Abstract: The invention relates to an actuator for an electric push-button switch (30) comprising a housing shell (10) in whose shell opening (13) a holding plate (20) is placed. A holding suspension, together with outer stops (21) and outer counterstops (11) between the holding plate (20) and the holding housing permit the non-actuated holding plate (10) to be pressed into a defined outer position of rest (20.1). A push-button switch (30), which is arranged in the housing shell (10), is, together with its switching element (31), located in an extended position (30.1) that is effected by a switch suspension (33). The aim of the invention is to provide an economical space-saving design. To this end, the switch suspension (33) of the push-button switch (30) is simultaneously provided with the function of providing the holding suspension of the holding plate (20).

Abstract: The invention relates to a closing device consisting of a grip housing (10) containing a pivotably mounted grip flap (12). Said grip flap (12) is loaded by means of a restoring force (38) in the direction of its neutral position (12.1), against which force the manual actuation of the grip flap (12) must be carried out. Furthermore, an electrical switch (20) is associated with the grip housing (10), said switch comprising a spring-loaded (28) contact actuator (24). In order to provide a compact, cost-effective closing device, the restoring force (38) of the grip flap (12) can be directly generated by the spring-loading (28) of the contact actuator (24) of the electrical switch (20). In this way, separate springs are not required for the grip flap (12).

Abstract: A device for activating an opening mechanism and/or closing mechanism for lockable movable parts on vehicles includes a manual actuator which in the activating situation acts on at least one contact maker of at least one switch, wherein the actuated switch switches on a drive for opening or closing the movable part. A car body has a wall thickness which is rigid in itself and non-compressible, but a free car body portion is of such a large size relative to an adjoining substantially shape-stable neighboring area of the car body that, when exerting a pressure, this car body portion will form a dent by a travel stroke and this dent serves for actuating the switch.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for activating an opening mechanism for lockable moving parts on vehicles. The device has a manual activator, which acts on a contact sensor (13) of a switch (12) for activation purposes. An outer skin (40) is provided on the vehicle. A part (43′) of the actual outer skin (40) is made elastically deformable (43′) and this part (43′) is used as the activator for the switch (12).

Abstract: The invention concerns a closure with a closure cylinder whose cylinder core (33) can be moved by a key into different operating positions. The object of the invention is for at least one microswitch (50) to be actuated by switching cams (42) only once, even if the switching cam (42) continues to be moved when the microswitch (50) has been actuated. During the return movement, this microswitch (50) should not be triggered by the switching cam (42) again, and so faulty switching is avoided. To that end, a control member (40) cooperates via a separable coupling (35, 45) with a control member (40) on which the switching cam (42) is located. The control member (40) is acted upon by a restoring spring (46) which endeavors to move the control member into an initial position and simultaneously subject it to a force (43) in the coupling sense by the cylinder core (33).

Abstract: A method and kits for amplifying and detecting target nucleic acid sequences in a sample is disclosed. The method employs primers which have reactive pair members linked to them. The reactive pair members can be attached to a solid phase and/or detected by labeled conjugate.

Abstract: Short nucleotide sequences of hepatitis B virus useful for the determination of the presence and type of hepatitis B virus present in a test sample. The sequences provided can be amplified by various DNA hybridization techniques including a modified polymerase chain reaction or ligase chain reaction. The sequences provided also can be hybridized by standard dot- or replica-blot procedures. Methods and kits also are provided for the detection of hepatitis B virus in a test sample and the determination of the type of hepatitis B virus present in the test sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improved LCR amplification schemes using at least one downstream probe modified at its 5' end to reduce or eliminate target independent amplification. The different modified probes, and kits containing them are also presented. Also presented is a method for detecting differences in nucleic acid sequences, with reduced target independent amplification, using the modified probes.