Abstract: The invention provides new heterocyclic compounds having the general formula (I) wherein A, L, X, m, n, R1 and R2 are as described herein, compositions including the compounds, processes of manufacturing the compounds and methods of using the compounds.

Abstract: A device 10 withdraws a breathing gas stream (A) from a ventilation system (B) and transports the breathing gas stream (A) to a gas analysis system (G). The device 10 has a tubular configuration with an inner side (41) and with an outer side (42) and includes two tube sections (11, 11?) and a drying stage (12, 14, 22) with an inner side (43, 43?) and with an outer side (44, 44?), and at least one liquid storage device (13, 21). The drying stage (12, 14, 22) includes a gas-tight and moisture-permeable material that transports moisture from the inner side (43, 43?) of the drying stage (12, 14, 22) through the gas-tight and moisture-permeable material to the outer side (42) of the tubular device (10). The drying stage (12, 14, 22) and/or the liquid storage device (13, 21) is arranged at least partially between the two tube sections (11, 11?).

Abstract: A device 10 withdraws a breathing gas stream (A) from a ventilation system (B) and transports the breathing gas stream (A) to a gas analysis system (G). The device 10 has a tubular configuration with an inner side (41) and with an outer side (42) and includes two tube sections (11, 11?) and a drying stage (12, 14, 22) with an inner side (43, 43?) and with an outer side (44, 44?), and at least one liquid storage device (13, 21). The drying stage (12, 14, 22) includes a gas-tight and moisture-permeable material that transports moisture from the inner side (43, 43?) of the drying stage (12, 14, 22) through the gas-tight and moisture-permeable material to the outer side (42) of the tubular device (10). The drying stage (12, 14, 22) and/or the liquid storage device (13, 21) is arranged at least partially between the two tube sections (11, 11?).

Abstract: A device (1) and a corresponding method are provided for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate based on measurement with more than one sensor (5, 7, 9, 13, 15). The device may be part of a monitor for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate. The second and/or additional sensors are different form the first sensor and have a different manor of operation from the first sensor.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor with a plurality of electrodes is provided with an electrolyte, with a gas-permeable membrane (1), with a gas-permeable and conductive carrier layer (2) applied to the membrane (1) and with at least one measuring electrode (3) applied to the carrier layer (2). The measuring electrode (3) is of a punctiform design and the electrochemical potential difference of the reaction between the carrier layer (2) and the measuring electrode (3) is at least 20 mV, can be manufactured in a compact form and makes possible an especially low power consumption for measured gases in the percentage range.

Abstract: A gas sensor is provided that has the diffusion of the measuring gas toward the working electrode adapted in such a way as to obtain a good signal-to-basic current ratio. Provisions are made for the measuring gas to be transported via a capillary arrangement (11), wherein the capillary arrangement (11) is designed as an arrangement extending in parallel to the working electrode (4).

Abstract: A compact gas sensor array, to which a test gas can be admitted without the use of mechanical components and whose readiness for measurement is interrupted during the calibration only briefly. The array includes a combination of an electrochemical gas sensor (3) and an electrochemical gas generator (2). A gas channel (1) is provided from the gas generator (2) to the measuring electrode (9) of the gas sensor (3). The measuring gas from the environment of the gas sensor (3) has free access to the measuring electrode (9).

Abstract: A gas-measuring system contains at least one gas sensor (1) and at least one gas generator (4). The gas sensor (1) has at least one measuring surface (3), at which a target gas concentration can be measured. The gas generator (4) has at least one discharge surface (5), from which a current-proportional quantity of test gas can be discharged. The measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are designed and the gas sensor (1) and the gas generator (4) can be arranged such that the measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere and the distance between the two surfaces is shorter than the extension of the smaller of the two surfaces.

Abstract: A device (1) and a corresponding method are provided for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate based on measurement with more than one sensor (5, 7, 9, 13, 15). The device may be part of a monitor for determining and/or monitoring the respiration rate. The second and/or additional sensors are different form the first sensor and have a different manor of operation from the first sensor.

Abstract: An electrochemical gas sensor with a plurality of electrodes is provided with an electrolyte, with a gas-permeable membrane (1), with a gas-permeable and conductive carrier layer (2) applied to the membrane (1) and with at least one measuring electrode (3) applied to the carrier layer (2). The measuring electrode (3) is of a punctiform design and the electrochemical potential difference of the reaction between the carrier layer (2) and the measuring electrode (3) is at least 20 mV, can be manufactured in a compact form and makes possible an especially low power consumption for measured gases in the percentage range.

Abstract: A compact gas sensor array, to which a test gas can be admitted without the use of mechanical components and whose readiness for measurement is interrupted during the calibration only briefly. The array includes a combination of an electrochemical gas sensor (3) and an electrochemical gas generator (2). A gas channel (1) is provided from the gas generator (2) to the measuring electrode (9) of the gas sensor (3). The measuring gas from the environment of the gas sensor (3) has free access to the measuring electrode (9).

Abstract: A gas sensor is provided that has the diffusion of the measuring gas toward the working electrode adapted in such a way as to obtain a good signal-to-basic current ratio. Provisions are made for the measuring gas to be transported via a capillary arrangement (11), wherein the capillary arrangement (11) is designed as an arrangement extending in parallel to the working electrode (4).

Abstract: A gas-measuring system contains at least one gas sensor (1) and at least one gas generator (4). The gas sensor (1) has at least one measuring surface (3), at which a target gas concentration can be measured. The gas generator (4) has at least one discharge surface (5), from which a current-proportional quantity of test gas can be discharged. The measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are designed and the gas sensor (1) and the gas generator (4) can be arranged such that the measuring surface (3) and the discharge surface (5) are in direct contact with the ambient atmosphere and the distance between the two surfaces is shorter than the extension of the smaller of the two surfaces.

Abstract: A fuel pump for an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (14) in which a piston (16) is guided. A working chamber is confined in areas by the piston (16). An eccentric shaft or camshaft acts on the piston (16) on its end furthest from the working chamber. A prestressing element (30) loads the piston (16) against the eccentric shaft or camshaft. In order to reduce the fabrication costs of the fuel pump, the invention provides that a support member (40) that is separate from the piston (16) is provided, which said support member is interconnected with the end region (36) of the piston (16) closest to the eccentric shaft or camshaft, and against which the prestressing element (30) bears.

Abstract: An adapter (1) and electrochemical gas sensor (2) is provided with an electrochemical gas sensor housing (14) accommodating an electrolyte (13), with at least one measuring electrode (12) arranged therein and with a membrane (11), which screens the measuring electrode (12) from a measured gas and is permeable to the measured gas. The measuring sensitivity of an electrochemical gas sensor is increased by the adapter (1) having a gas-impermeable surface (15) extending in parallel to and at a spaced location from the membrane (11). The adapter (1) and the membrane (11) form a flow gap (10) for the measured gas delivered by a pump. The adapter (1) may be plugged onto the electrochemical sensor (2) at its outer edge (1a). The measured gas enters through a central opening (17), expands in the flow gap (10) radially to the outside and leaves same via the ring-shaped gap (16).

Abstract: A fuel pump for an internal combustion engine, comprising a housing (14) in which a piston (16) is guided. A working chamber is confined in areas by the piston (16). An eccentric shaft or camshaft acts on the piston (16) on its end furthest from the working chamber. A prestressing element (30) loads the piston (16) against the eccentric shaft or camshaft. In order to reduce the fabrication costs of the fuel pump, the invention provides that a support member (40) that is separate from the piston (16) is provided, which said support member is interconnected with the end region (36) of the piston (16) closest to the eccentric shaft or camshaft, and against which the prestressing element (30) bears.

Abstract: An adapter (1) and electrochemical gas sensor (2) is provided with an electrochemical gas sensor housing (14) accommodating an electrolyte (13), with at least one measuring electrode (12) arranged therein and with a membrane (11), which screens the measuring electrode (12) from a measured gas and is permeable to the measured gas. The measuring sensitivity of an electrochemical gas sensor is increased by the adapter (1) having a gas-impermeable surface (15) extending in parallel to and at a spaced location from the membrane (11). The adapter (1) and the membrane (11) form a flow gap (10) for the measured gas delivered by a pump. The adapter (1) may be plugged onto the electrochemical sensor (2) at its outer edge (1a). The measured gas enters through a central opening (17) , expands in the flow gap (10) radially to the outside and leaves same via the ring-shaped gap (16).

Abstract: A common rail system for internal combustion engines, having a high-pressure pump mounted on a part of the engine, especially on an engine block, control gear or reduction gear. For thermal decoupling purposes, the contact areas between the part of the engine and the high-pressure pump are minimized.

Abstract: A switch cabinet is provided for protection of servers and other highly sensitive computer devices or miscellaneous equipment. The cabinet is configured as a protection cabinet with an interior isolated from the atmosphere. The interior is continuously provided with fresh air by a ventilator. Fresh air is controlled by early detection fire sensors shortly before passing through the ventilator. When fire breaks out, the early detection fire sensors activate gas bottles filled with the noble gas argon, so that argon can be introduced into the interior to extinguish the fire once fresh air supply has been stopped, thereby ensuring early and fast extinguishing of the blaze.

Abstract: A radial piston pump for generating high-fuel pressure in fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, in particular in a common rail injection system, having a drive shaft which is supported in a pump housing and has an eccentrically embodied shaft portion on which preferably a plurality of pistons, disposed radially in a respective element bore are supported relative to the drive shaft. The pistons move back and forth in the respective element bore by rotation of the drive shaft. An axial bearing disk with a plurality of lugs which are disposed on the circumference and engage corresponding grooves in the pump housing is mounted in the pump housing with the aid of a retaining device.