Abstract: Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, which comprises: at least one cell (2) provided with at least one flow-through capacitor (4) provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated is susceptible to flow; electrical power supply means (13) adapted to supply a direct supply voltage (VA); a modulation circuit (14) connected in input to the electrical power supply means (13) in order to receive the supply voltage (VA) and provided with switches (22?, 22?; 23?, 23?) actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of each capacitor (4).

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a fluid, which comprises a plurality of superimposed cells that are assembled and compressed together to form a stack by fixing means. Each cell comprises at least one chamber delimited by two facing containment layers and provided with an inlet opening and with an outlet opening for the passage of a fluid to be treated. Each chamber perimetrically arranges first sealing means for sealing it with fluid seal and houses at least one electrode layer for treating the fluid. According to the invention, each chamber comprise at least two support layers, e.g. rigid, made of plastic material, each of which being mechanically fixed to one of the two containment layers advantageously formed by the same electrode layers.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises an ion absorption cell (2) traversed by a fluid to be treated (F1) containing cationic particles and/or anionic particles, provided with a containment structure (3) defining at its interior two operating chambers (4, 5) traversed by the fluid to be treated (F1), and each delimited by a respective electrode (10, 11) that can be power supplied to opposite polarities. Between the two operating chambers (4, 5), a third evacuation chamber (13) is interposed, containing a porous electrical conductor (18) traversed by a washing fluid (F2) and delimited by two opposite walls (16, 17) which together with the electrodes (10, 11) define the aforesaid operating chambers (4, 5). The aforesaid walls (16, 17) have at least one ion-selective area associated, which is susceptible to being traversed by charged particles with corresponding polarity contained in the two contiguous operating chambers (4, 5) subjected to the action of the electric field generated by the electrodes.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a fluid, which comprises at least one pair of electrode layers power supplied to different polarities, delimiting between them a passage chamber for a first fluid flow containing ionized particles and exerting hydraulic pressure on at least one surface of such electrode layers. Each electrode layer comprises a metal conduction layer electrically connected to a power supply and at least one layer of graphite having a wet surface directed towards the passage chamber and a dry surface compressed, by the hydraulic pressure exerted by the first fluid contained in the passage chamber, directly in adherence against the metal conduction layer, in order to distribute the current of the power supply from the metal conduction layer to the layer of graphite.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a liquid, which comprises a container housing multiple closed cells, each delimited by an anionic membrane and by a cationic membrane, and multiple open cells, susceptible of being traversed by a liquid to be treated and each interposed between two adjacent closed cells. The apparatus also comprises two electrodes which are supplied with supply voltages with reversed polarities in order to push the ionized particles of the liquid into the closed cells during an operating phase, and in order to bring the ionized particles back into the open cells during a regeneration phase. The apparatus also comprises a polymer substance having functional groups with non-zero electric charge, which is contained inside the closed cells in order to create chemical bonds with the ionized particles of the liquid that enter therein.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises at least one ion absorption cell (2) with an operating chamber (4, 5) at its interior through which a first operative fluid (F1) flows and an evacuation chamber (13, 13?) through which a second operative fluid (F2, F2?) flows and which is separated from the operating chamber (4,5) by a filtering membrane (100). A porous electrical conductor (18) is housed in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?) and is traversed by the second operative fluid (F2, F2?). Two electrodes (A, B) have the aforesaid operating chamber (4, 5) and evacuation chamber (13, 13?) interposed, and are supplied with opposite polarities in order to generate an operative electric field in the operating chamber (4, 5) and a limited electric field in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?), the latter with value lower than the operative electric field, due to the shielding effect of the porous electrical conductor (18).

Abstract: Plant for desalinating water of a water supply system, which comprises one or more tanks for accumulating water (2) in an immiscible manner, in order to store a softened supply thereof, provided with a first inlet connection (3) and with a first outlet connection (4) respectively connected to a feeding pipe (5) connected to the water supply system (50) and to an extraction pipe (6) for supplying users. The plant (1) also comprises a filtering unit (10) for water softening, for example obtained with a flow-through condenser (10?) or with a reverse osmosis membrane filter (10?), connected in parallel to the tank (2) with second inlet connection (11) and second outlet connection (12) respectively hydraulically connected to the first inlet connection (3) and to the first outlet connection (4) of the tank (2).

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises electrode layers facing each other, power supplied to different polarities with spacer layers interposed, and traversed by a flow of fluid to be treated containing ionized particles. The electrode layers and the spacer layers are wound as a spiral around a longitudinal extension axis inside the suitably cylindrical containment structure. The power supply comprises a pair of collectors that are extended with portions inside the winding connected to the corresponding first internal sides of the electrode layers at the longitudinal extension axis.

Abstract: Method for treating a fluid containing ionized particles, by means of an apparatus provided with a hydraulic circuit (100) intercepted by an immiscible storage tank and by a cyclically regenerating filtering unit (3, 3A, 3B), connected in parallel to the tank. The following are provided for: a supply pipe connected to the hydraulic circuit (100) upstream of the immiscible storage tank for introducing fluid to be purified and an extraction pipe (9) connected to the hydraulic circuit (100) downstream of the filtering unit (3, 3A, 3B) for conveying purified fluid to the user.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises at least one ion absorption cell (2) with an operating chamber (4, 5) at its interior through which a first operative fluid (F1) flows and an evacuation chamber (13, 13?) through which a second operative fluid (F2, F2?) flows and which is separated from the operating chamber (4,5) by a filtering membrane (100). A porous electrical conductor (18) is housed in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?) and is traversed by the second operative fluid (F2, F2?). Two electrodes (A, B) have the aforesaid operating chamber (4, 5) and evacuation chamber (13, 13?) interposed, and are supplied with opposite polarities in order to generate an operative electric field in the operating chamber (4, 5) and a limited electric field in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?), the latter with value lower than the operative electric field, due to the shielding effect of the porous electrical conductor (18).

Abstract: Operating method of an apparatus for purifying a fluid by means of an apparatus provided with an even number of cells, each of which comprises at least one lead through condenser and is electrically connected to a direct current power supply. The method foresees cyclically repeating, for each cell, a charging step, in which the power supply charges the electrodes of the cell at different polarity; a service step, in which a flow of fluid to be treated is forced to pass through the electrodes of the lead through condenser of the cell with progressive build-up of the ionized particles of the fluid on the electrodes; and a regeneration step, in which the electrodes are discharged and a flow of washing fluid is forced to pass in the condenser of the cell with consequent removal of the ionized particles built up on the electrodes.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid through a through-flow condenser, which includes a tank of solubilizing product and a mechanism for inserting it into a momentarily interrupted supply conduit. After having inserted a measured dose of solubilizing product received from a tank into the same supply conduit, a logic control unit controls its forward motion in the condenser through the passage of a fluid transportation flow rate measured to transport the dose of solubilizing product up to the electrodes of the condenser.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a fluid, which comprises a plurality of superimposed cells that are assembled and compressed together to form a stack by fixing means. Each cell comprises at least one chamber delimited by two facing containment layers and provided with an inlet opening and with an outlet opening for the passage of a fluid to be treated. Each chamber perimetrically arranges first sealing means for sealing it with fluid seal and houses at least one electrode layer for treating the fluid. According to the invention, each chamber comprise at least two support layers, e.g. rigid, made of plastic material, each of which being mechanically fixed to one of the two containment layers advantageously formed by the same electrode layers.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises electrode layers facing each other, power supplied to different polarities with spacer layers interposed, and traversed by a flow of fluid to be treated containing ionized particles. The electrode layers and the spacer layers are wound as a spiral around a longitudinal extension axis inside the suitably cylindrical containment structure. The power supply comprises a pair of collectors that are extended with portions inside the winding connected to the corresponding first internal sides of the electrode layers at the longitudinal extension axis.

Abstract: Apparatus for treating a fluid, which comprises at least one pair of electrode layers power supplied to different polarities, delimiting between them a passage chamber for a first fluid flow containing ionized particles and exerting hydraulic pressure on at least one surface of such electrode layers. Each electrode layer comprises a metal conduction layer electrically connected to a power supply and at least one layer of graphite having a wet surface directed towards the passage chamber and a dry surface compressed, by the hydraulic pressure exerted by the first fluid contained in the passage chamber, directly in adherence against the metal conduction layer, in order to distribute the current of the power supply from the metal conduction layer to the layer of graphite.

Abstract: Apparatus (1) for purifying a fluid, which comprises a first ion absorption cell (2), provided with a first chamber, through which a fluid to be treated flows containing cationic particles and anionic particles, and a second (9) and a third (15) chamber respectively containing a first electrode (13) positively charged and a second electrode (18) negatively charged by a first power supply source (14). The first chamber is separated from the second (9) and from the third (15) chamber respectively by means of a first septum (19) and a second septum (20) permeable to the anionic particles and cationic particles of the fluid the to be treated. Extraction means (100) are also provided for continuously removing the anionic particles and the cationic particles respectively absorbed by the first operative slurry and by the second operative slurry.

Abstract: Apparatus with flow-through capacitors for the purification of a liquid, which comprises: at least one cell (2) provided with at least one flow-through capacitor (4) provided with two or more electrodes facing each other, between which a liquid to be treated is susceptible to flow; electrical power supply means (13) adapted to supply a direct supply voltage (VA); a modulation circuit (14) connected in input to the electrical power supply means (13) in order to receive the supply voltage (VA) and provided with switches (22?, 22?; 23?, 23?) actuatable to apply at least one operating voltage between the facing electrodes of each capacitor (4).

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises at least one ion absorption cell (2) with an operating chamber (4, 5) at its interior through which a first operative fluid (F1) flows and an evacuation chamber (13, 13?) through which a second operative fluid (F2, F2?) flows and which is separated from the operating chamber (4,5) by a filtering membrane (100). A porous electrical conductor (18) is housed in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?) and is traversed by the second operative fluid (F2, F2?). Two electrodes (A, B) have the aforesaid operating chamber (4, 5) and evacuation chamber (13, 13?) interposed, and are supplied with opposite polarities in order to generate an operative electric field in the operating chamber (4, 5) and a limited electric field in the evacuation chamber (13, 13?), the latter with value lower than the operative electric field, due to the shielding effect of the porous electrical conductor (18).

Abstract: Method for treating a fluid containing ionized particles, by means of an apparatus provided with a hydraulic circuit (100) intercepted by an immiscible storage tank and by a cyclically regenerating filtering unit (3, 3A, 3B), connected in parallel to the tank. The following are provided for: a supply pipe connected to the hydraulic circuit (100) upstream of the immiscible storage tank for introducing fluid to be purified and an extraction pipe (9) connected to the hydraulic circuit (100) downstream of the filtering unit (3, 3A, 3B) for conveying purified fluid to the user.

Abstract: Apparatus for purifying a fluid, which comprises an ion absorption cell (2) traversed by a fluid to be treated (F1) containing cationic particles and/or anionic particles, provided with a containment structure (3) defining at its interior two operating chambers (4, 5) traversed by the fluid to be treated (F1), and each delimited by a respective electrode (10, 11) that can be power supplied to opposite polarities. Between the two operating chambers (4, 5), a third evacuation chamber (13) is interposed, containing a porous electrical conductor (18) traversed by a washing fluid (F2) and delimited by two opposite walls (16, 17) which together with the electrodes (10, 11) define the aforesaid operating chambers (4, 5). The aforesaid walls (16, 17) have at least one ion-selective area associated, which is susceptible to being traversed by charged particles with corresponding polarity contained in the two contiguous operating chambers (4, 5) subjected to the action of the electric field generated by the electrodes.