Abstract: Control system for electroslag remelting having a block for recording arc discharges, the input of which is connected to the current-carrying bus bar of a crystallization mold, while its output is connected to a block for switching over the rate of electrode feed, to the second input of which there is connected the output of a presetting block, and the output of the block for switching over the rate of feed of the electrode is connected via a regulator to an actuating mechanism. The current-carrying bus bar is connected to a block for recording the rectifier valve effect, the output of which is connected via a block for operation switch-over to a third input of the block for switching-over the rate of electrode feed.

Abstract: A method in which the melt is first treated with solid alloying additives and an alloying gas, and then the casting operation is effected. There is produced a differential between the pressures in the space for additional saturation with alloying gas and in the space where the casting takes place.An apparatus for practicing the above method comprising an induction furnace in a first hermetic chamber, and a second hermetic chamber inside which there is mounted a casting mold. The induction furnace and the first hermetic chamber are interconnected with the second hermetic chamber via a movable launder. Above the one end of the movable launder there is mounted a siphon, underneath its other end there is disposed an tundish, which is mounted inside the first hermetic chamber and is gas-tightly sealed against a separating plate, attached to the second hermetic chamber containing the casting mold. The tundish is provided with a bottom for blowing-through with alloying gas.

Abstract: A method of and an apparatus for controlling an electroslag remelting furnace in which the passage of the electrode through limiting slag levels defining a no-arc zone of operation results in arcing which produces an electromagnetic emission which is detected by a separating filter and is used to control a drive for the electrode.

Abstract: An electroslag-furnace electrode balancing system in which a pair of double-acting cylinders is connected by a flexible cable passing over pulleys mounted on the electrode carrier, the cylinders being selectively connected to ambient and furnace pressure so that the applied gas pressure balances the pressures to which the electrode may be subject in the furnace.

Abstract: An apparatus for nitriding metal materials and ferroalloys under pressure in which a melting furnace is positioned above a pulverizing chamber and connected thereto, with an intake chamber, provided with a pulverizer, disposed in between with a dust-catching cyclone having a suction collector being connected to the upper portion of the pulverizing chamber. An exchange hopper is connected to an outlet formed in the lower portion of the pulverizing chamber and feeds into an inlet end of a pipe furnace which in turn, feeds into an intermediate hopper. An end hopper is positioned beneath the intermediate hopper and connected thereto and feeds into a briquetting installation. Separate pipe conduit systems are connected to the various elements of the apparatus for supplying pressurized nitrogen thereto or for the evacuation thereof.