abstract: A counter of a transmission permitting signal counts a number of the transmission permitting signal which was not sent to a subscriber-side apparatus due to the opening of ranging window. A band controller allocates a band to the transmission permitting signal which was not sent so that the transmission permitting signal which was not sent and counted by the counter of the transmission permitting signal is sent prior to other signals in a next sending opportunity (next time frame for updating the band).

Abstract: An optical distribution network system includes an optical line termination and a plurality of optical network units. The optical line termination monitors a system switching request transmitted from each of the optical network units, and controls the switching between the working side and the standby side system of the optical network unit. It can solve a problem of a conventional system in that if the working side an optical network unit fails, and when its standby side is normal, even if the standby side of the other optical network units has a failure, they are switched from the working side to the standby side, thereby worsening the total system operation.

Abstract: An optical distribution network system includes an OLT; a plurality of ONUs; a first optical network and a second optical network, one of which connects the OLT with the plurality of ONUs; and a bandwidth controller. The bandwidth controller apportions the plurality of ONUs between the first optical network and the second optical network, assigns a predetermined transmission bandwidth to each of the plurality of ONUs, and accepts a bandwidth change of the transmission bandwidth. It solves a problem of a conventional optical distribution network system in that the maximum bandwidth available by DBA (dynamic bandwidth assignment) is equal to the total transmission bandwidth of working side minus the sum total of the minimum cell rates of the ONUs, and hence it cannot secure a large usable bandwidth for DBA, when congestion of bandwidth increase takes place among the plurality of ONUs.

Abstract: In a lithium secondary battery of this invention, an active material of either a positive electrode or a negative electrode includes a composite sulfide having the same crystal structure as MoS2 or Mo2S3, or the composite sulfide including lithium, and the composite sulfide is represented by a composition formula, MXMo1−XSY, wherein M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ti, Y, Cd, In, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, W, Pt, Pb, Ca, Sr and Ba; 0<X<0.46; and 1.5≦Y≦2.0. Thus, the lithium secondary battery using a molybdenum composite sulfide as an active material of a positive or negative electrode can attain good charge-discharge cycle performance.

Abstract: The opening to be sealed in a battery is sealed with an electrical insulating sealant S by placing an electrical insulating sealing material C, including a first sealing material A that is soften by heat applied for sealing and a second sealing material B that is more difficult to soften by the heat applied for sealing than the first sealing material A, and by heating and successively cooling the electrical insulating sealing material C. Thus, a sealed battery with few defectives such as a sealing failure and a short-circuit can be manufactured in a high yield rate.

Abstract: The opening to be sealed in a battery is sealed with an electrical insulating sealant S by placing an electrical insulating sealing material C, including a first sealing material A that is soften by heat applied for sealing and a second sealing material B that is more difficult to soften by the heat applied for sealing than the first sealing material A, and by heating and successively cooling the electrical insulating sealing material C. Thus, a sealed battery with few defectives such as a sealing failure and a short-circuit can be manufactured in a high yield rate.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery comprising a nonaqueous electrolyte obtained by dissolving an electrolytic salt in a solvent, a negative electrode comprising a negative electrode material and a positive electrode comprising a positive electrode active material, the electrolytic salt comprising: at least one electrolytic salt A selected from the group consisting of LiPF.sub.6, LiAsF.sub.6, LiSbF.sub.6, LiBF.sub.4, LiBiF.sub.4, LiAlF.sub.4, LiGaF.sub.4, LiInF.sub.4 and LiClO.sub.4, and at least one electrolytic salt B selected from the group consisting of LiN(C.sub.n F.sub.2n+1 SO.sub.2).sub.2 wherein n is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4 and LiC(C.sub.m F.sub.2m+1 SO.sub.2).sub.3 wherein m is an integer of 1, 2, 3 or 4. The battery is superior in the aspects of storage characteristic in a charged condition.

Abstract: A hydrogen absorbing alloy electrode contains an alloy which comprises particles A of a first hydrogen absorbing alloy and particles B of a second hydrogen absorbing alloy of a composition different from the composition of the first alloy joined to the particles A, with a joint layer C formed at the resulting joint interfaces and having a new composition containing the component elements of the first and second alloys. In a specific embodiment, particles A of a first hydrogen absorbing alloy having a CaCu.sub.5 -type structure are joined to particles B of a second hydrogen absorbing alloy having a Zr--Ni Laves-phase structure. In another embodiment, particles A of a first hydrogen absorbing alloy having a CaCu.sub.5 -type structure are joined to particles B of a second hydrogen absorbing alloy having a CaCu.sub.5 -type structure and different form the first alloy in composition.