Abstract: An OLED comprises an anode, a hole source, an emissive region, an electron source and a cathode, wherein the materials for the electron source and the hole source are chosen such that the electrical conductivity of these charge carrier sources is greater than the electrical conductivity of the emissive region. In particular, the electrical conductivity of the source layers is between 10?8 to 102 S/cm. Furthermore, one or both of the hole source and the electron source are made substantially of one or more inorganic materials. The emissive region can have one or more layers of organic material. The materials for the emissive region are insulators. The cathode can be made of a metal such as Mg:Ag and Al, and the anode is made of ITO or the like. The electrical conductivity of the cathode and the anode is significantly higher than 102 S/cm.

Abstract: An OLED comprises an anode, a hole source, an emissive region, an electron source and a cathode, wherein the materials for the electron source and the hole source are chosen such that the electrical conductivity of these charge carrier sources is greater than the electrical conductivity of the emissive region. In particular, the electrical conductivity of the source layers is between 10?8 to 102 S/cm. Furthermore, one or both of the hole source and the electron source are made substantially of one or more inorganic materials. The emissive region can have one or more layers of organic material. The materials for the emissive region are insulators. The cathode can be made of a metal such as Mg:Ag and Al, and the anode is made of ITO or the like. The electrical conductivity of the cathode and the anode is significantly higher than 102 S/cm.

Abstract: A method of modifying a work function of a conductor surface for use in organic light emitting devices. A plasma treatment is performed on the conductive layer. The plasma treatment employs a mixing gas comprising a nitrogen-containing gas for decreasing the work function and an oxygen-containing gas for increasing the work function. A flow ratio of the nitrogen-containing gas to the oxygen-containing gas is controlled to modify the work function.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) and a display incorporating the same are provided. The OELD includes an anode, a cathode, an emissive layer, a hole source and an electron source. The emissive layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The hole source is disposed between the anode and the emissive layer. The electron source is disposed between the cathode and the emissive layer. The electron source is made from at least an organic material and at least a salt. The salt in the electron source has a concentration with a spatial distribution such that the concentration of the salt in the part of the electron source adjacent to the cathode is higher than the concentration of the salt in another part of the electron source adjacent to the emissive layer.

Abstract: An opto-electronic device, such as an OLED or organic solar cell, having an electrode structure for use as a cathode. The electrode structure includes an electrically conductive layer and an inorganic layer, wherein the inorganic layer is made of at least one oxide-based alkali or alkaline earth metal intercalation compound. The intercalation compound having the chemical formula of Ax(MxOz), where x, y, z are positive integers greater than zero, A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth element, M is a metal, transitional metal or metallic alloy, and O is oxygen. Furthermore, a buffer layer made of alkali oxides or halides, or alkaline earth oxides or halides can be provided between the conductive layer and the inorganic layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) is provided. The OELD includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer and two emissive layers. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed over the substrate. The hole transport layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electron transport layer is disposed between the second electrode and the hole transport layer. The emissive layers are disposed between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. One of the emissive layers is a fluorescent emissive layer and another one of the emissive layers is a phosphorescent emissive layer. The visible light of the fluorescent emissive layer and the phosphorescent emissive layer are not absorbed by each other and the visible light spectrums of the fluorescent emissive layer and the phosphorescent emissive layer are not affected by each other.

Abstract: An OLED comprises an anode, a hole source, an emissive region, an electron source and a cathode, wherein the materials for the electron source and the hole source are chosen such that the electrical conductivity of these charge carrier sources is greater than the electrical conductivity of the emissive region. In particular, the electrical conductivity of the source layers is between 10?8 to 102 S/cm. Furthermore, one or both of the hole source and the electron source are made substantially of one or more inorganic materials. The emissive region can have one or more layers of organic material. The materials for the emissive region are insulators. The cathode can be made of a metal such as Mg:Ag and Al, and the anode is made of ITO or the like. The electrical conductivity of the cathode and the anode is significantly higher than 102 S/cm.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device having a light emitting layer. The light emitting layer comprises an asymmetrically organometallic chelating complex in the amount of A by weight, a polyamine compound having the chemical formula containing two or more tertiaryamines in the amount of B by weight, and a phosphorescent material in the amount of C by weight, where C is much less than the sum of A and B.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) is provided. The OELD includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer and two emissive layers. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed over the substrate. The hole transport layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electron transport layer is disposed between the second electrode and the hole transport layer. The emissive layers are disposed between the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer. One of the emissive layers is a fluorescent emissive layer and another one of the emissive layers is a phosphorescent emissive layer. The visible light of the fluorescent emissive layer and the phosphorescent emissive layer are not absorbed by each other and the visible light spectrums of the fluorescent emissive layer and the phosphorescent emissive layer are not affected by each other.

Abstract: An opto-electronic device, such as an OLED or organic solar cell, having an electrode structure for use as a cathode. The electrode structure includes an electrically conductive layer and an inorganic layer, wherein the inorganic layer is made of at least one oxide-based alkali or alkaline earth metal intercalation compound. The intercalation compound having the chemical formula of Ax(MxOz), where x, y, z are positive integers greater than zero, A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth element, M is a metal, transitional metal or metallic alloy, and O is oxygen. Furthermore, a buffer layer made of alkali oxides or halides, or alkaline earth oxides or halides can be provided between the conductive layer and the inorganic layer.

Abstract: An opto-electronic device, such as an OLED or organic solar cell, having an electrode structure for use as a cathode. The electrode structure includes an electrically conductive layer and an inorganic layer, wherein the inorganic layer is made of at least one oxide-based alkali or alkaline earth metal intercalation compound. The intercalation compound having the chemical formula of Ax(MxOz), where x, y, z are positive integers greater than zero, A is an alkali metal or alkaline earth element, M is a metal, transitional metal or metallic alloy, and O is oxygen. Furthermore, a buffer layer made of alkali oxides or halides, or alkaline earth oxides or halides can be provided between the conductive layer and the inorganic layer.

Abstract: This invention discloses a phosphorescent OLED having a light emitting layer thereof contains a host material and dopant materials comprising phosphorescent dopant and triarylamine. The triarylamine has a HOMO value less than that of the host material, as Balq (5.7 eV), thereby decreasing driving voltage and increasing lifetime of the OLED devices.

Abstract: A phosphorescent OLED has a light emitting layer which includes a phosphorescent host material, an exiton blocking material, and a phosphorescent dopant. The invention obviates the use of a hole blocking layer while substantially preventing hole diffusion to the electron transport layer.

Abstract: An OLED comprises an anode, a hole source, an emissive region, an electron source and a cathode, wherein the materials for the electron source and the hole source are chosen such that the electrical conductivity of these charge carrier sources is greater than the electrical conductivity of the emissive region. In particular, the electrical conductivity of the source layers is between 10?8 to 102 S/cm. Furthermore, one or both of the hole source and the electron source are made substantially of one or more inorganic materials. The emissive region can have one or more layers of organic material. The materials for the emissive region are insulators. The cathode can be made of a metal such as Mg:Ag and Al, and the anode is made of ITO or the like. The electrical conductivity of the cathode and the anode is significantly higher than 102 S/cm.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) and a display incorporating the same are provided. The OELD includes an anode, a cathode, an emissive layer, a hole source and an electron source. The emissive layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The hole source is disposed between the anode and the emissive layer. The electron source is disposed between the cathode and the emissive layer. The electron source is made from at least an organic material and at least a salt. The salt in the electron source has a concentration with a spatial distribution such that the concentration of the salt in the part of the electron source adjacent to the cathode is higher than the concentration of the salt in another part of the electron source adjacent to the emissive layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device (OELD) is provided. The OELD includes a substrate, an anode, a cathode, a hole transport layer, a phosphorescent emission layer and a hole blocking layer. The anode and the cathode opposite to the anode are disposed over the substrate. The phosphorescent emission layer is disposed between the anode and the cathode. The phosphorescent emission layer is composed of an octahedral structured emission material. The hole transport layer is disposed between the anode and the phosphorescent emission layer. The hole blocking layer is disposed between the phosphorescent emission layer and the cathode.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode and a display apparatus. The organic light-emitting diode includes a cathode, an anode, an emitting layer disposed between the cathode and the anode, a doped electron transport layer disposed between the cathode and the emitting layer, and a metallic ion capture layer, disposed between the doped electron transport layer and the emitting layer, for capturing metallic ions diffused from the doped electron transport layer. The display including the organic light-emitting diode.

Abstract: A method of modifying a work function of a conductor surface for use in organic light emitting devices. A plasma treatment is performed on the conductive layer. The plasma treatment employs a mixing gas comprising a nitrogen-containing gas for decreasing the work function and an oxygen-containing gas for increasing the work function. A flow ratio of the nitrogen-containing gas to the oxygen-containing gas is controlled to modify the work function.

Abstract: A phosphorescent organic light emitting device having a homogeneous structure for the blocking layer and emissive layer combination. The homogeneous structure comprises substantially a single material for both the blocking layer and the host material for the emissive layer. Alternatively, the blocking layer and the host material for the emissive layer are selected from one or more of BAlq, SAlq and PAlq. The homogenous structure is disposed between an electron source and a hole source. The electron source comprises an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and cathode. The hole source comprises a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer and an anode. The emissive layer is doped with a guest phosphor dopant. Additionally, a buffer layer containing LiF and Al, or layers of CuPc, Al and LiF are disposed between the cathode and the electron transport layer.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent device comprising a light emitting layer including guest material and host material having formula (I): wherein R1, R2 and R3 individually represent H or substituent, R4 represents alkyl, alkenyl, heteroaryl, aryl group with or without substituent, q is an integer of 0 to 4, m is an integer of 1 to 3, n is an integer of 1 to 3, and m+n=4.