Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] A cation exchange membrane that has sufficient mechanical strength and at the same time has high impurity resistance, suffers little cathode surface damage, and exhibits stable electrolytic characteristics is provided. [Solution] A cation exchange membrane comprising: a membrane body comprising a fluorine-containing polymer having an ion exchange group; and a reinforcement core material arranged inside the membrane body, wherein raised portions having a height of 20 ?m or more in cross-sectional view are formed on at least one surface of the membrane body, an arrangement density of the raised portions on the surface of the membrane body is 20 to 1500/cm2, a plurality of opening portions are formed on the surface of the membrane body, and a proportion of a total area of the opening portions to an area of the surface of the membrane body (opening area ratio) is in a range of 0.4 to 15%.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] A cation exchange membrane that has sufficient mechanical strength and at the same time has high impurity resistance, suffers little cathode surface damage, and exhibits stable electrolytic characteristics is provided. [Solution] A cation exchange membrane comprising: a membrane body comprising a fluorine-containing polymer having an ion exchange group; and a reinforcement core material arranged inside the membrane body, wherein raised portions having a height of 20 ?m or more in cross-sectional view are formed on at least one surface of the membrane body, an arrangement density of the raised portions on the surface of the membrane body is 20 to 1500/cm2, a plurality of opening portions are formed on the surface of the membrane body, and a proportion of a total area of the opening portions to an area of the surface of the membrane body (opening area ratio) is in a range of 0.4 to 15%.

Abstract: A cation-exchange membrane for electrolysis which comprises a fluoropolymer having ion-exchange groups and a porous base. It is characterized by having, on the anode-side surface of the membrane, protrusions comprising a polymer having ion-exchange groups. It is further characterized in that: when the average value of the heights of the tops of the protrusions from the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as h (?m), then 20?h?150; when the density of the protrusions distributed is expressed as P (protrusions per cm2), then 50?P?1,200; when the average proportion of the areas of those bottom parts of the protrusions which are on the same level as the anode-side surface of the membrane to the area of the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as S (cm2/cm2), then 0.001?S?0.6; and when the average proportion of the areas of the top parts of the protrusions to the area of the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as T (cm2/cm2), then T?0.05.

Abstract: A cation-exchange membrane for electrolysis which comprises a fluoropolymer having ion-exchange groups and a porous base. It is characterized by having, on the anode-side surface of the membrane, protrusions comprising a polymer having ion-exchange groups. It is further characterized in that: when the average value of the heights of the tops of the protrusions from the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as h (?m), then 20?h?150; when the density of the protrusions distributed is expressed as P (protrusions per cm2), then 50?P?1,200; when the average proportion of the areas of those bottom parts of the protrusions which are on the same level as the anode-side surface of the membrane to the area of the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as S (cm2/cm2), then 0.001?S?0.6; and when the average proportion of the areas of the top parts of the protrusions to the area of the anode-side surface of the membrane is expressed as T (cm2/cm2), then T?0.05.

Abstract: A cation exchange membrane wherein a plain weave reinforced cloth is embedded in a fluorinated polymer having a sulfonic acid group and/or a carboxylic acid group, characterized by possessing therein a tubular path which is formed in a direction of a warp and a weft of the plain weave reinforced cloth and has a cross section flat to a direction of thickness of the membrane.

Abstract: A cation exchange membrane wherein a plain weave reinforced cloth is embedded in a fluorinated polymer having a sulfonic acid group and/or a carboxylic acid group, characterized by possessing therein a tubular path which is formed in a direction of a warp and a weft of the plain weave reinforced cloth and has a cross section flat to a direction of thickness of the membrane.

Abstract: This invention relates to the magnetic recording medium, its manufacturing method and the magnetic disk apparatus, in which the ferromagnetic thin film is formed on the substrate board, and the protective layer is provided on that. A Magnetic recording medium of the has at least one layer of the protective layer on the magnetic surface, which is characterized in that the surface of the protective layer is provided with the high noncontinuous large resistance layer, and the density of the surface of the protective layer is higher than other regions other than the said surface.The magnetic recording medium has the surface of the protective layer which contains at least one kind or more of the element of the inert gas element, the halogen element and hydrogen.Therefore, when making a lower flying height of the magnetic head is achieved, the slide durability over the long term is improved, particularly, the slide durability of the magnetic disk apparatus using the MR head can be improved.

Abstract: An information searching apparatus for managing and retrieving document data stored in a storage unit. The storage unit further comprises a managing information storage section for storing document managing information for managing the document data stored. The apparatus sets the document managing information in the managing information storage section in accordance with a type of data managing system and retrieves the stored document data on the basis of the document managing information set in the managing information storage section. Further, the apparatus has a function to change the type of data managing system to a different type of data managing system so that the document data stored are managed and retrieved in accordance with the data managing system changed. The apparatus can effectively manage data such that the document data is managed in accordance with a type of data managing system suitable for a kind of document and a work purpose.

Abstract: A drawing processing apparatus holds blocks and character strings as drawing objects and introduces three concepts, that is, a writable region for characters, a writable region for additional characters and a character frame within a block. The apparatus has the functions of automatic line feed within a character frame, layout of a character frame in a writable region for additional characters, addition of a character string at an arbitrary position and size adjustment between a character frame and a block.

Abstract: An apparatus for achieving a long-term organism signal measurement, for example, an ECG waveform measurement includes measuring means (1) and input means (2) for setting and inputting organism signal analysis data in the measuring means (1). By supplying via the input means (2) organism signal analysis data unique to an organism to be measured into the measuring means (1), there is conducted a learning operation of the characteristics of the organism signals of the subject. Thereafter, the measurement and analysis of the organism signals are achieved for a long period of time by use of the measuring means (1). The measurement is accomplished after the characteristics of the organism signals of the subject are learned, and hence the reliability is increased. In addition, the realtime measurement and analysis are conducted by the measuring means (1) so as to store only abnormal waveforms, which facilitates the judgement thereof to be conducted by a doctor.

Abstract: A period measurement system adapted to sample a biosignal at a predetermined sampling period, find an autocorrelation function for a variable .tau. from the sampled biosignal, and then find an autocorrelation function corresponding to the value of a phase difference variable obtained by changing the variable .tau. along a time axis. An autocorrelation function found in this manner is stored in memory and then compared with a subsequent-found autocorrelation function. The comparison operation is repeated for successive autocorrelation functions, thereby to find a peak of autocorrelation functions to measure the period of the biosignal.

Abstract: An autocorrelation function is computed for a value of a phase difference variable over a range determined by a set minimum period and a set maximum periods of one beat, corresponding to a maximum heart rate and a minimum heart rate, respectively. The maximum and minimum rates are estimated from a latest computed heart rate obtained from a preceding measurement of a heartbeat signal, by way of sampling the heartbeat signal at a predetermined sampling period and then using the data obtained from the sampling operation. The period of the heartbeat signal is computed from the computed autocorrelation function, and the sampling period is decided from the computed heartbeat signal period.