Abstract: A fast-acting power protection system and a related method of power protection are disclosed. The fast-acting power protection system includes a current limiting block capable of reducing or blocking an unwanted current or voltage surge at an input terminal of the fast-acting power protection system. The fast-acting power protection system can include an NMOS-based power switch unit, a current-limiting block control unit, and an NMOS-based active Zener clamp, which may be separated or combined on hybrid substrates of a single semiconductor package for improved design and manufacturing scalability, cost efficiency, and reliability. Depending on design preferences, the NMOS-based active Zener clamp may be integrated into the current-limiting block control unit or remain separate. The fast-acting power protection system protects an electrical device connected to an output terminal of the fast-acting power protection system from an unwanted voltage surge by rapidly clamping an output voltage to a clamp voltage.

Abstract: A novel fuse device incorporates electrically-conductive metal-filled vias that vertically connect frontside metal pads with backside metal pads through an electrically-insulated base substrate. The vias are initially created by drilling through the base substrate and then completed by filling the drilled vias with an electrically highly-conductive metallic substance. The vertical electrical connection between the frontside metal pads and the backside metal pads, established by the vias in the fuse structure, enables packageless integration of the novel fuse device to an electronic circuit by eliminating the structural need for wire bond pads and conventional leadframe or cavity packages. Preferably, each frontside metal pad of the novel fuse device is connected to an electrical terminal of the electronic circuit requiring fuse-based power protection, and each backside metal pad is attached to a printed circuit board (PCB) containing the electronic circuit for seamless direct mounting of the fuse structure.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having a node to provide a signal, and a control unit arranged to control a value of an output voltage at an output node on an output path based on a duty cycle of the signal and a value of an input voltage. The control unit can also be arranged to cause a change in a resistance on the output path in order to determine a value of a current on the output path based at least on the change in the resistance.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having a node to provide a signal, and a control unit arranged to control a value of an output voltage at an output node on an output path based on a duty cycle of the signal and a value of an input voltage. The control unit can also be arranged to cause a change in a resistance on the output path in order to determine a value of a current on the output path based at least on the change in the resistance.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having a node to provide a signal, and a control unit arranged to control a value of an output voltage at an output node on an output path based on a duty cycle of the signal and a value of an input voltage. The control unit can also be arranged to cause a change in a resistance on the output path in order to determine a value of a current on the output path based at least on the change in the resistance.

Abstract: Some embodiments include apparatus and methods having a node to provide a signal, and a control unit arranged to control a value of an output voltage at an output node on an output path based on a duty cycle of the signal and a value of an input voltage. The control unit can also be arranged to cause a change in a resistance on the output path in order to determine a value of a current on the output path based at least on the change in the resistance.

Abstract: A fast-acting power protection system and a related method of power protection are disclosed. In one embodiment of the invention, the fast-acting power protection system includes a current limiting block capable of reducing or shutting down an unwanted current or voltage surge at an input terminal of the fast-acting power protection system. The fast-acting power protection system also integrates an output voltage clamp and the current limiting block in one piece of monolithic semiconductor material, wherein the output voltage clamp protects an electrical device connected to an output terminal of the fast-acting power protection system from an unwanted voltage surge by rapidly clamping an output voltage to a clamp voltage. Furthermore, the fast-acting power protection system also protects from a reverse polarity input voltage and dielectrically isolates a MOSFET for reverse polarity protection from other current-limiting MOSFET's inside the current limiting block.

Abstract: A method for conducting a review including the step of detecting a payment request from a vendor; generating a review based on the payment request; and, transmitting a reference to the review to a customer, wherein the reference provides a link to retrieve the review. A system for performing the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of animals, including humans from radiation injury. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions comprising the isoflavone genistein (4?,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) or phytoestrogenic isoflavonoids.

Abstract: A method for conducting a review including the step of detecting a payment request from a vendor; generating a review based on the payment request; and, transmitting a reference to the review to a customer, wherein the reference provides a link to retrieve the review. A system for performing the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the prevention and treatment of a mammal from radiation-induced internal injury using ?-tocotrienol, ?-tocopherol succinate or ?-tocotrienol succinate. Specifically, the present invention relates to methods for preventing and treating radiation-induced injuries in a mammal by (1) subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or intravascular injection of a therapeutically effective amount of ?-tocotrienol; or (2) oral administration of a therapeutically effective amount of ?-tocopherol succinate or ?-tocotrienol succinate or both.

Abstract: A method for conducting a review including the step of detecting a payment request from a vendor; generating a review based on the payment request; and, transmitting a reference to the review to a customer, wherein the reference provides a link to retrieve the review. A system for performing the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of animals, including humans from radiation injury. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions comprising the isoflavone genistein (4?,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) or phytoestrogenic isoflavonoids.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods for the prophylactic and therapeutic treatment of animals, including humans from radiation injury. In particular, the present invention provides methods and compositions comprising the isoflavone genistein (4?,5,7-trihydroxyflavone) or phytoestrogenic isoflavonoids.

Abstract: Compensation is provided for signal drop in bond wires of an integrated circuit (IC) while minimizing the number of external terminals in the IC package. A functional circuit provides an output signal (e.g., voltage) on a pad of the IC, which is connected to an external terminal on the package via a bond wire. A second circuit contained in the IC determines the signal drop in the bond wire by examining a parameter (e.g., current) proportional to a strength of the output signal at or before the pad in a transmission path of the signal. Thus, additional external terminals to sense the signal strength at a point external to the IC to provide compensation for the drop may not be required.

Abstract: Compensation is provided for signal drop in bond wires of an integrated circuit (IC) while minimizing the number of external terminals in the IC package. A functional circuit provides an output signal (e.g., voltage) on a pad of the IC, which is connected to an external terminal on the package via a bond wire. A second circuit contained in the IC determines the signal drop in the bond wire by examining a parameter (e.g., current) proportional to a strength of the output signal at or before the pad in a transmission path of the signal. Thus, additional external terminals to sense the signal strength at a point external to the IC to provide compensation for the drop may not be required.

Abstract: A method for conducting a review including the step of detecting a payment request from a vendor; generating a review based on the payment request; and, transmitting a reference to the review to a customer, wherein the reference provides a link to retrieve the review. A system for performing the method is also described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for the prevention and treatment of a mammal from radiation-induced internal injury using ?-tocotrienol, ?-tocopherol succinate or ?-tocotrienol succinate. Specifically, the present invention relates to methods for preventing and treating radiation-induced injuries in a mammal by (1) subcutaneous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, or intravascular injection of a therapeutically effective amount of ?-tocotrienol; or (2) oral administration of a therapeutically effective amount of ?-tocopherol succinate or ?-tocotrienol succinate or both.

Abstract: A computer network uses first and second computers to host first and second websites. Customer data is accumulated at the first website. The customer data is stored in a database. The first website creates a reference number from a customer identification number and reservation number to identify a location of the customer data in the database. The customer selects a hyperlink from the first website to the second website. The reference number is sent to the second website in the URL address string. The second website uses the reference number to retrieve the customer data stored in the database and populates the second website. The second website provides information and recommendations generated from a suggestive analysis of the customer data for the benefit of the customer.

Abstract: A computer network uses first and second computers to host first and second websites. Customer data is accumulated at the first website. The customer data is stored in a database. The first website creates a reference number from a customer identification number and reservation number to identify a location of the customer data in the database. The customer selects a hyperlink from the first website to the second website. The reference number is sent to the second website in the URL address string. The second website uses the reference number to retrieve the customer data stored in the database and populates the second website. The second website provides information and recommendations generated from a suggestive analysis of the customer data for the benefit of the customer.