Abstract: A plurality of streamer-cable bulkheads mounted within a streamer cable in cascade for radially scattering tube-wave noise from a streamer-cable. Each bulkhead consists of an annular body with conical surfaces converging at a desired angle, extending outwards from both ends of the annular body. An axial hole and a plurality of off-axial holes extending through the bulkhead for receiving therethrough, electrical conductors and stress members respectively. Noise traveling within the tube in a waveguide mode, impinges upon the conical surfaces of the cascaded bulkheads, and is reflected out of the streamer-cable jacket.

Abstract: A method of seismic exploration of the subsurface of the earth. Seismic reflection data are gathered in a selected area. The seismic data are combined with available non-seismic data to define an initial two-dimensional lithologic model. Based upon the initial model, a set of synthetic seismic data is generated. The degree of correspondence between the set of synthetic reflection data and the gathered seismic data is determined. The initial model-parameters are systematically perturbed during a series of iterations until a desired degree of correspondence has been achieved, resulting in a final lithologic model.

Abstract: An acoustic borehole tool consists of two components: A first component containing power supplies, signal processing and control electronics and a sidewall locking mechanism. A second component includes a seismic sensor and a clamping device for pressing the sensor against the sidewall of a borehole. The weight of the second component is a small fraction of the weight of the first component so that the force exerted by the clamping device is less than a preselected limiting value and so that the clamping force/mass ratio may reach large value without danger of destroying the borehole.