Abstract: The objects of the present invention are to provide a toner excellent in transferability, little remaining on the photosensitive member and causing no defective image in roll-aided transfer (or at least such a phenomenon is well-controlled), and also to provide an image forming method using the same toner. The above objects are achieved when the toner contains a binder resin and colorant, inorganic fine particles, and a hydrotalcite compound shown by the formula: M1y12+M2y22+ . . . Mjyj2+L1x13+L2x23+ . . . Lkxk3+(OH)2.(X/n)An−.mH2O  (1) wherein 0<[X=(x1+x2+ . . . xk)]≦0.5; Y=(y1+y2+ . . . +yj)=1−X; j and k are each an integer of 2 or larger; M13+, M23+, . . . and Mj2+ are divalent metallic ions different from each other; L13+, L23+ . . .

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image has toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant, and a wax. The wax contains an ester compound represented by specific formula, or a mixture thereof at a content ranging from 50 to 100% by weight based on the weight of the wax.

Abstract: A charging apparatus which comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a charging member which comprises magnetic particles and placed in contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member to charge the electrophotographic photosensitive member upon application of a voltage, wherein each magnetic particle has a surface layer containing a polyolefin resin of which weight average molecular weight is 10,000 or more, and has a volume resistivity of 1.times.10.sup.4 to 1.times.10.sup.11 .OMEGA.cm.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotography has carrier particles. Each carrier particle has a carrier core and a silicone resin coat layer that covers the carrier core. The carrier particle has silicon atoms and carrier atoms on its surface in the ratio that satisfies the condition of Si/C=0.1 to 2.0 as the number of atoms present on the carrier particle surface as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and from 0.1% by number to 5% by number of metal atoms are present on the carrier particle surface. Additionally, there is a two-component developer for developing electrostatic images which consists of a toner and the carrier. An image forming method in which the two-component developer having the toner and the carrier is transported to a developing zone which is defined by a latent image carried on a latent image bearing member to develop the latent image. A voltage is applied to the developer to direct the toner from the latent image bearing member to a member carrying the developer.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is formed from toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and an organometallic compound. The binder resin in the toner particles has a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble (THF-insoluble) content of at most 5.0 wt.% based on the binder resin. The toner has a glass transition temperature of 50.degree.-80.degree. C. The toner further has storage modulus characteristics including a storage modulus at 80.degree. C. (G'.sub.80) of 1.times.10.sup.4 -5.times.10.sup.6 ?dyn/cm.sup.2 !, a storage modulus at 130.degree. C. (G'.sub.130) providing a ratio G'.sub.80 /G'.sub.130 of 10-5.times.10.sup.3, and a storage modulus curve showing a minimum (G'min) in a temperature region of 110.degree.-190.degree. C. The toner especially exhibits excellent low-temperature fixability, anti-high temperature offset characteristic, storage stability and color-miscibility.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic latent image; a contact charging means for contact charging the member to be charged and a developing means for developing the latent image. The developing means includes a developer having a magnetic toner and fine powder treated with a silicone oil or varnish-treating agent, wherein the magnetic toner particles include a binder resin and contain from 10-70 wt. % of magnetic fine powder. An image forming method includes the steps of contact charging, latent image forming and developing with a developer having the binder resin, 10 to 70 wt. % magnetic fine powder and fine powder treated with a silicone oil or varnish-treating agent.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotography is constituted by magnetic carrier core particles and a resin coating layer coating the magnetic carrier core particles. The carrier core particles contain a magnetic ferrite component represented by the following formula (I):(Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3).sub.x (A).sub.y (B).sub.z (I),wherein A denotes a member selected from the group consisting of MgO, AgO and mixtures thereof; B denotes a member selected from the group consisting of Li.sub.2 O, MnO, CaO, SrO, Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, SiO.sub.2 and mixtures thereof; and x, y and z are numbers representing weight ratios and satisfying the relation of: 0.2.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.95, 0.005.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.0.3, 0<z.ltoreq.0.795, and x+y+z.ltoreq.1. The coated carrier particles thus formed exhibit excellent performances in continuous image formation.

Abstract: A toner for developing electrostatic images is formed of toner particles comprising (a) a binder resin, (b) a colorant or magnetic material, (c) an aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A), and (d) a metal compound of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A). The aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) and the metal compound of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) are contained in a weight ratio of 1:99 to 10:90. As a result of co-inclusion of a small amount of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) in addition to the metal compound thereof, the resultant toner is provided with a quick chargeability in a low humidity environment and an improved level of triboelectric charge in a high humidity environment, presumably because of the stabilization effect of the small amount of the aromatic hydroxycarboxylic acid (A) on the metal compound thereof.

Abstract: An image forming method is conducted by forming a toner image on a latent image bearing member containing an organic photoconductive material. The latent image bearing member includes a photosensitive layer containing an organic photoconductive material and a protective layer which contains fluorine-containing resin particles in an amount from 5% by weight to 40% by weight. The toner contains toner particles and external additives. The external additives include titanium oxide particles having a weight average particle diameter from 0.01 .mu.m to 0.2 .mu.m having been subjected to hydrophobic treatment, organic resin particles having a weight average particle diameter from 0.02 .mu.m to 0.5 .mu.m, and inorganic compound particles having a weight average particle diameter from 0.5 .mu.m to 2.5 m.The inorganic compound particles may be specific titanates, oxides or carbonate.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image is formed from toner particles containing a binder resin, a colorant, and a charge-controlling agent. The charge-controlling agent comprises an aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, a metal compound of the aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, and an inorganic compound formed from an inorganic anion and an inorganic cation. The aromatic oxycarboxylic acid, the metal compound of the aromatic carboxylic acid and the inorganic anion are contained in proportions of A (wt. %), B (wt. %) and C (ppm), respectively, satisfying the following conditions: 1/99.ltoreq.A/B.ltoreq.20/80, and 10.sup.2 .ltoreq.C. Because of the inclusion of an inorganic compound providing a sufficient amount of inorganic anion, the charge-controlling agent shows a stable charge-controlling characteristic, and the resultant toner exhibits a stable developing performance and transferability in continuous image formation in various environmental conditions.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotography has carrier particles. The carrier has a 50% average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of from 15 .mu.m to 45 .mu.m and contains from 1% to 20% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 22 .mu.m, not more than 3% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 16 .mu.m, from 2% to 15% of carrier particles with a size of 62 .mu.m or larger, and not more than 2% of carrier particles with a size of 88 .mu.m or larger. The carrier has a specific surface area S.sub.1 as measured by an air-permeability method and a specific surface area S.sub.2 as calculated by the following expression:S.sub.2 =(6/.rho..multidot.D.sub.50).times.10.sup.4wherein .rho. is a specific gravity of carrier; satisfying the following condition:1.2 .ltoreq.S.sub.1 /S.sub.2 .ltoreq.2.0.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner, particularly color toner, for developing an electrostatic image, which comprises toner particles containing a mixture of a binder resin, a coloring agend and compounds (I) and (II).

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner for developing an electrostatic image, comprising toner particles and external additives, wherein;said external additives comprise (A) titanium oxide particles having a weight average particle diameter of from 0.01 .mu.m to 0.2 .mu.m, having been subjected to hydrophobic treatment, (B) organic resin particles having a weight average particle diameter of from 0.02 .mu.m to 0.5 .mu.m and (C) an inorganic compound having a weight average particle diameter of from 0.5 .mu.m to 2.5 .mu.m; said external additives being added in an amount satisfying the relationship:(A):(B)=2:1 to 10:1(A):(C)=1:1 to 5:1; andsaid toner contains toner particles having a particle diameter of from 2 .mu.m to 5 .mu.m in an amount of from 15% by number to 40% by number.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image, which comprises a colorant-containing particulate resin and a treated fine powdery material prepared by treating fine powdery titanium oxide with a silane-type organic compound, where the fine powdery titanium oxide is mainly composed of a TiO.sub.2 component and a Ti(OR).sub.m (OH).sub.n component wherein R is a hydrocarbon group, m and n are respectively an integer of from 0 to 4, and m+n is 4.

Abstract: The toner for developing an electrostatic image, excellent in any environmental conditions, comprises the colorant-containing resin particles and at least one kind of fine titanium oxide powder which has been made hydrophobic by treating in an aqueous medium; the fine titanium oxide powder has an average particle diameter of from 0.001 .mu.m to 0.2 .mu.m and a hydrophobicity of from 20% to 80%.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a member to be charged for carrying an electrostatic image, a contact-charging means for charging the member to be charged in contact with the member to be charged, and a developing means for developing the electrostatic image carried on the member to be charged. The developing means includes a developer for developing the electrostatic image comprising a toner and hydrophobic inorganic fine powder. The hydrophobic fine powder has a hydrophobicity of 60% or higher and the toner has a volume average particle size of 4-8 microns. The hydrophobic inorganic fine powder not only improves the fluidity of the developer and adjusts the chargeability of the developer but also prevents difficulties due to interaction between the member to be charged and the contact charging means in the presence of residual developer, such as damages of the member to be charged and toner-sticking onto the member to be charged.

Abstract: An image forming method includes the steps of:(1) forming a first unfixed image of color toner on one side of a transfer material, wherein the color toner has a weight average particle size of 3 to 7 .mu.m and includes color toner particles having a particle size of 4 .mu.m or less in a range of 10 to 70 by number, color toner particles having a particle size of 5.04 .mu.m or less in a range of 40% by number or more, color toner particles having a particle size of 8 .mu.m or more in a range of 2 to 20% by volume, and color toner particles having a particle size of 10.08 .mu.

Abstract: A carrier for electrophotography has carrier particles. The carrier has a 50% average particle diameter (D.sub.50) of from 15 .mu.m to 45 .mu.m and contains from 1% to 20% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 22 .mu.m, not more than 3% of carrier particles with a size smaller than 16 .mu.m, from 2% to 15% of carrier particles with a size of 62 .mu.m or larger, and not more than 2% of carrier particles with a size of 88 .mu.m or larger. The carrier has a specific surface area S.sub.1 as measured by an air-permeability method and a specific surface area S.sub.2 as calculated by the following expression:S.sub.2 =(6/.rho..D.sub.50).times.10.sup.4wherein .rho. is a specific gravity of carrier; satisfying the following condition:1.2.ltoreq.S.sub.1 /S.sub.2 .ltoreq.2.0.

Abstract: An image forming method, including the steps of: developing an electrostatic image formed on an electrostatic image-bearing member with a developer to form thereon thereon a developed image, the developer containing 100 wt. parts of a toner and 0.05 to 3 wt. parts of fine powder treated with a silicone oil or silicone varnish; and transferring the developed image on the electrostatic image-bearing member to a transfer material while causing a transfer device, such as a roller or belt to contact the electrostatic image-bearing member by the medium of the transfer material under a line pressure of 3 g/cm or higher.

Abstract: A color toner for developing an electrostatic image contains a binder resin and a colorant. The color toner has a weight average particle diameter of from 3 .mu.m to 7 .mu.m. The color toner contains from 10% to 70% by number of color toner particles with a particle diameter of 4.00 .mu.m or smaller, not less than 40% by number of color toner particles with a particle diameter of 5.04 .mu.m or smaller, from 2% to 20% by volume of color toner particles with a particle diameter of 8.00 .mu.m or larger, and not more than 6% by volume of color toner particles with a particle diameter of 10.08 .mu.m or larger. The color toner has such a coloring power that an image having been fixed on a transfer medium has an image density (D.sub.0.5) of from 1.0 to 1.8 when an unfixed color toner on the transfer medium is in a quantity (M/S) of 0.50 mg/cm.sup.2.