Abstract: A set of liquid compositions used to form a positive or negative electrode layer is provided. The set of liquid compositions includes a first liquid composition having a first electrode material dissolving or dispersing in a first liquid; and a second liquid composition having a second electrode material dissolving or dispersing in a second liquid, the second electrode material differing from the first electrode material, and the second liquid differing from the first liquid, wherein the second electrode material dissolves or disperses easily in the second liquid than in the first liquid.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided. The internal combustion engine includes an exhaust catalyst and a fuel injection valve. The control apparatus includes: an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to: (a) acquire a cetane number of a fuel for the internal combustion engine; (b) acquire a target light-off temperature on the basis of the cetane number, the target light-off temperature being a light-off temperature of the exhaust catalyst; (c) acquire an exhaust gas temperature of the internal combustion engine; and (d) when the exhaust catalyst is heated, control additional injection on the basis of a difference between the exhaust gas temperature and the target light-off temperature, the additional injection being carried out after main injection of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A control device 100 for an internal combustion engine includes an in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquisition unit configured to acquire an in-cylinder oxygen concentration, an in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire an in-cylinder temperature, a target in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a target in-cylinder temperature during main injection based on the in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquired by the in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquisition unit, and an in-cylinder oxygen concentration control unit configured to execute in-cylinder oxygen concentration control for controlling an in-cylinder oxygen concentration during pilot injection performed prior to the main injection based on the difference between the target in-cylinder temperature during the main injection acquired by the target in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit and the in-cylinder temperature acquired by the in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide an at of realizing good combustion by lowering a combustion critical temperature below a temperature of intake air sucked into a cylinder, in the case where a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite are supplied into the cylinder. The invention is a control device for an internal combustion engine that includes a control unit that supplies a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite into a cylinder, and burns the first fuel that is difficult to ignite as well by igniting the second fuel that is easy to ignite, wherein the control unit carries out at least one of a reduction in a supply amount of the first fuel that is difficult to ignite and an increase in a supply amount of the second fuel that is easy to ignite, if a temperature of intake air sucked into the cylinder falls below a combustion critical temperature.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an internal combustion engine is provided. The internal combustion engine includes an exhaust catalyst and a fuel injection valve. The control apparatus includes: an electronic control unit. The electronic control unit is configured to: (a) acquire a cetane number of a fuel for the internal combustion engine; (b) acquire a target light-off temperature on the basis of the cetane number, the target light-off temperature being a light-off temperature of the exhaust catalyst; (c) acquire an exhaust gas temperature of the internal combustion engine; and (d) when the exhaust catalyst is heated, control additional injection on the basis of a difference between the exhaust gas temperature and the target light-off temperature, the additional injection being carried out after main injection of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A control device 100 for an internal combustion engine includes an in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquisition unit configured to acquire an in-cylinder oxygen concentration, an in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire an in-cylinder temperature, a target in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit configured to acquire a target in-cylinder temperature during main injection based on the in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquired by the in-cylinder oxygen concentration acquisition unit, and an in-cylinder oxygen concentration control unit configured to execute in-cylinder oxygen concentration control for controlling an in-cylinder oxygen concentration during pilot injection performed prior to the main injection based on the difference between the target in-cylinder temperature during the main injection acquired by the target in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit and the in-cylinder temperature acquired by the in-cylinder temperature acquisition unit.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide an at of realizing good combustion by lowering a combustion critical temperature below a temperature of intake air sucked into a cylinder, in the case where a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite are supplied into the cylinder. The invention is a control device for an internal combustion engine that includes a control unit that supplies a first fuel that is difficult to ignite and a second fuel that is easy to ignite into a cylinder, and burns the first fuel that is difficult to ignite as well by igniting the second fuel that is easy to ignite, wherein the control unit carries out at least one of a reduction in a supply amount of the first fuel that is difficult to ignite and an increase in a supply amount of the second fuel that is easy to ignite, if a temperature of intake air sucked into the cylinder falls below a combustion critical temperature.

Abstract: A fuel property detector for an internal combustion engine determines a cetane number with high accuracy even when a high-cetane fuel is used. The fuel property detector includes a cylinder pressure detection device; ignition delay time calculating device for calculating ignition delay time in accordance with the cylinder pressure; a high-cetane fuel judgment device for judging based on the ignition delay time whether the cetane number of an employed fuel is high; an ignition delay time extension device that increases the ignition delay time by correcting a control parameter for the internal combustion engine; an ignition delay time recalculation device for recalculating the ignition delay time based on cylinder pressure after the ignition delay time is increased by the ignition delay time extension device; and a cetane number calculation device for calculating the cetane number of the employed fuel based on the recalculated ignition delay time.

Abstract: A fuel property detector for an internal combustion engine determines a cetane number with high accuracy even when a high-cetane fuel is used. The fuel property detector includes a cylinder pressure detection device; ignition delay time calculating device for calculating ignition delay time in accordance with the cylinder pressure; a high-cetane fuel judgment device for judging based on the ignition delay time whether the cetane number of an employed fuel is high; an ignition delay time extension device that increases the ignition delay time by correcting a control parameter for the internal combustion engine; an ignition delay time recalculation device for recalculating the ignition delay time based on cylinder pressure after the ignition delay time is increased by the ignition delay time extension device; and a cetane number calculation device for calculating the cetane number of the employed fuel based on the recalculated ignition delay time.

Abstract: The present invention provides a selling system for providing an interface for customers in the online sale of commodities as if the customer actually went to a shop and evaluated each article according to the purchase request. This selling system has a receiver for receiving instruction information regarding an arbitrary display manner of an arbitrary individual commodity selected by a user from a user terminal, means for outputting to a photographing robot, a first photographing request for acquiring image information at this moment according to the arbitrary display manner of the selected individual arbitrary commodity itself, which is designated in the instruction information, and a transmitter for transmitting to the user terminal, the image information of the selected individual commodity itself, which is photographed by the photographing apparatus.

Abstract: Magnetic tape storage apparatus including a drive unit for writing/reading information on and from a magnetic tape using a rotary head (RH) by the helical scan method and a storage control unit for controlling the drive unit.

Abstract: A storage apparatus which performs writing and reading of data on a magnetic tape by the helical scan method using a rotary head, in particular one suited to use with a large-sized host computer, which storage apparatus includes mainly a storage control unit connected to the host computer and a drive unit for reading from and writing on the magnetic tape. System areas are formed on the magnetic tapes, which system areas have tables which include management information relating to the magnetic tapes themselves and able to be renewed by the storage control unit. By using these tables, the magnetic tapes can be easily accessed at a high speed, diagnosed as to trouble, and managed in data blocks.

Abstract: In an erasing and recovering system for a data block on a magnetic tape in a magnetic tape recording and reproducing apparatus, the system includes: a detecting unit for detecting data error caused by a damaged portion on the magnetic tape by reading a data block just after the data block is written to the magnetic tape; a calculating unit for calculating the circumference of the magnetic tape including the damaged portion; an erasing unit for erasing half of the circumference including the damaged portion; and a data write unit for re-writing the same data block as the data block including the error into another half of the same circumference as the circumference including the damaged portion.