Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus that thermally treats an annular workpiece formed of a steel material by inductively heating the workpiece includes a treatment tank in which the workpiece is set and thermally treated, a holding portion that holds the workpiece at a predetermined position, an induction heating coil that surrounds the workpiece to inductively heat the workpiece, and a cooling medium that cools surfaces of the workpiece during the induction heating of the workpiece.

Abstract: A bearing ring for a roller bearing includes: an inner layer part that is formed of tempering martensite or sorbite; and a surface layer part that surrounds the entire periphery of the inner layer part, in which Vickers hardness of a surface thereof is larger than that of the inner layer, and which is formed of tempering martensite. A raceway portion of the surface layer part a portion that is in contact with at least one end of the rolling contact surface of the roller in an axial direction, and includes a first raceway portion at which compressive residual stress of the raceway surface is relatively high.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus that thermally treats an annular workpiece formed of a steel material by inductively heating the workpiece includes a treatment tank in which the workpiece is set and thermally treated, a holding portion that holds the workpiece at a predetermined position, an induction heating coil that surrounds the workpiece to inductively heat the workpiece, and a cooling medium that cools surfaces of the workpiece during the induction heating of the workpiece.

Abstract: A raceway of a roller bearing includes a first raceway whose raceway surface is under a relatively high compressive residual stress, and a second raceway whose raceway surface is under a compressive residual stress lower than the compressive residual stress applied to the raceway surface of the first raceway. The raceway surface of the second raceway has a Vickers hardness of 700 HV or more but less than 800 HV. The raceway surface of the first raceway includes a portion that is harder than the raceway surface of the second raceway and that is to be in contact with at least one of axial ends of a rolling contact surface of a roller. A rib includes a rib surface having a Vickers hardness of 450 HV or more but less than 550 HV.

Abstract: A bearing ring for a roller bearing includes: an inner layer part that is formed of tempering martensite or sorbite; and a surface layer part that surrounds the entire periphery of the inner layer part, in which Vickers hardness of a surface thereof is larger than that of the inner layer, and which is formed of tempering martensite. A raceway portion of the surface layer part a portion that is in contact with at least one end of the rolling contact surface of the roller in an axial direction, and includes a first raceway portion at which compressive residual stress of the raceway surface is relatively high.

Abstract: A raceway of a roller bearing includes a first raceway whose raceway surface is under a relatively high compressive residual stress, and a second raceway whose raceway surface is under a compressive residual stress lower than the compressive residual stress applied to the raceway surface of the first raceway. The raceway surface of the second raceway has a Vickers hardness of 700 HV or more but less than 800 HV. The raceway surface of the first raceway includes a portion that is harder than the raceway surface of the second raceway and that is to be in contact with at least one of axial ends of a rolling contact surface of a roller. A rib includes a rib surface having a Vickers hardness of 450 HV or more but less than 550 HV.

Abstract: A hardening method for an annular workpiece made of metal includes a heating process that heats the annular workpiece to a hardening temperature; an analyzing process that obtains a diameter of the annular workpiece heated to the hardening temperature, and divides the heated annular workpiece into at least a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion based on the obtained diameter; and a cooling process that injects cooling liquid under an injection condition toward the annular workpiece that has been divided into at least the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion in the analyzing process such that a dimensional difference between the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion decreases, the injection condition for the large diameter portion being different from the injection condition for the small diameter portion.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus that thermally treats an annular workpiece formed of a steel material by inductively heating the workpiece includes a treatment tank in which the workpiece is set and thermally treated, a holding portion that holds the workpiece at a predetermined position, an induction heating coil that surrounds the workpiece to inductively heat the workpiece, and a cooling medium that cools surfaces of the workpiece during the induction heating of the workpiece.

Abstract: A hardening method for an annular workpiece made of metal includes a heating process that heats the annular workpiece to a hardening temperature; an analyzing process that obtains a diameter of the annular workpiece heated to the hardening temperature, and divides the heated annular workpiece into at least a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion based on the obtained diameter; and a cooling process that injects cooling liquid under an injection condition toward the annular workpiece that has been divided into at least the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion in the analyzing process such that a dimensional difference between the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion decreases, the injection condition for the large diameter portion being different from the injection condition for the small diameter portion.

Abstract: A heat treatment apparatus that thermally treats an annular workpiece formed of a steel material by inductively heating the workpiece includes a treatment tank in which the workpiece is set and thermally treated, a holding portion that holds the workpiece at a predetermined position, an induction heating coil that surrounds the workpiece to inductively heat the workpiece, and a cooling medium that cools surfaces of the workpiece during the induction heating of the workpiece.

Abstract: A bearing constituent member includes a surface layer, at least one of particles composed of vanadium nitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 ?m and particles composed of vanadium carbonitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 ?m are present in the surface layer ranging from the surface to a depth of 10 ?m and at least one of the area ratio of the particles composed of vanadium nitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 ?m and the particles composed of vanadium carbonitride having a particle diameter of 0.2 to 2 ?m in the surface layer ranging from the surface to a depth of 10 ?m is 1 to 10%.

Abstract: Due to the reduction of a discharge amount of a mechanical oil pump by a lowering of the idling rotation speed, a slip in a hydraulic power transmission apparatus and a blow up of an electric motor for running due to a delay of the rising of the oil pressure upon the sudden start and the like are prevented. While avoiding the slip and the blow up, the idling rotation speed is lowered so as to make the engine noise small. When the return determination from the idling state is performed based on the shift operation from P to D, at step S5, a torque TMG2 of a second motor/generator MG2 is temporarily restricted. As a result, upon the sudden start from the idling state, even when the rising of the oil pressure delays, the second brake B2 engaged upon the starting is prevented from slipping, and the second motor/generator MG2 is prevented from blowing up.

Abstract: A production method of a rolling/sliding part which includes applying a spherodizing annealing treatment to a steel to render an average particle diameter of the carbide of the surface layer portion in a range of 0.3 to 0.6 ?m and a maximum particle diameter thereof 4 ?m, to render the surface hardness 62 or more by Rockwell C hardness and to render a solid solution carbon amount in a residual austenite of the surface layer portion in a range of 0.95 to 1.15% by weight.

Abstract: There is provided a bearing constituent member capable of achieving a long life of a rolling bearing and securing sufficient static loading capacity and dimensional stability and a production process thereof as well as a rolling bearing having a long life and exhibiting sufficient static loading capacity and dimensional stability. A workpiece obtained from a steel containing 3.2 to 5.0% by mass of Cr and 0.05% by mass or more to less than 0.5% by mass of V is subjected to a heat treatment such as a carbonitriding treatment. Thereby, the following are achieved: the content of C in the surface layer ranging from the surface of the bearing constituent member of the rolling bearing to 10 ?m is 1.1 to 1.6% by mass, Vickers hardness at the position of a depth of 50 ?m from the surface is 740 to 900 (Rockwell C hardness is 62 to 67), the ? amount at the position of a depth of 10 ?m from the surface is 20 to 55% by volume, particles composed of vanadium nitride having a particle diameter of 0.

Abstract: When an engine is in operation an ignition switch is turned off by a driver an ECU executes a program including the step of actuating an electric motor driven oil pump.

Abstract: A control device causes a motor-generator to stop while a shift lever is set to a neutral position, and changes the rotation speed of an electric oil pump from a first rotation speed to a second rotation speed lower than the first rotation speed if a state of the electric oil pump in a hydraulic pressure control device enters a state where it is not preferable to continue operation at the first rotation speed. Preferably, the control device warns a driver to change the shift lever position from the neutral-position to another position if the vehicle satisfies a prescribed warning condition. Further preferably, the control device sets the vehicle to a running non-permitted state if the shift lever position is not changed from the neutral position to another position after warning.

Abstract: Due to the reduction of a discharge amount of a mechanical oil pump by a lowering of the idling rotation speed, a slip in a hydraulic power transmission apparatus and a blow up of an electric motor for running due to a delay of the rising of the oil pressure upon the sudden start and the like are prevented. While avoiding the slip and the blow up, the idling rotation speed is lowered so as to make the engine noise small. When the return determination from the idling state is performed based on the shift operation from P to D, at step S5, a torque TMG2 of a second motor/generator MG2 is temporarily restricted. As a result, upon the sudden start from the idling state, even when the rising of the oil pressure delays, the second brake B2 engaged upon the starting is prevented from slipping, and the second motor/generator MG2 is prevented from blowing up.

Abstract: Lubricating oil supply holes are drilled into a first member that is fitted to a plurality of first annular plates by a spline. Of splines to which each lubricating oil supply hole corresponds, lubricating oil grooves provided in the plurality of first annular plates do not overlap the splines on at least one of the front and rear surfaces of the first annular plates, and therefore lubricating oil flowing out of the lubricating oil supply holes is dispersed in a circumferential direction and flows from the inner periphery to the outer periphery of the first annular plates, rather than gathering in each lubricating oil groove and flowing in an outer peripheral direction. As a result, a force generated by an axial lubricating oil flow, which acts in a direction for causing the second annular plates to contact friction materials on the first annular plates, is suppressed, leading to a reduction in drag torque.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a vehicle having an engine and an automatic transmission includes a rotational speed detection unit that detects the engine speed; a temperature detection unit that detects the temperature of automatic transmission fluid; an calculation unit that calculates a degree of agitation of the automatic transmission fluid based on the detected engine speed and the automatic transmission fluid temperature; an adding unit for adding the calculated degree of agitation to a previously calculated degree of agitation; and a control unit for controlling the automatic transmission based on the sum degree to prevent increasing the degree of agitation.

Abstract: The invention provides a rolling-sliding part which can attain more prolonged service lives even when used in rolling bearings which are exposed to contaminated lubricating oil. Rolling-sliding parts are made of steel which contains C: 0.7 to 0.9 wt. %, Si: 0.05 to 0.7 wt. %, Mn: 0.05 to 0.7 wt. %, Cr: 3.2 to 5.0 wt. %, Al: 0.04 wt. % or less, P: 0.03 wt. % or less, S: 0.03 wt. % or less, Ti: 0.005 wt. % or less, O: 0.0015 wt. % or less, at least one of Mo: less than 1.0 wt. % and V: less than 0.50 wt. %, and Fe and unavoidable impurities: balance, and which has a carburized layer in the surface. The precipitated carbide content of the layer is adjusted to 9 to 30% in terms of area ratio. At least 50% of the precipitated carbides present in the layer are of M7C3-type and/or M23C6-type in terms of area ratio. The average particle size of the carbides present in the layer is adjusted to 0.2 to 0.4 ?m and the residual austenite content of the layer is adjusted to 35 to 60%.