Abstract: Ethanol is prepared from a saccharide such as glucose by a fermentation process. The efficiency of the fermentation is improved by feeding a residual fermented liquid obtained from an evaporator used to vaporize ethanol to a reverse osmosis unit, and then subjecting the residual liquid to reverse osmosis to remove water therefrom. This residual liquid is then recycled to the original fermenter, or to a second fermenter having a smaller volume than the first fermenter.

Abstract: A method of batchwise oxidatively reducing radioactive wastes mainly composed of various combustible or poorly combustible organic compounds or the mixtures thereof and containing a small amount of inorganic substances. The oxidative decomposition is carried out in an aqueous solution containing a fusion-preventive agent and a catalyst. The process allows radioactive waste to be oxidatively decomposed effectively and safely while requiring low amounts of energy thereby permitting the volume of the final wastes to be discharged and stored after the oxidative decomposition to be minimized.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for concentrating aqueous urea solutions in which an aqueous urea solution is allowed to flow as a falling film in countercurrent contact with a stream of hot inert gas to concentrate it to 95-99% by weight and the aqueous urea solution so concentrated is then passed through a packed zone in cocurrent contact with a stream of hot inert gas to concentrate it to not less than 99.5% by weight.

Abstract: A process for the separation of oil from waste water containing the same in the form of fine particles, comprising introducing a hydroxide or oxide of calcium or a mixture thereof into the waste water for adsorbing the oil on the hydroxide or oxide and/or coagulating the oil, adding an acid or an alkali to the waste water for dissolving the oil-adsorbing hydroxide or oxide to liberate the oil, and separating the liberated oil from the waste water.