Abstract: A lens array included in a display switching device according to one or more embodiments may include a portion having a greater average of curvature radii of microlenses at a greater distance from a predetermined lens reference position on a surface of the lens array including the microlenses.

Abstract: The combine may include a threshing tank that is configured to store a threshing product obtained by the threshing device and includes a lower tapered portion formed in a bottom portion. A bottom screw is provided inside the lower tapered portion and configured to discharge the threshing product from the threshing tank. A threshing discharge device is connected to the bottom screw and configured to convey the threshing product from the bottom screw and discharge the threshing product in a body outward direction. The threshing tank includes an inspection port formed in a bottom section of the lower tapered portion, and a lid configured to open and close the inspection port, and the lid opens and closes by swinging upward and downward about a swing axis that is not parallel with a screw axis of the bottom screw.

Abstract: An information bit stream having a valid bit stream and an invalid bit stream is acquired. From the transmission data included in the valid bit stream of the information bit stream, some pieces of transmission data are extracted as first transmission data. An information bit stream having a valid bit stream including the first transmission data and an invalid bit stream are outputted as a first information bit stream in which the first transmission data is transmitted at a first speed. From the transmission data included in the valid bit stream of the acquired information bit stream, transmission data other than the first transmission data is extracted as second transmission data. An information bit stream having a valid bit stream including the second transmission data and an invalid bit stream as a second information bit stream in which the second transmission data is transmitted at a second speed is outputted.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a keyword detection device includes a memory and one or more processors coupled to the memory. The one or more processors are configured to: detect a phrase related to a keyword from text information that is a recognition result of input information represented in a predetermined input form; calculate output similarities conforming to similarities between the phrase and the keywords included in a keyword list in which, for each of a plurality of the keywords, keyword notation of the corresponding keyword is associated with keyword form information representing the corresponding keyword in an input form; and output the keywords in the keyword list according to the output similarities.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus, includes an image sensor, a drive mechanism configured to cause the image sensor to move in a first direction and a second direction opposite to the first direction, a reference plate, and a control unit configured to execute a first reading method of detecting a first reference position by driving the image sensor in the first direction and reading the reference plate, thereafter reading a document by driving the image sensor in the first direction, and a second reading method of detecting a second reference position by driving the image sensor in the second direction and reading the reference plate, and thereafter reading a document by driving the image sensor in the second direction.

Abstract: An error correction coding apparatus that performs error correction coding using, as an error correction code sequence, a frame of m bits×n symbols input in m-bit parallel, where m and n are positive integers, includes: an error correction coding circuit that performs error correction coding using, as information bits, m bits×n symbols including known bits assigned to a bit sequence specified in the error correction code sequence and generate error correction coded parity bits; and a selector that replaces the known bits of the error correction code sequence with the parity bits.

Abstract: An error correction coding apparatus that performs error correction coding using, as an error correction code sequence, a frame of m bits×n symbols input in m-bit parallel, where m and n are positive integers, includes: an error correction coding circuit that performs error correction coding using, as information bits, m bits×n symbols including known bits assigned to a bit sequence specified in the error correction code sequence and generate error correction coded parity bits; and a selector that replaces the known bits of the error correction code sequence with the parity bits.

Abstract: An optical transceiver includes processing circuitry to calculate, when test signals are sent to a transmission line from a transmitter and a receiver receives the test signals having passed through a wavelength filter, a bandwidth of the received test signals, the transmitter generating, as the test signals, a collection of narrowband signals, the narrowband signals having a narrower bandwidth than a bandwidth of the wavelength filter and having different frequencies, and the wavelength filter included in an optical splitter inserted in the transmission line, and the collection of narrowband signals including a narrowband signal having a higher frequency than a highest frequency in the bandwidth of the wavelength filter and a narrowband signal having a lower frequency than a lowest frequency in the bandwidth of the wavelength filter, and to determine a modulation rate and a modulation level of the transmission signal depending on the calculated bandwidth.

Abstract: An error correction encoding device includes an encoding unit to generate soft decision error correction frame information including a bit array of m rows and N columns obtained by combining first bit string group information and second bit string group information, the first bit string group information including a bit array of m rows and N1 columns in which it is enabled to perform pulse amplitude modulation of a combination of bit values of each column of the first bit string group information into a modulation symbol by using a first symbol mapping rule, the second bit string group information including a bit array of m rows and N2 columns in which it is enabled to perform pulse amplitude modulation of a combination of bit values of each column of the second bit string group information into a modulation symbol by using a second symbol mapping rule.

Abstract: A cutting apparatus is provided. The cutting apparatus includes a cutter disposed in a conveying path for conveying a plate-shaped object and configured to cut the object, a downstream conveyor disposed downstream of the cutter in the conveying path and configured to convey the object, and a foreign-matter adhesion preventer disposed between the cutter and the downstream conveyor and configured to prevent foreign matter scattered by the cutter from adhering to the downstream conveyor.

Abstract: A subchannel encoding device is configured to include: a probability distribution shaping-encoding unit for dividing M×N (M is an integer of two or more, and N is an integer of one or more) subchannels into N groups, shaping a probability distribution of transmission modulation symbols of each group on the basis of signal-to-noise ratios of the M×N subchannels, and converting an information bit string into a shaped bit string corresponding to the probability distribution of the transmission modulation symbols of each group; a subchannel signal generating unit for generating each subchannel signal in the M×N subchannels from the shaped bit string; and a signal multiplexing unit for multiplexing the M×N subchannel signals generated by the subchannel signal generating unit to generate a subchannel multiplexed signal.

Abstract: Provided is an optical transmission device including: a symbol demapping unit; a likelihood generation circuit configured to generate likelihoods relating to the reception signal; and an error correction decoding unit configured to execute soft decision decoding. The likelihood generation circuit includes: a first one-dimensional-modulation lookup table configured to input the signal of the I-axis component as an argument to output a first likelihood; a second one-dimensional-modulation lookup table configured to input the signal of the Q-axis component as an argument to output a second likelihood; and a two-dimensional-modulation lookup table configured to input, as an argument, the signal being the concatenation of the signal of the I-axis component and the signal of the Q-axis component, to generate a third likelihood. The error correction decoding unit is configured to execute the soft decision decoding based on the first likelihood, the second likelihood, and the third likelihood.

Abstract: An optical space communications transmission and reception terminal includes: an optical transceiver to convert transmission data into a transmission optical signal modulated at a symbol rate synchronized with a transmission clock signal and output it, and generate received data from a reception optical signal; an intensity modulation unit to generate an intensity-modulated transmission optical signal; a transmission clock source to supply a transmission clock signal; a fiber coupling unit) to output the intensity-modulated transmission optical signal as collimated light and couple the input optical signal to an optical fiber; an optical fiber amplifier to amplify the optical signal coupled to the optical fiber; a tracking mirror to output the optical signal to the fiber coupling unit and output the transmission optical signal to space; and an angle sensor to output a clock signal extracted from the optical signal divided by a beam splitter to the optical transceiver.

Abstract: In a distribution shaping method, information compression and distribution shaping are executed at the same time. A symbol sequence of a predetermined length is allocated to an input bit sequence of a predetermined length on a one-to-one basis. In the allocation, a bit sequence smaller in entropy is allocated a symbol sequence smaller in average power.

Abstract: A transmission code processing device includes: a signal point arrangement shaping encoding unit to perform conversion into a shaped bit of mi column; a systematic error correction encoding unit to generate a parity bit of mp column based on the shaped bit; a first symbol mapping unit to convert the shaped bit into a first modulation symbol; a second symbol mapping unit to convert the parity bit into a second modulation symbol; and a symbol multiplexing unit to multiplex the first and second modulation symbols, in which the first modulation symbol has one element in a first signal point set including ci signal point including an origin, the second modulation symbol has one element in cp signal point not including the origin, and the signal point arrangement shaping encoding unit performs signal point arrangement shaping in which the first modulation symbol has one element in the first signal point set.

Abstract: A transmission/reception device is configured to convert an optical signal based on a plurality of first optical signals having frequency bands different from each other into an electric signal and output the electric signal as a plurality of first electric signals; receive the plurality of first electric signals, change frequency bands of some or all of a plurality of second electric signals to narrow an interval between frequency bands of two second electric signals having frequency bands adjacent to each other, and output, as third electric signals, electric signals; to receive a plurality of the third electric signals, combine and output the plurality of third electric signals as a fourth electric signal; and receive the fourth electric signal, convert the fourth electric signal into an optical signal, and output the optical signal as a second optical signal.

Abstract: An error correction encoding device includes an encoding unit to generate soft decision error correction frame information including a bit array of m rows and N columns obtained by combining first bit string group information and second bit string group information, the first bit string group information including a bit array of m rows and N1 columns in which it is enabled to perform pulse amplitude modulation of a combination of bit values of each column of the first bit string group information into a modulation symbol by using a first symbol mapping rule, the second bit string group information including a bit array of m rows and N2 columns in which it is enabled to perform pulse amplitude modulation of a combination of bit values of each column of the second bit string group information into a modulation symbol by using a second symbol mapping rule.

Abstract: In a distribution matching circuit, output data of a plurality of LUTs forming a hierarchical tree structure sequentially designates a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by an LUT in an immediately lower level, and signal point information after distribution matching is output for each LUT in the lowermost level.

Abstract: A spatial optical transmitter modulates an optical signal of a single wavelength in accordance with a signal to be transmitted, divides the modulated optical signal into two, rotates polarizations of the two divided optical signals, and transmits the two optical signals as optical signals of two orthogonal polarizations to space.

Abstract: An optical transceiver includes processing circuitry to calculate, when test signals are sent to a transmission line from a transmitter and a receiver receives the test signals having passed through a wavelength filter, a bandwidth of the received test signals, the transmitter generating, as the test signals, a collection of narrowband signals, the narrowband signals having a narrower bandwidth than a bandwidth of the wavelength filter and having different frequencies, and the wavelength filter included in an optical splitter inserted in the transmission line, and the collection of narrowband signals including a narrowband signal having a higher frequency than a highest frequency in the bandwidth of the wavelength filter and a narrowband signal having a lower frequency than a lowest frequency in the bandwidth of the wavelength filter, and to determine a modulation rate and a modulation level of the transmission signal depending on the calculated bandwidth.