Abstract: A hand tool, such as a shovel, having unique working head or blade and shank elements. The blade includes a dished panel transversely disposed from its longitudinal axis and flaring from rear to working end. The trough of the blade is shallower at its distal or working end than at its rear end at which the shank is secured such as by welding. The shank is of a single-walled tubular construction and includes a cut, pinched, angled end which is welded to the rear of the blade, a buckled, curved portion extending from such securement to a straight portion integrally continuing from such buckled and curved portion, to an expanded hub swedged contiguous to the other end of the shank. A tapered handle fits to and through such hub, secured by a rivet to the shank. A plane of symmetry extends throughout the tool. The invention includes method for forming tool, blade, and shank.

Abstract: A plastic tubing cutting device, to be used in the field or shop, and which severs in a clean way such tubing. A mandible having a channel in which the tubing seats is pivoted by means of a handle, the tubing engaging a severing blade in an upward pivotal motion for the mandible. The mandible is pivotally mounted on a vertical member of an inverted L-shaped frame which also includes a horizontally-disposed stabilizing element. The blade is secured between the vertical member and stabilizing element. The inverted L-shaped frame is secured to a rigid frame and extends forwardly thereof, the rigid frame including laterally extending balancing members for the device. Additional features of a locking means for the device when not in use, of a safety shield for the body and eyes against flying plastic fragments, and trough and guide for tubing seated in the channel, are provided.