Abstract: The invention provides a highly alkali resistant colloidal silica while retaining an excellent cocoon-shape and excellent performance as abrasive particles, and a process for the manufacture thereof. It is a cocoon-shaped colloidal silica prepared by hydrolyzing and condensing an alkoxysilane condensate in the presence of an ammonia or ammonium salt catalyst. It is also a cocoon-shaped colloidal silica prepared by adding continuously an alkoxysilane condensate or its solution in an aqueous solvent to an aqueous solution of ammonia or an ammonium salt or to an aqueous solution containing ammonia or an ammonium salt and an aqueous solvent, thereby hydrolyzing the alkoxysilane; and further heating under pressure. The temperature to which the foregoing colloidal silica is heated under pressure is preferably 105 to 374.1 ° C.; and the alkoxysilane condensate preferably has an average degree of condensation of 2 to 8.

Abstract: An organic hydroxyl compound is reacted with a phosphorylating agent comprising phosphorus pentaoxide and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of water, phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid and having a value represented by formula (I) of from 0.5 to 1.0, under such a condition that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from 2.8 to 3.2; or alternatively, an organic hydroxyl compound is reacted with the above phosphorylating agent under such a condition that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from exceeding 3.2 up to 6.4 and then phosphorus pentaoxide is added to the reaction product in such an amount that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from 2.8 to 3.2 with respect to the total feeds of the starting materials to conduct further reaction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detergent composition which is primarily used on the skin, and more particularly to a detergent composition which provides comfortable and smooth touch on the skin after cleansing. These compositions comprise: (A) a glycerol derivative represented by the following formula (1) wherein one of Z1 and Z2 represents R2—Y— and the other of Z1 and Z2 represents —OH and wherein R1 and R2, which may be the same or different, represent hydrocarbon groups having C3-C12 straight or branched chain or hydrocarbon groups having C14-C20 branched chain respectively and X and Y represent an oxygen atom or (B) at least one silicone; and (C) at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, wherein component (A) and component (C) are present in a ratio of from 1:1 to 1:100, by weight.

Abstract: Glycine derivatives represented by the following formula (1) and cleanser compositions containing the same: ##STR1## wherein R is a linear or branched alkyl group having 11 to 13 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 11 to 13 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched hydroxyalkyl group having 11 to 13 carbon atoms, and M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are the same or different from each other and each independently is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, 1/2 (an alkaline earth metal atom), an ammonium group, a monoalkanolammonium group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, a dialkanolammonium group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms in total, a trialkanolammonium group having 3 to 22 carbon atoms in total, or a protonated basic amino acid, are excellent in foaming, detergency, comfort in use and safety, are antipollutive and can be used for various purposes, for example, a cleanser composition for the hair and body or tableware.

Abstract: An organic hydroxyl compound is reacted with a phosphorylating agent comprising phosphorus pentaoxide and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of water, phosphoric acid and polyphosphoric acid and having a value represented by formula (I) of from 0.5 to 1.0, under such a condition that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from 2.8 to 3.2; or alternatively, an organic hydroxyl compound is reacted with the above phosphorylating agent under such a condition that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from exceeding 3.2 up to 6.4 and then phosphorus pentaoxide is added to the reaction product in such an amount that the ratio as defined by formula (II) has a value in the range of from 2.8 to 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a detergent composition which is primarily used on the skin, and more particularly to a detergent composition which provides comfortable and smooth touch on the skin after cleansing. These compositions comprise:(A) a glycerol derivative represented by the following formula (1) ##STR1## wherein one of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 represents R.sup.2 --Y-- and the other of Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 represents --OH and wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, which may be the same or different, represent hydrocarbon groups having C3-C12 straight or branched chain or hydrocarbon groups having C14-C20 branched chain respectively and X and Y represent an oxygen atom or ##STR2## (B) at least one silicone, and (C) at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant and a nonionic surfactant, wherein component (A) and component (C) are present in a ratio of from 1:1 to 1:100, by weight.

Abstract: A framed soap composition comprises (a) from 20 to 50% by weight of a fatty acid soap, (b) from 1 to 15% by weight of a nonionic surfactant, and (c) from 0.1 to 5% by weight of an inorganic salt. A framed soap composition incorporated with air bubbles is produced by melting a mixture containing these components while heating the mixture in the presence of water, subjecting the resultant molten material to aeration treatment to incorporate air bubbles, and pouring the resultant molten material incorporated with air bubbles, into a frame followed by cooling to harden the molten material.

Abstract: A method for producing ceramic dielectrics containing a water soluble metal acid or salt includes making a mixture by kneading a water soluble metal acid or salt, particulates, sintering auxiliaries and water, mixing the mixture with a binder and plasticizer to form a slurry, and forming a sheet from the slurry by drying and sintering.

Abstract: A ceramic substrate is a high-temperature fired body consisting of alumina as the main component, zirconia, and a ceramics sintering assisting agent. The assisting agent is one of yttria, calcia, magnesia, and ceria, in which yttria is added at 0.1-2 wt %, calcia is added at 0.02-0.5 wt %, magnesia is added at 0.02-0.4 wt %, and ceria is added at 0.02-0.5 wt %.

Abstract: A sinterable aluminum nitride powder composition is prepared by adding about 0.05-10.0 parts by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of calcium tungstate and calcium molybdate and optionally about 1.0-7.0 parts by weight of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of yttria, calcium oxide, and calcium carbonate to 100 parts by weight of an aluminum nitride powder prepared by the alumina reduction method without decarbonization and having a residual carbon content of about 2%-10% by weight. The resulting powdery composition is subjected to mixing and deagglomeration in a dry process so as to form a powder mixture having a bulk density of about 0.3-0.5 g/cm.sup.3, and then to decarbonization by heating in an oxidizing atmosphere. The aluminum nitride powder composition has a pressurized bulk density of about 1.50-1.75 g/cm.sup.3 as measured at a pressure of 500 kg/cm.sup.2 and an average particle diameter of about 1.0-3.0 .mu.

Abstract: A liquid detergent composition which comprises the following components (a), (b) and (c):(a) at least one compound represented by formula (1): ##STR1## (b) at least one compound represented by formula (2): ##STR2## in the proportion by weight falling in the range of 0.2<(a)/[(a)+(b)]<1, and the total amount of (a) and (b) being from 3 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the composition, and(c) 0.5 to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition, of hydroxysulfobetaine or amidebetaine. The liquid detergent compositions according to the present invention provide excellent feel in use, give no damage to the skin or the hair, produce rich foams, and are stable. Therefore, they are very useful not only as face cleansers, hand cleaners, shampoos and body shampoos, but also as detergents for kitchen use with which the hand skin undergoes contact for a prolonged period of time.

Abstract: A solid detergent composition such as soap which contains 0.02 to 5.0% by weight of magnesium oxide and/or calcium oxide based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: A detergent composition is disclosed, which comprises the components (A) and (B):(A) a secondary amide type N-acylamino acid salt represented by formula (1):R.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOM.sup.1 (1)whereinR.sup.1 CO represents a straight chain acyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms;n is an integer of 1 or 2; andM.sup.1 represents a sodium or potassium atom or an alkanolammonium group when n is 1, or a potassium atom or an alkanolammonium group when n is 2; and(B) a germicide selected from the group consisting of triclosan, trichlorocarbanilide, isopropylmethylphenol and chlorhexidine hydrochloride. This detergent composition shows a high detergency, gives a good feel upon use, causes little irritation to skin and causes little damage to hair. Further, it exerts a good germicidal effect which can last for a prolonged period of time. It is particularly suitable for cleansing the skin.

Abstract: A liquid detergent composition containing the following components (a) and (b) at a proportion of (a)/[(a)+(b)] of 0.4 -1:(a) phosphoric ester of the following formula (1) ##STR1## where R.sup.1 is a C.sub.8 -C.sub.12 linear hydrocarbon group, R.sup.4 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 linear hydrocarbon group and X.sup.1 and X.sup.2 are, independently, a potassium atom or a hydrogen atom; and(b) phosphoric ester of the following formula (2): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.2 is a C.sub.11 -C.sub.15 linear hydrocarbon group and X.sup.3 and X.sup.4 are, independently, a potassium atom or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A liquid detergent composition is disclosed, which has a pH value ranging from 6 to 8 and comprises the following Components (A), (B) and (C):(A) an N-acylamino acid salt represented by formula (1):R.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.n COOK (1)wherein R.sup.1 CO represents a straight-chain acyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, n is a number of 1 or 2 and K is potassium;(B) a water-soluble anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of an alkylsulfuric acid salt, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfuric acid salt, an amidoamino acid salt, an N-acylmethyltaurine salt, a polyoxyethylene alkylsulfosuccinic acid salt, an N-acylmethyl-.beta.-alanine salt, an N-acylsarcosine salt and an acylglutamic acid salt; and(C) water,wherein a weight ratio of the component (A) to the component (B) is from 6/1 to 1/3. The liquid detergent of the present invention is hardly irritative to the skin and hair, has high detergency and gives excellent feeling during and after use.

Abstract: A solid detergent composition is disclosed, which comprises the following components (A) and (B):(A) an N-acyl compound represented by the following formula (1)R.sup.1 CONH(CH.sub.2).sub.2 COONa (1)wherein R.sup.1 CO represents a straight chain acyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms; and(B) one or more compounds selected from higher fatty acids and higher alcohols. This solid detergent composition is low-irritative and excellent in foaming properties and foam texture, gives no squeaky feel during and after rinsing and imparts a smooth feel to skin. It is highly suitable, in particular, for cleansing the skin.

Abstract: A pigment consisting of a polyvalent metal salt of an amidosulfonic acid represented by the following general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group each having 7 to 21 carbon atoms;R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;X represents an ethylene group, a propylene group or a ##STR2## M represents a polyvalent metal atom; m represents the valence of M: andn is an integer of from 1 to 4; anda pigment consisting of a polyvalent metal salt of an acylated amino acid represented by the following general formula (II): ##STR3## wherein R.sup.1 represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl group each having 7 to 21 carbon atoms;y represents a number selected from among 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, and 11;M represents a polyvalent metal atom;m represents the valence of M: andn is an integer of from 1 to 4;as well as cosmetic compositions containing these pigments are disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for a hair treatment agent comprising as essential components: a chelating agent having a specific chelating value with respect to the chelation of the calcium ion, and a polymer compound selected from a group consisting of cationic polymers containing quaternary nitrogen, and peptides of an average molecular weight of 40 to 10,000, or their derivatives. The composition provides a perm-treatment with a good finishing effect by depressing absorption of calcium to the hair when it is perm-treated. It also serves as a shampoo, by further formulating an anionic or amphoteric surface active agent, which gives an excellent effect of suppleness and smoothness after washing and rinsing to hair which is damaged from a perm treatment.

Abstract: In a process for the preparation of epoxy group-containing alkoxy silanes by hydrosililation of a terminally unsaturated epoxy compound with a hydro-alkoxy silane using a platinum catalyst, the improvement comprising carrying out the hydrosililation in the presence of an alcohol. By this process formation of the internally sililated isomer can be suppressed and the desired terminally sililated poduct can be produced at an approximately 100% selectivity.

Abstract: A phosphoric ester salt of high purity is produced by converting a phosphoric ester in a mixture containing the phosphoric ester and one or more nonionic compounds into a phosphoric ester salt by using a basic compound, and extracting nonionic compounds from the above mixture by using a mixed solvent of aliphatic hydrocarbons or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, a lower alcohol and water.The above method is applicable to a non-crystalline phosphoric ester from which nonionic compounds cannot be removed by recystallization.The above obtained phosphoric ester salt of high purity can be used as it is or after condensation.