Abstract: Asymmetric films, methods of making asymmetric films, and uses of asymmetric films. A method may include using at least two different solvents and at least one homopolymer and at least one block copolymer that can undergo self assembly, where the solvents are immiscible and have different surface tension, where, on film formation, all or substantially all of the block copolymer(s) migrate to an exterior surface of the homopolymer. The asymmetric films may include an isoporous region or layer and an asymmetric region or layer, where the asymmetric region does not include 10 percent by weight or more of the multiblock copolymer(s) and/or the isoporous region/layer and the asymmetric pore region/layer are not independently (or separately) formed and/or not laminated together to form the asymmetric film. The films can be used in devices, such as, for example, filtration devices.

Abstract: A method providing direct access to porous three-dimensionally (3D) continuous polymer network structures and shapes by combining BCP-resol co-assembly with CO2 laser-induced transient heating. The CO2 laser source transiently heats the BCP-directed resol hybrid films to high temperatures at the beam position, inducing locally controlled resol thermopolymerization and BCP decomposition in ambient conditions. This enables shaping of BCP-directed porous resin structures with tunable 3D interconnected pores in a single process. Pore size can be varied from 10 nm to about 600 nm.

Abstract: Described is a versatile surface modification approach to, for example, modularly and orthogonally functionalize nanoparticles (NPs) such as, for example, PEGylated nanoparticles, ith various types of different functional ligands (functional groups) on the NP surface. It enables the synthesis of, for example, penta-functional PEGylated nanoparticles integrating a variety of properties into a single NP, e.g., fluorescence detection, specific cell targeting, radioisotope chelating/labeling, ratiometric pH sensing, and drug delivery, while the overall NP size remains, for example, below 10 nm.

Abstract: An aqueous synthesis methodology for the preparation of silica nanoparticles (SNPs), core-shell SNPs having, for example, a size of 2 to 15 nm and narrow size-dispersion with size control below 1 nm, i.e. at the level of a single atomic layer. Different types of dyes, including near infrared (NIR) emitters, can be covalently encapsulated within and brightness can be enhanced via addition of extra silica shells. The surface may be functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups and, optionally, specific surface ligands. This aqueous synthesis methodology also enables synthesis of 2 to 15 nm sized fluorescent core and core-shell aluminosilicate nanoparticles (ASNPs) which may also be surface functionalized. Encapsulation efficiency and brightness of highly negatively charged NIR fluorophores is enhanced relative to the corresponding SNPs without aluminum.

Abstract: A method for forming an isoporous graded film comprising multiblock copolymers and isoporous graded films. The films have a surface layer and a bulk layer. The surface layer can have at least 1×1014 pores/m2 and a pore size distribution (dmax/dmin)) of less than 3. The bulk layer has an asymmetric structure. The films can be used in filtration applications.

Abstract: Asymmetric porous films, methods of making, and devices. An asymmetric porous film may have a surface layer, which may be an isoporous surface layer, disposed on a substructure, which may be a graded porous substructure that may have mesopores throughout. An asymmetric porous film may be a hybrid asymmetric porous film comprising one or more precursor(s). An asymmetric porous film may include one or more carbon material(s), one or more metalloid oxide(s), one or more metal(s), one or more metal oxide(s), one or more metal nitride(s), one or more metal oxynitride(s), one or more metal carbide(s), one or more metal carbonitrides, or a combination thereof. A method of making an asymmetric porous film may comprise formation of an asymmetric porous film using CA a mixture comprising a multiblock copolymer that can self-assemble and one or more precursor(s).

Abstract: Provided are compositions that may be referred to as photoreactive compositions or inks. The compositions may have a plurality of reactive components, which are silica nanocages with one or more photoreactive ligand(s). Also provided are methods of making an article of manufacture. Also provided are articles of manufacture and uses thereof. The article of manufacture may be formed from a composition of the present disclosure.

Abstract: Porous compositions and methods of making and using same. The compositions may be one or more layer(s) of mesoporous inorganic materials. The mesoporous inorganic material(s) may be a plurality of inorganic nanocages, which may be microporous. A composition may include homostacks of layers of the same inorganic mesoporous materials. A composition may include heterostacks of layers of inorganic mesoporous materials, where at least two of the layers are different. The compositions may be surface functionalized. The compositions may be formed in a reaction mixture including one or more precursor(s), one or more surfactant(s), water, and one or more organic solvent(s). The compositions may be formed at the liquid-liquid interface between the water and the one or more organic solvent(s). A composition may be used as a catalyst, in a catalytic method, as a separation medium, in a separation method, in nanomedicine applications, or the like.

Abstract: A method for forming an isoporous graded film comprising multiblock copolymers and isoporous graded films. The films have a surface layer and a bulk layer. The surface layer can have at least 1×1014 pores/m2 and a pore size distribution (dmax/dmin)) of less than 3. The bulk layer has an asymmetric structure. The films can be used in filtration applications.

Abstract: Described is a versatile surface modification approach to, for example, modularly and orthogonally functionalize nanoparticles (NPs) such as, for example, PEGylated nanoparticles, ith various types of different functional ligands (functional groups) on the NP surface. It enables the synthesis of, for example, penta-functional PEGylated nanoparticles integrating a variety of properties into a single NP, e.g., fluorescence detection, specific cell targeting, radioisotope chelating/labeling, ratiometric pH sensing, and drug delivery, while the overall NP size remains, for example, below 10 nm.

Abstract: Silica nanorings, methods of making silica nanorings, and uses of silica nanorings. The silica nanorings may be surface selective functionalization, with one or more polyethylene glycol (PEG) group(s), one or more display group(s), one or more functional group(s), or a combination thereof. The silica nanorings may have a size of 5 to 20 nm. The silica nanorings may be made using micelles. The absence or presence of the micelles during PEGylation and/or functionalization allows for the surface selective functionalization. The silica nanorings may be used in various diagnostic and/or treatment methods.

Abstract: Silica nanorings, methods of making silica nanorings, and uses of silica nanorings. The silica nanorings may be PEGylated. The silica nanorings may be surface functionalized, which may be surface selective functionalization, with one or more polyethylene glycol (PEG) group(s), one or more display group(s), one or more functional group(s), or a combination thereof. The silica nanorings may have a size of 5 to 20 nm. The silica nanorings may be made using micelles. The absence or presence of the micelles during PEGylation and/or functionalization allows for surface selective functionalization. The silica nanorings may be used in various diagnostic and/or treatment methods.

Abstract: Methods of obtaining and kits that can be used to obtain an optical super-resolution image of a sample or a portion thereof or an individual or a portion thereof. In various examples, the individual is an individual with cancer. In various examples, a method includes contacting a sample or individual with one or more aluminosilicate nanoparticle(s) that have at least one organic fluorophore molecule covalently bonded to the aluminosilicate network of the nanoparticle(s), or a composition including the aluminosilicate nanoparticle(s); irradiating the sample or the individual, thereby exciting at least one of the fluorophore molecules of an individual aluminosilicate nanoparticle; and obtaining a fluorescence image or a sequence of fluorescence images, which can be processed to obtain a super-resolution image of the sample or the individual. In various examples, the sample is a biological sample, living or fixed tissues and/or cells, or a biopsy obtained from an individual.

Abstract: An aqueous synthesis methodology for the preparation of silica nanoparticles (SNPs), core-shell SNPs having, for example, a size of 2 to 15 nm and narrow size-dispersion with size control below 1 nm, i.e. at the level of a single atomic layer. Different types of dyes, including near infrared (NIR) emitters, can be covalently encapsulated within and brightness can be enhanced via addition of extra silica shells. The surface may be functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups and, optionally, specific surface ligands. This aqueous synthesis methodology also enables synthesis of 2 to 15 nm sized fluorescent core and core-shell aluminosilicate nanoparticles (ASNPs) which may also be surface functionalized. Encapsulation efficiency and brightness of highly negatively charged NIR fluorophores is enhanced relative to the corresponding SNPs without aluminum.

Abstract: Methods of making blended, isoporous, asymmetric (graded) films (e.g. ultrafiltration membranes) comprising two or more chemically distinct block copolymers and blended, isoporous, asymmetric (graded) films (e.g. ultrafiltration membranes) comprising two or more chemically distinct block copolymers. The generation of blended membranes by mixing two chemically distinct block copolymers in the casting solution demonstrates a pathway to advanced asymmetric block copolymer derived films, which can be used as ultrafiltration membranes, in which different pore surface chemistries and associated functionalities can be integrated into a single membrane via standard membrane fabrication, i.e. without requiring laborious post-fabrication modification steps. The block copolymers may be diblock, triblock and/or multiblock mixes and some block copolymers in the mix may be functionally modified. Triblock copolymers comprising a reactive group (e.g.

Abstract: Provided are nanoparticles surface functionalized with PEG groups and having one or more photosensitizer group. The PEG groups may be functionalized. The nanoparticles may also include therapeutic groups and/or targeting groups. The nanoparticles may be made by hydrolysis of a silica precursor and, optionally, an alumina precursor, in various aqueous reaction mediums. The nanoparticles may be used in photodynamic therapy methods. The methods may also include imaging of an individual.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods of analyzing and/or purifying inorganic nanoparticles that may be functionalized with one or more dye group. Analyzing and/or purifying the inorganic nanoparticles includes utilizing liquid chromatography, such as, for example, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methods of the present disclosure may be used to determine the location of one or more dye groups on and/or in the inorganic nanoparticles. The present disclosure also provides methods of making inorganic nanoparticles and compositions of inorganic nanoparticles.

Abstract: Provided are inorganic nanocages. The inorganic nanocages may be non-metal nanocages, transition metal oxide nanocages, or transition metal nanocages. Non-metal nanocages may include metal oxides. The inorganic nanocages can be made using micelles formed using pore expander molecules. The inorganic nanocages may be used as catalysts, drug delivery agents, diagnostic agents, therapeutic agents, and theranostic agents.

Abstract: A method for forming an isoporous graded film comprising multiblock copolymers and isoporous graded films. The films have a surface layer and a bulk layer. The surface layer can have at least 1×1014 pores/m2 and a pore size distribution (dmax/dmin)) of less than 3. The bulk layer has an asymmetric structure. The films can be used in filtration applications.

Abstract: A method for forming an isoporous graded film comprising multiblock copolymers and isoporous graded films. The films have a surface layer and a bulk layer. The surface layer can have at least 1×1014 pores/m2 and a pore size distribution (dmax/dmin)) of less than 3. The bulk layer has an asymmetric structure. The films can be used in filtration applications.