Abstract: A modular multilevel power converter includes first electric components on a first vehicle and second electric components on a second vehicle. The first vehicle and the second vehicle are placed at a spacing distance from each other. The first electric components and the second electric components are electrically interconnected by a plurality of first connecting conductors.

Abstract: A modular multilevel power converter includes first electric components on a first vehicle and second electric components on a second vehicle. The first vehicle and the second vehicle are placed at a spacing distance from each other. The first electric components and the second electric components are electrically interconnected by a plurality of first connecting conductors.

Abstract: A test apparatus for an implantable electrode line and also for an electrode line and an implantable device, including a directional coupler or a circulator for coupling an electrical test symbol into at least one electrical conductor of the electrode line and for decoupling the reflected test signal from the electrical conductor of the electrode line. Such a directional coupler makes it possible to couple a test signal, e.g., a steep voltage pulse, into an electrical conductor of the electrode line and to decouple again the returning reflected voltage pulse (namely, the reflected test signal) from the electrical conductor by means of the directional coupler or circulator. A method for testing an electrical conductor of an implantable electrode line including: 1) coupling a test signal into the electrical conductor; 2) decoupling the test signal reflected in the electrical conductor from the electrical conductor; and 3) evaluating the reflected test signal.

Abstract: Embodiments include an active implantable medical therapy and/or monitoring system that includes at least one implant. The at least one implant includes at least one ultrasonic transducer directly or indirectly connected to a control and evaluation unit in order to emit and receive ultrasonic signals. The control and evaluation unit prompts an emission of ultrasonic signals by the at least one ultrasonic transducer cyclically or in a triggered manner and evaluates received ultrasonic signals such that the control and evaluation unit identifies an actual position or change in position of one or more of the at least one implant and an electrode line.

Abstract: A test apparatus for an implantable electrode line and also for an electrode line and an implantable device, including a directional coupler or a circulator for coupling an electrical test symbol into at least one electrical conductor of the electrode line and for decoupling the reflected test signal from the electrical conductor of the electrode line. Such a directional coupler makes it possible to couple a test signal, e.g., a steep voltage pulse, into an electrical conductor of the electrode line and to decouple again the returning reflected voltage pulse (namely, the reflected test signal) from the electrical conductor by means of the directional coupler or circulator. A method for testing an electrical conductor of an implantable electrode line including: 1) coupling a test signal into the electrical conductor; 2) decoupling the test signal reflected in the electrical conductor from the electrical conductor; and 3) evaluating the reflected test signal.

Abstract: A device for controlling an arc furnace installation has an automatic controller (3) wherein a functional unit (6) for furnace control, a functional unit (7) for electrode control and a functional unit (8) for melting control are integrated in the controller (3).

Abstract: A method for optimizing the operation of a metallurgical plant using a model by modeling supply and discharge media streams, predetermining structure parameters which define the media streams, linking the media streams to one another, predetermining starting parameters which describe initial states, predetermining input operating parameters, determining and outputting output operating parameters, and determining and outputting end parameters, which describe end states of the units, by the model, predetermining the structure parameters to an optimization computer by a user and transmitting the parameters from the optimization computer to a model, and determining optimized operating parameters by the optimization computer on the basis of the starting parameters and an assessment criterion in accordance with an optimization algorithm using the model, wherein the assessment criterion is predetermined to the optimization computer by the user.

Abstract: A device for controlling an arc furnace installation has an automatic controller (3) wherein a functional unit (6) for furnace control, a functional unit (7) for electrode control and a functional unit (8) for melting control are integrated in the controller (3).

Abstract: A casting-rolling plant and a method of operating a casting-rolling plant are disclosed. At least one slab production line (40, 50) and at least one mill train (4) as well as at least one slab feeding device (20) that is independent of the slab production line (40, 50) with respect to the production process are provided. In order to achieve a higher throughput in the production of strip material, the slab feeding device (20) takes over slab feed to the mill train (4) during a production break of the slab production line (40, 50) in accordance with logistic and/or manufacturing standards up to a maximum output possible.

Abstract: A method and device for producing a strand of metal by means of a continuous-casting installation which has at least one cooling device for cooling the strand, the cooling device being assigned at least one reduction stand for reducing the thickness of the strand, the strand, during the thickness reduction, having a solidified skin and a liquid core. The cooling is set, by means of a temperature and solidification model, in such a manner that the solidification boundary between the solidified skin and the liquid core when the strand enters the reduction stand corresponds to a predetermined set solidification boundary between the solidified skin and the liquid core.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for casting a strand of liquid metal which is cast into a mold, and which is drawn as a strand out of the mold. The casting level, e.g., a level of the liquid metal in the mold, is regulated to a predetermined casting-level desired value using a casting-level controller having at least one integrator. The output of the integrator of the casting-level controller is replaced by a predetermined value when the difference between the casting-level actual value and the casting-level desired value exceeds a tolerance threshold.