Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of cyclic nucleotide type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4B) gene expression and/or activity, including PDE4B1, PDE4B2, and PDE4B3 gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in cyclic nucleotide type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4B) gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions, including but not limited to IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-15, TNF-alpha and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), such as MMP-I, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions and methods for potentiating the activity of biologically active molecules in conjunction with one or more delivery vehicles and one or more carrier molecules. Specifically, the invention features the use of a carrier molecule in combination with a delivery vehicle and a biologically active molecule of interest to potentiate the activity of the biologically active molecule. The carrier molecule can be biologically inert, inactive, or attenuated; or can alternately be biologically active in the same or different manner than the biologically active molecule of interest. Specifically, the invention features novel particle forming delivery agents including cationic lipids, microparticles, and nanoparticles that are useful for delivering various biologically active molecules to cells in conjunction with a carrier molecule.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of cyclic nucleotide type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4B) gene expression and/or activity, including PDE4B1, PDE4B2, and PDE4B3. The invention relates to double stranded nucleic acid molecules including small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA), and multifunctional siNA molecules capable of mediating RNA interference (RNAi) against cyclic nucleotide type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4B) gene expression, including cocktails of such small nucleic acid molecules and lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations of such small nucleic acid molecules.

Abstract: The present invention concerns processes for the detection and quantitation of nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides in a sample using hybridizationdetection assays, antibody-mediated recognition assays, nucleic acid sensor molecules, chromatographic assays, and/or electrophoresis assays. The present invention specifically concerns processes for the detection and quantitation of double stranded nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides in a sample using hybridization-detection assays. The nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides can include molecules that mediate RNA interference, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. This invention also relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the expression and activity of other genes involved in pathways of VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression and/or activity by RNA interference (RNAi) using small nucleic acid molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of VEGF and/or VEGFR genes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1) gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1) gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns processes for the detection and quantitation of nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides in a sample using hybridizationdetection assays, antibody-mediated recognition assays, nucleic acid sensor molecules, chromatographic assays, and/or electrophoresis assays. The present invention specifically concerns processes for the detection and quantitation of double stranded nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides in a sample using hybridization-detection assays. The nucleic acid molecules, polynucleotides, and/or oligonucleotides can include molecules that mediate RNA interference, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods and nucleic acid based reagents useful in modulating gene expression in a variety of applications, including use in therapeutic, veterinary, agricultural, diagnostic, target validation, and genomic discovery applications. Specifically, the invention relates to multifunctional short interfering nucleic acid (multifunctional siNA) molecules that modulate the expression of one or more genes in a biologic system, such as a cell, tissue, or organism via RNA interference (RNAi). The bifunctional short interfering nucleic acid (multifunctional siNA) molecules of the invention can target more than one regions of nucleic acid sequence in a single target nucleic acid molecule or can target regions of nucleic acid sequence in differing target nucleic acid molecules. The self multifunctional siNA molecules are useful in the treatment of any disease or condition that responds to modulation of gene expression or activity in a cell, tissue, or organism.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of genes, such as expressed pseudogenes associated with the maintenance or development of diseases, disorders, traits, and conditions in a subject or organism. The invention also provides small nucleic acid molecules with reduced or attenuated immunostimulatory properties and methods for designing and synthesizing such small nucleic acid molecules having improved toxicologic properties while retaining RNAi activity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, disease and conditions that respond to the modulation of histone deacetylase (HDAC) gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in HDAC gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9 (PCSK9) gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating influenza virus gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of influenza virus genes, such as viral and host genes associated with the maintenance or development of influenza virus infection and related diseases and conditions in a subject or organism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11 beta-HSD-1) gene expression and/or activity. The present invention is also directed to compounds, compositions, and methods relating to traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of expression and/or activity of genes involved in 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11 beta-HSD-1) gene expression pathways or other cellular processes that mediate the maintenance or development of such traits, diseases and conditions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods and reagents useful in modulating gene expression in a variety of applications, including use in therapeutic, cosmetic, cosmeceutical, prophylactic, diagnostic, target validation, and genomic discovery applications. Specifically, the invention relates to synthetic chemically modified small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules capable of mediating RNA interference (RNAi) against target nucleic acid sequences. The small nucleic acid molecules are useful in the treatment of any disease (e.g., cancer, proliferative, inflammatory, metabolic, autoimmune, neurologic, ocular diseases), condition, trait (e.g., hair growth and removal), genotype or phenotype that responds to modulation of gene expression or activity in a cell, tissue, or organism.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. This invention also relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the expression and activity of other genes involved in pathways of VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression and/or activity by RNA interference (RNAi) using small nucleic acid molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of VEGF and/or VEGFR genes.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating gene expression using chemically modified double stranded nucleic acid molecules. In particular, the instant invention features double stranded nucleic acid molecules including small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of genes via RNA interference (RNAi). The invention features various modifications to double stranded nucleic acid structures, including chemically modified overhangs and optimized stabilization motifs of guide (antisense) strand and passenger (sense) strands of double stranded nucleic acid molecules that allow for potent RNA interference in therapeutically relevant applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating histone deacetylase (HDAC) gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of HDAC genes, such as HDAC genes associated with the maintenance or development of diseases, disorders, traits, and conditions in a subject or organism such as cancer, proliferative disease, and age related disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression using short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. This invention also relates to compounds, compositions, and methods useful for modulating the expression and activity of other genes involved in pathways of VEGF and/or VEGFR gene expression and/or activity by RNA interference (RNAi) using small nucleic acid molecules. In particular, the instant invention features small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (mRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules and methods used to modulate the expression of VEGF and/or VEGFR genes.