Abstract: A memory includes: a magnet including a first and second portions adjacent in a first direction. The first portion has a first dimension in a second direction at a first position at which a dimension of the magnet in the second direction is maximum, the second direction perpendicular to the first direction, the second portion has a second dimension in the second direction at a second position at which a dimension of the magnet in the second direction is minimum, the second dimension smaller than the first dimension, the first portion is continuous to the second portion via a third position between the first and second positions, a curve corresponding to an outer of the magnet extends between the first and third positions, and the curve passes through a side closer to the central axis of the magnet than a straight line connecting the first and second positions.

Abstract: A pulse signal transistor circuit with an improved turn-off characteristic comprises a first pulse signal source connected to the base electrode of the transistor and a second pulse signal source connected to the emitter electrode of the transistor. The first and second pulse signals have the opposite phases, thereby enhancing the extinction of minority carriers stored in the base region of the transistor.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, a cylinder block formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, and a radiator.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head and a cylinder block, and is provided with a radiator. Cooling jackets are formed in the head and in the block, and separate pumps drive cooling fluid through these jackets. A sensor senses the temperature of the cooling fluid passing out from the block cooling jacket, and a controller receives a signal from this sensor. A block recirculation conduit system of high flow resistance leads from the block cooling jacket outlet to its inlet, bypassing the radiator. A main recirculation conduit system communicates at its upstream end to the outlets of both the cooling jackets, and at its downstream portion to the radiator. A radiator output conduit system leads from the radiator to the inlets of both the cooling jacket. A first control valve, controlled by the controller, controls flow through the radiator.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine includes a cylinder head formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, a cylinder block formed with a cooling jacket which has an inlet and an outlet, and a radiator.

Abstract: A first diode having a polarity opposite to the diode characteristic between the emitter and base electrodes is connected across these electrodes of a first transistor, a resistor having a high resistance is connected between the collector and the base electrodes of the first transistor and a first source of high reference potential is connected to the collector electrode. The collector electrode of a second transistor is connected to the base electrode of the first transistor and to a second diode and the emitter electrode of the second transistor is connected to a second source of low reference potential.

Abstract: A plasma display system in which display cells in an external electrode type plasma display panel are forcibly fired at a predetermined period regardless of given display signals, which can greatly improve turn-on characteristics of a display without adversely affecting the display function.

Abstract: A circuit for driving one electrode group of a gas discharge display panel includes a plurality of PNP transistors and NPN transistors. The emitter electrodes of the PNP transistors are connected to a positive voltage source and the emitter electrodes of the NPN transistors are connected to ground. Diode means are connected between the collector electrodes of the PNP transistors and those of the NPN transistors across matrix points formed at the intersections of a first plurality of conductors connected respectively to the collector electrodes of the PNP transistors and a second plurality of conductors connected respectively to the collector electrodes of the NPN transistors. The individual electrodes of one electrode group of the gas discharge panel are connected to the diode means. The circuit also includes a first plurality of diodes and a second plurality of diodes connected to the first plurality of conductors and the second plurality of conductors, respectively.

Abstract: A circuit for driving one electrode group of a gas discharge display panel includes a plurality of PNP transistors and NPN transistors. The emitter electrodes of the PNP transistors are connected to a positive voltage source and the emitter electrodes of the NPN transistors are connected to ground. Diode means are connected between the collector electrodes of the PNP transistors and those of the NPN transistors across matrix points formed at the intersections of a first plurality of conductors connected respectively to the collector electrodes of the PNP transistors and a second plurality of conductors connected respectively to the collector electrodes of the NPN transistors. The individual electrodes of the one electrode group of the gas discharge tube are connected to the diode means and grounded through capacitors, which may be included in the gas discharge display panel.