Abstract: Black-and-white direct thermographic materials and photothermographic materials can be processed or developed at lower temperatures because of the incorporation of a quaternary ammonium salt in an amount of at least 0.5 mol % based on total silver in the material.

Abstract: Silver-free, aqueous-based direct thermographic materials are designed to have image tone with near neutral density. Without the use of organic silver salts containing reducible silver ions, the image is formed using a color developing agent precursor that releases a color developing agent when heated to a temperature of at least 80° C., a combination of cyan, yellow and magenta dye-forming color couplers that provide cyan, yellow, and magenta dyes, and a substituted or unsubstituted benzoquinone as an oxidizing agent. No silver metal or silver ions are purposely added to these materials. This combination of components provides a means for controlling image tone without reliance upon conventional toning agents.

Abstract: Silver-free, aqueous-based direct thermographic materials are designed to have image tone with near neutral density. Without the use of organic silver salts containing reducible silver ions, the image is formed using a color developing agent precursor that releases a color developing agent when heated to a temperature of at least 80° C., a combination of cyan, yellow and magenta dye-forming color couplers that provide cyan, yellow, and magenta dyes, and a hindered-amine N-oxyl as an oxidizing agent. No silver metal or silver ions are purposely added to these materials. This combination of components provides a means for controlling image tone without reliance upon conventional toning agents.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally sensitive emulsions and photothermographic imaging materials include photosensitive silver halide grains that comprise at least 15 mol % iodide based on total silver in the grains and are doped with bismuth (+3). These materials have increased photographic speed especially in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aqueous dispersions of silver (carboxylate-azine toner) particles wherein the azine content of the particles is from about 0.01 to 10% by weight relative to silver carboxylate. The carboxylates are typically silver salts of long chain fatty acids and the azine toners are the compounds that function as development accelerators and toning agents such as phthalazine. These silver (carboxylate-azine) particles can be used to formulate imaging forming compositions that are useful in aqueous thermographic or photothermographic imaging elements.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aqueous dispersions of silver (carboxylate-azine toner) particles wherein the azine content of the particles is from about 0.01 to 10% by weight relative to silver carboxylate. The carboxylates are typically silver salts of long chain fatty acids and the azine toners are the compounds that function as development accelerators and toning agents such as phthalazine. These silver (carboxylate-azine) particles can be used to formulate imaging forming compositions that are useful in aqueous thermographic or photothermographic imaging elements.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally developable emulsions and photothermographic imaging materials include photosensitive silver halide core-shell grains that comprise at least 20 mol % iodide based on total silver, an amount of iodide in the core of the grains that can be up to the iodide saturation limit in silver iodobromide, and an amount of iodide in the shell of the grains that is at least 2 mol % less than the amount of iodide present in the core, and further provided that the total amount of silver in the shell is from about 10 to about 80 mol % of total silver in the grains. These materials provide desired Dmax and reduced image “print out”.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally developable emulsions and photothermographic imaging materials include photosensitive silver halide core-shell grains that comprise at least 20 mol % iodide based on total silver, an amount of iodide in the core of the grains that can be up to the iodide saturation limit in silver iodobromide, and an amount of iodide in the shell of the grains that is at least 2 mol % less than the amount of iodide present in the core, and further provided that the total amount of silver in the shell is from about 10 to about 80 mol % of total silver in the grains. These materials provide desired Dmax and reduced image “print out”.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally sensitive emulsions and photothermographic imaging materials include photosensitive silver halide grains that are predominantly homogeneous and comprise at least 20 mol % iodide based on total silver in the grains. These materials provide desired Dmax and reduced image “print out”.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to aqueous dispersions of silver (carboxylate-azine toner) particles wherein the azine content of the particles is from about 0.01 to 10% by weight relative to silver carboxylate. The carboxylates are typically silver salts of long chain fatty acids and the azine toners are the compounds that function as development accelerators and toning agents such as phthalazine. These silver (carboxylate-azine) particles can be used to formulate imaging forming compositions that are useful in aqueous thermographic or photothermographic imaging elements.

Abstract: Aqueous-based thermally sensitive emulsions and photothermographic imaging materials include phthalazine N-oxide or a derivative thereof to improve raw stock keeping and to extend the useful range of processing temperatures without interfering with spectral sensitization. The emulsions and photothermographic materials may also include a cyclic imide, phthalazinone, benzoxazine dione, benzthiazine dione, or quinazoline dione as a development promoter.

Abstract: A process for precipitating a high bromide silver halide emulsion in an aqueous medium is disclosed comprising growing nucleated silver halide grains in a reaction vessel in the presence of a peptizer comprising a water dispersable starch to form high bromide radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, wherein the majority of grain growth in the reaction vessel is performed at a pH of less than 3.5. Growth of high bromide silver halide emulsion grains in the presence of a starch peptizer at low pH in accordance with the invention results in emulsion grains with lower fog, even in the absence of the use of strong oxidizing agents during grain precipitation.

Abstract: A process for precipitating a high bromide silver halide emulsion in an aqueous medium is described comprising precipitating high bromide radiation-sensitive silver halide grains in a reaction vessel in the presence of a peptizer comprising a water dispersable starch, wherein a strong oxidizing agent is added to the reaction vessel during or after the precipitation at a pH of less than 4.0 such that an oxidation potential of at least 650 mV (Ag/AgCl ref.) is achieved. A reduction in the rate of reaction between strong oxidants such as bromine and starch at such low pH has been found to enable an advantageous decrease in the amount of oxidant required to achieve and maintain a high oxidation potential during emulsion grain precipitation. Starch, unlike gelatin, also advantageously has adequate stability at the combination of high acidity and high emulsion precipitation temperatures.

Abstract: A process for precipitating a high chloride silver halide emulsion in an aqueous medium is disclosed comprising growing nucleated silver halide grains in a reaction vessel in the presence of a peptizer comprising a water dispersable starch to form high chloride radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, wherein the majority of grain growth in the reaction vessel is performed at a pH of less than 3.5. Growth of high chloride silver halide emulsion grains in the presence of a starch peptizer at low pH in accordance with the invention results in emulsion grains with lower fog, even in the absence of the use of strong oxidizing agents and antifoggants during grain precipitation.

Abstract: A multicolor photographic element comprising a support bearing a cyan dye image-forming unit comprising at least one red-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one cyan dye-forming coupler, a magenta dye image-forming unit comprising at least one green-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one magenta dye-forming coupler, a yellow dye image-forming unit comprising at least one blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith at least one yellow dye-forming coupler, wherein at least one of said emulsion layers comprises tabular grains having {111} major faces containing greater than 50 mole percent bromide, and accounting for greater than 50 percent total grain projected area precipitated in a peptizer that is a water dispersible cationic starch, and contains a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer.

Abstract: A photographic recording element is disclosed containing in at least one dye image forming layer unit (a) a radiation-sensitive silver halide grains include tabular grains (1) having {111} major faces, (2) containing greater than 50 mole percent bromide, based on silver, and (3) accounting for greater than 50 percent total grain projected area, (b) a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer, (c) a water dispersible cationic starch peptizer, and (d) a one equivalent dye image providing coupler. Increased photographic speed is realized.

Abstract: A photographic emulsion is disclosed containing for enhanced imaging speed high bromide {111} tabular grain emulsion peptizer with a cationic starch and sensitized with a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer. The photographic emulsion is disclosed for use in black-and-white and color photographic elements.

Abstract: A photographic element is disclosed having at least one emulsion layer comprised of (a) radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, (b) sensitizer for the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, (c) hydrophilic colloid vehicle, including peptizer for the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, and (d) light scattering particles, wherein (a) the radiation-sensitive silver halide grains include tabular grains (1) having an aspect ratio of at least 2.0, (2) having {111} major faces, (3) containing greater than 50 mole percent bromide, based on silver, and (4) accounting for greater than 50 percent total grain projected area, (b) the sensitizer includes a fragmentable electron donating sensitizer, (c) the peptizer is a water dispersible cationic starch, and (d) the light scattering particles have aspect ratios of less than 1.5 and can be dissolved for removal from the emulsion layer. The photographic elements exhibit enhanced imaging speed and can be employed for color or black-and-white photographic imaging.

Abstract: Increased speed with minimal halation is provided by a photographic element having a specularly reflective silver mirror coating coated between a hydrophilic colloid containing crosslinking sites forming an undercoat and a silver halide emulsion layer unit containing a hydrophilic colloid having crosslinking sites, radiation-sensitive silver halide grains, and a dye image-forming compound.Following imagewise exposure, photographic processing is conducted by (1) developing the photographic element with a color developing agent to create a dye image, (2) converting to silver halide the silver mirror coating and the silver produced by development, and (3) fixing the photographic element while concurrently crosslinking the hydrophilic colloid contained in the emulsion layer unit to the hydrophilic colloid contained in the undercoat.

Abstract: A process of preparing a photographically useful high chloride {100} tabular grain emulsion is disclosed that, following grain nucleation, introduces the total silver required for grain growth before undertaking ripening at a temperature of from 60 to 95.degree. C. The advantages attainable include a higher concentration of the silver in the final emulsion and high chloride tabular grains having larger mean grain sizes and higher average aspect ratios and accounting for a higher percentage of total grain projected area.