Abstract: A color measurement apparatus includes an opening portion that is formed in an opening portion forming member arranged in a bottom portion of the apparatus and causes light arriving from a measurement target to enter inside the apparatus, a light emission portion that emits light for measurement toward the measurement target, and a shutter unit that is configured to switch between a closed state in which the opening portion is covered, and an open state in which the opening portion is open, and that has a reflection reference surface at a position facing the opening portion in the closed state as a reference of reflectance, in which the shutter unit is disposed such that the shutter unit is configured to switch to, in addition to the closed state and the open state, an exposed state in which the reflection reference surface is exposed outside the apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a binuclear ruthenium complex dye having a higher absorption coefficient and capable of absorbing light of longer wavelength for realizing a photoelectric conversion element and a photochemical cell which may convert solar light into electricity over a wide wavelength range and exhibit high photoelectric conversion efficiency; and a binuclear ruthenium complex dye for realizing a photoelectric conversion element and a photochemical cell which may have high durability.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a binuclear ruthenium complex dye having a higher absorption coefficient and capable of absorbing light of longer wavelength for realizing a photoelectric conversion element and a photochemical cell which may convert solar light into electricity over a wide wavelength range and exhibit high photoelectric conversion efficiency; and a binuclear ruthenium complex dye for realizing a photoelectric conversion element and a photochemical cell which may have high durability.

Abstract: It is intended to provide novel polypeptides which specifically inhibit the activity of a mechano-sensitive channel; and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing these polypeptides or salts thereof. The above objects can be achieved by using polypeptides having amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 (TVP003), SEQ ID NO:2 (TVP004) and SEQ ID NO:3 (TVP005), salts of these polypeptides, and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing the same.

Abstract: It is intended to provide novel polypeptides which specifically inhibit the activity of a mechano-sensitive channel; and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing these polypeptides or salts thereof. The above objects can be achieved by using polypeptides having amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NO:1 (TVP003), SEQ ID NO:2 (TVP004) and SEQ ID NO:3 (TVP005), salts of these polypeptides, and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing the same.

Abstract: It is intended to provide novel polypeptides which specifically inhibit the activity of a mechano-sensitive channel; and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing these polypeptides or salts thereof. The above objects can be achieved by using polypeptides having amino acid sequences represented by SEQ ID NO:I (TVPOO3), SEQ ID NO:2 (TVPOO4) and SEQ ID NO:3 (TVPOO5), salts of these polypeptides, and mechano-sensitive channel inhibitors or remedies for atrial fibrillation containing the same.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing piperonal which comprises continuous three steps of: (A) an addition reaction step wherein 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene and glyoxylic acid are reacted to form 3,4-methylenedioxymandelic acid in the presence of a strong acid, (B) an extraction step wherein an organic solvent is then added to a reaction mixture and the mixture is neutralized with a base to extract 3,4-methylenedioxymandelic acid in an organic solvent layer, and separating the organic solvent layer and an aqueous layer, and (C) an oxidation reaction step wherein the aqueous layer is removed and the organic solvent layer is concentrated, and then, nitric acid is added to a concentrate, and the 3,4-methylenedioxymandelic acid and nitric acid are reacted to form piperonal.

Abstract: 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile useful as a starting compound for synthesis of medicines and agricultural chemicals is produced, with a high yield by chlorinating 3,4-methylenedioxybenzonitrile with sulfuryl chloride or a mixture of molecular chlorine with a chlorination-promoter including phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, sulfuryl chloride, thionyl chloride, and/or nitrosyl chloride, to prepare 2-chloro-benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carbonitrile, and hydrolyzing 2-chloro-benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carbonitrile by contacting it with water to produce 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a process for producing piperonal which comprises continuous three steps of:

Abstract: 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile useful as a starting compound for synthesis of medicines and agricultural chemicals is produced, with a high yield by chlorinating 3,4-methylenedioxybenzonitrile with sulfuryl chloride or a mixture of molecular chlorine with a chlorination-promoter including phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, sulfuryl chloride, thionyl chloride, and/or nitrosyl chloride, to prepare 2-chloro-benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carbonitrile, and hydrolyzing 2-chloro-benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carbonitrile by contacting it with water to produce 3,4-dihydroxybenzonitrile.

Abstract: A method of making a combination concrete panel wall, concrete window frame, and concrete sash glazing frame. The sill, lintel, and jambs of the window frame are fiber-reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length and cemented together. The hardened frame is placed in a concrete panel molding frame to locate and define a window opening. The concrete panel wall grout is then poured and dovetail-type mortise and tenon joints are precast in the exterior faces of the window frame which abut the poured concrete wall panel plastic grout, to permanently mold and interlock the window frame to the panel wall. The sash members are fitted about a window pane which is located in interior grooves in the sash members and then glazed. Sealing means interconnect the sash to the window frame to provide a condensation-resistant, water-tight, air-tight, heat and fire-resistant concrete wall closure.

Abstract: Protocatechualdehyde is prepared by the steps of reacting piperonyl dichloride with molecular chlorine in the presence of phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride or sulfuryl chloride to prepare dichloropiperonylidene dichloride and hydrolyzing the dichloropiperonylidene dichloride. The piperonyl dichloride can be prepared by the reaction of piperonal with thionyl chloride in the presence of dimethylformamide.

Abstract: A method of making a combination concrete panel wall, concrete window frame, and concrete sash glazing frame. The sill, lintel, and jambs of the window frame are fiber-reinforced concrete extrusions. The hardened frame is placed in a concrete panel molding frame to locate and define a window opening. The concrete panel wall grout is then poured and dovetail-type mortise and tenon joints are precast in the exterior faces of the window frame which abut the poured concrete wall panel plastic grout, to permanently mold and interlock the window frame to the panel wall. The sash members are fitted about a window pane which is located in interior grooves in the sash members and then glazed. Sealing means interconnects the sash to the window frame to provide a condensation-resistant, water-tight, air-tight, heat and fire-resistant concrete wall closure.

Abstract: A method of making a combination concrete panel wall, concrete window frame, and concrete sash glazing frame. The sill, lintel, and jambs of the window frame are fiber-reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length and cemented together. The hardened frame is placed in a concrete panel molding frame to locate and define a window opening. The concrete panel wall grout is then poured and dovetail-type mortise and tenon joints are precast in the exterior faces of the window frame which abut the poured concrete wall panel plastic grout, to permanently mold and interlock the window frame to the panel wall. The sash members are fitted about a window pane which is located in interior grooves in the sash members and then glazed. Sealing means interconnect the sash to the window frame to provide a condensation-resistant, water-tight, air-tight, heat and fire-resistant concrete wall closure.

Abstract: A combination concrete panel wall, concrete window frame, and concrete sash glazing frame. The sill, lintel, and jambs of the window frame are fiber-reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length and cemented together. The hardened frame is placed in a concrete panel molding frame to locate and define a window opening. The concrete panel wall grout is then poured and dovetail-type mortise and tenon joints are precast in the exterior faces of the window frame which abut the poured concrete wall panel plastic grout, to permanently mold and interlock the window frame to the panel wall. The sash members are also reinforced concrete extrusions which are cut to length, cemented together, and fitted about a window pane which is located in interior grooves in the sash members and then glazed. An elastoplastic seal interconnects the sash to the window frame to provide a condensation-resistant, water-tight, air-tight, heat and fire-resistant concrete wall closure.

Abstract: A furnace of decreasing oxygen concentration to ultra low amount is basically characterized by providing a furnace body divided into a plurality of zones, a device for supplying a non-oxidizing or a reducing atmospheric gas into each of the zones so as to increase the internal pressure, shutter devices provided at least at an inlet and an outlet of the furnace body for checking the flowing atmosphere, transferring devices installed at the inside of the furnace, at the interior and at the outside thereof respectively, and a control device for opening the shutter device before the work in a transferring direction, wherein the transferring device installed within the furnace supports the work at its both sides of the under surface and continuously send it while the upper surface of the work is exposed to the atmosphere in the furnace.