Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: a process chamber in which a substrate is processed; an exhaust controller configured to control a gas flow path through which a plurality of exhausts in parallel is connected to the process chamber and a gas flow in the gas flow path; an output controller configured to control output of each of the exhausts; and a controller configured to be capable of controlling the exhaust controller and the output controller.

Abstract: As viewed in a tire circumferential direction, a maximum value of an amount by which a first inner portion protrudes toward the exterior in a tire width direction beyond a second inner portion is greater than a maximum value of an amount by which the second inner portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond a first inner portion, and as viewed in the tire circumferential direction, a maximum value of an amount by which a second outer portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond a first outer portion is greater than a maximum value of an amount by which the first outer portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond the second outer portion.

Abstract: As viewed in a tire circumferential direction, a maximum value of an amount by which a first inner portion protrudes toward the exterior in a tire width direction beyond a second inner portion is greater than a maximum value of an amount by which the second inner portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond a first inner portion, and as viewed in the tire circumferential direction, a maximum value of an amount by which a second outer portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond a first outer portion is greater than a maximum value of an amount by which the first outer portion protrudes toward the exterior in the tire width direction beyond the second outer portion.

Abstract: A sipe is defined by a wall surface including a first side surface and a second side surface and that face each other with a gap therebetween. The first and second side surfaces each include a first portion on the surface side of the land section, a second portion on the bottom side of the sipe, and a third portion interposed between the first portion and the second portion. The first portion of the first side surface and the first portion of the second side surface have complementary shapes. The first portion of the first side surface and the first portion of the second side surface each have a shape having an amplitude in the sipe width direction from one end to the other end in the ripe extending direction, the amplitude gradually decreasing toward the bottom of the sipe from the surface of the land section.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate for carbon nanotube growth in which no metal particles as a catalyst aggregates and a method for manufacturing the substrate. A substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a base plate 2, a catalyst 3, a form-defining material layer 4 which allows the catalyst 3 to be dispersed and arranged, and a covering layer 5 which has a metal oxide to cover the catalyst. A method for manufacturing a substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a step of sputtering on a base plate 2 a metal which forms a catalyst 3 and oxidizing the surface of the metal, a step of sputtering a form-defining material on the base plate 2, and a step of further sputtering on the form-defining material a metal which forms a catalyst 3 and oxidizing the surface of the metal.

Abstract: A wear indicator provided on a tread surface is constituted of seven sipes of an uppermost sipe a lowermost sipe and an intermediate sipe each extending in a lateral direction; and an upper-left sipe an upper-right sipe a lower-left sipe and a lower-right sipe each extending in a longitudinal direction. The sipe uses a combination of an indication part used to indicate a character and a non-indication part having a narrower groove width and not used to indicate a character in a depth direction of the sipe. Single numeral is indicated by the combination of the indication parts in the seven sipes and the combination of the indication parts is changed in the depth direction of the sipe such that the numeral stepwise changes in the depth direction of the sipe.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate for carbon nanotube growth in which no metal particles as a catalyst aggregates and a method for manufacturing the substrate. A substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a base plate 2, a noble metal alloy catalyst 3 having an alloy of a noble metal and a transition metal, and a form-defining material layer 4 which allows the noble metal alloy catalyst 3 to be dispersed and arranged. A method for manufacturing a substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a step of sputtering a noble metal alloy on a base plate 2, a step of sputtering a form-defining material on the base plate 2, and a step of further sputtering the noble metal alloy on the form-defining material.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire in which the sipe extending in a direction crossing a tire circumferential direction is provided on a land portion (block) of a tread portion, a wide part having a wide groove width is provided at three or more places in a length direction of the sipe, and the wide part and a narrow part are formed alternately on a tread surface along the sipe length direction. A plurality of the wide parts are extended in a sipe depth direction from the tread surface, and are provided by changing extended lengths in the sipe depth direction.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire comprises a plurality of main grooves extending along a tire circumferential direction, and shoulder lateral grooves extending to an outer side in a tire width direction from a shoulder main groove positioned in an outermost side in the tire width direction among the main grooves, the main grooves and the shoulder lateral grooves being arranged on a tread surface, wherein a depression is formed on a wall surface of a land portion facing to the shoulder lateral groove, in a state in which it is not exposed to a surface of the land portion, and wherein the depression is formed in such a manner that a height of the depression in a depth direction of the shoulder lateral groove is reduced toward an inner side in the tire width direction, and an exposure length of the depression becomes longer in accordance with a progress of an abrasion of the land portion.

Abstract: The invention provides a pneumatic tire which can increase a driving performance on a road surface of a so-called sherbet snow, and in which a biased wear such as a toe-and-heel wear or the like is hard to be generated. In a pneumatic tire provided with a tread pattern having a transverse groove 2b formed between a plurality of blocks 1b, the transverse groove 2b is provided with a top side groove portion 11 extending while a groove width GW expands to a tread end side, and a bottom side groove portion 12 extending with a roughly fixed groove width GW.

Abstract: A sipe extending in a tire width direction is provided in a land part (block) of a tread shoulder region. An inner region on the tire equator side in a length direction of the sipe is formed in a straight sipe portion over the whole of a sipe depth direction. A region on the tread ground contact end side relative to the inner region is divided and provided in the straight sipe portion on the sipe opening side and a waveform sipe portion on the sipe bottom part side in the sipe depth direction.

Abstract: A substrate for growing carbon nanotubes capable of elongating single-walled carbon nanotubes of an average diameter of less than 2 nm is provided. The substrate for growing carbon nanotubes 1 is equipped with a reaction prevention layer 3 formed on a base material 2, a catalyst material layer 4 formed on the reaction prevention layer 3, a dispersion layer 5 formed on the catalyst material layer 4, and a dispersion promotion layer 6 formed on the dispersion layer 5.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus in which the state of generated plasma can be stabilized is provided. A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus 1 comprises a chamber 2, an antenna 3 including a tip 3a, a microwave conductor 4, a gas introducing unit 5, a gas discharging unit 6, a substrate holding unit 7, and a heating unit 8. The shape of the inner wall of the chamber 2 is symmetrical with respect to the tip 3a of the antenna 3.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method capable of accelerating the growth of oriented carbon nanotubes when manufacturing the oriented carbon nanotubes by a plasma CVD. Under the circulation of a gas which is the raw material of the carbon nanotubes, plasma is generated by an antenna (6) provided in a depressurized treatment chamber (2), and substrates (9, 15) provided with a reaction prevention layer and a catalyst material layer which are formed on a base material are held at a distance, to which a radical can reach and an attack of an ion generated as a by-product of the radical can be avoided, from a plasma generation area (7). The tip (6a) of the antenna (6) can be controlled so as to match with the position of the anti-node of a stationary wave (27) of microwaves.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate for carbon nanotube growth in which no metal particles as a catalyst aggregates and a method for manufacturing the substrate. A substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a base plate 2, a noble metal alloy catalyst 3 having an alloy of a noble metal and a transition metal, and a form-defining material layer 4 which allows the noble metal alloy catalyst 3 to be dispersed and arranged. A method for manufacturing a substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a step of sputtering a noble metal alloy on a base plate 2, a step of sputtering a form-defining material on the base plate 2, and a step of further sputtering the noble metal alloy on the form-defining material.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate for carbon nanotube growth in which no metal particles as a catalyst aggregates and a method for manufacturing the substrate. A substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a base plate 2, a catalyst 3, a form-defining material layer 4 which allows the catalyst 3 to be dispersed and arranged, and a covering layer 5 which has a metal oxide to cover the catalyst. A method for manufacturing a substrate for carbon nanotube growth 1 includes a step of sputtering on a base plate 2 a metal which forms a catalyst 3 and oxidizing the surface of the metal, a step of sputtering a form-defining material on the base plate 2, and a step of further sputtering on the form-defining material a metal which forms a catalyst 3 and oxidizing the surface of the metal.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, at least one groove wall face of at least one of the grooves includes a portion located at the tread surface side and a portion located at a groove bottom side with respect to the portion located at the tread surface side, the portion located at the tread surface side includes a plane face that forms a right angle or an obtuse angle with respect to the land portion surface, and a bottom face extending outward in a width direction of the groove from an end at the groove bottom side of the plane face, the portion located at the groove bottom side has an inclined face extending from the groove bottom in the width direction toward the outside of the bottom face, the inclined face and the bottom face form therebetween a recess portion recessed outward in the width direction of the groove.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire structured such that a sipe is formed in a land portion of a tread surface. The sipe has a wide portion extending along a longitudinal direction at least at one position in a depth direction. The wide portion is structured by alternately arranging concave portions which are smaller in the longitudinal direction and the depth direction than the sipe, in both sides of a sipe wall surface along the longitudinal direction of the sipe.

Abstract: A sipe extending in a tire width direction is provided in a land part (block) of a tread shoulder region, and the sipe is configured to include a first sipe part, a second sipe part having a groove width larger than the first sipe part and a third sipe part larger than the second sipe part. The first sipe part is formed over the whole of a sipe length direction in an opening side region of the sipe and the whole of a sipe depth direction in an inner region on the side of a tire equator; the third sipe part is formed in an outer region on the side of a tread ground contact end in a sipe bottom part region; and the second sipe part is formed in a region between the first sipe part and the third sipe part.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus in which the state of generated plasma can be stabilized is provided. A carbon nanotube synthesizing apparatus 1 comprises a chamber 2, an antenna 3 including a tip 3a, a microwave conductor 4, a gas introducing unit 5, a gas discharging unit 6, a substrate holding unit 7, and a heating unit 8. The shape of the inner wall of the chamber 2 is symmetrical with respect to the tip 3a of the antenna 3.