Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus able to improve the utilization efficiency of light and attain a high luminance of light. An optical waveguide for guiding light emitted from a light source is provided, and a color separator for transmitting predetermined color light included in the light guided by the optical waveguide and for reflecting predetermined color light included in the guided light is also provided. The light reflected by the color separator is guided by the optical waveguide and is thereafter reflected by a reflecting member. The light reflected by the reflecting member is radiated into the optical waveguide and conducted thereby to the color separator.

Abstract: The speed of a disc handling operation by a disc apparatus having disc changer capability is significantly increased and, at the same time, the disc handling operation is performed with stability. In the disc apparatus according to this invention, a plurality of reproducing units loaded with discs are moved independently and disc reproduction is started by returning the reproducing units to their dedicated positions. Simultaneous returning of the plurality of reproducing units is prevented and each reproducing unit moves for refuge while reproducing the disc. This novel setup significantly shortens the time for moving the reproducing units for disc reproduction. When continuously reproducing a plurality of discs accommodated in proximity, the plurality of reproducing units are moved in a stacked state rather than independently. This also contributes to a significant reduction of the time in the disc handling operation.

Abstract: A tape loading mechanism for a magnetic recording and reproducing device to pull out a magnetic tape from a tape cassette containing the magnetic tape to wind the magnetic tape for a predetermined winding angle around a rotating cylinder having a rotating head mounted thereon comprising an incoming-side tape pull-out guide device for pulling out the magnetic tape from the tape cassette to form an incoming-side portion of a tape running path, the incoming-side tape pull-out device having a plurality of tape guides which engage with the magnetic tape; first outgoing-side tape pull-out guide device for pulling out the magnetic tape from the tape cassette and winding the tape for a predetermined angle around the rotating cylinder, the first outgoing-side tape pull-out guide device having a first inclined tape guide to change the running direction of the magnetic tape upwardly; and second outgoing-side tape pull-out guide device for forming an outgoing-side portion of the tape running path in cooperation with the