Abstract: The membrane catalyst for hydrogenation of organic compounds according to the present invention comprises a cermet substrate with deposited thereonto, as a film, a product of interaction of a polyorganosiloxane polymer and a heterogenized palladium complex of the general formula: ##STR1## R=alkyl, alkoxy, chlorine; R'=--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --; --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, n=1-10;D=--PR.sub.2 ", R"=alkyl, phenyl; --NR.sub.2 "', R'"=alkyl; --C.sub.5 H.sub.4 N;L=--Cl, --Br, --OCOCH.sub.3.The method for preparing a membrane catalyst for hydrogenation of organic compounds according to the present invention comprises application, onto a cermet substrate, of a mixture of a polyorganosiloxane polymer and a heterogenized palladium complex of the formula: ##STR2## R=alkyl, alkoxy, chlorine: R'=--C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --; --(CH.sub.2).sub.n --, n=1-10;D=--PR.sub.2 ", R"=alkyl, phenyl; --NR.sub.2 "', R"'=alkyl; --C.sub.5 H.sub.4 N;L=--Cl, --Br, --OCOCH.sub.3.

Abstract: A process for producing aniline, residing in a catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene by using hydrogen in a gaseous phase at a temperature of from 20.degree. to 260.degree. C. and under atmospheric pressure, using a membrane catalyst which is essentially an alloy of palladium and ruthenium taken in a mass percent ratio of 88-98:12-2, respectively, permselective to hydrogen; hydrogenation being carried out by feeding nitrobenzene on the one side of the membrane catalyst and hydrogen, on the other side thereof. The process enables one to obviate purification of the end product from the residual catalyst and thereby to avoid losses of metals of the platinum group, as well as to effect hydrogenation under milder conditions without the formation of any by-products.

Abstract: Method for the dehydrogenation or dehydrocyclization of paraffins, for dehydrogenation of olefins with from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and for hydrodealkylation of naphthalene homologs at temperatures ranging from 300.degree. to 650.degree. C. on a catalyst comprising a palladium base alloy containing rhenium, tungsten or a combination of tungsten and ruthenium.The method can find application in the production of monomers, such as isoprene, for synthetic materials, pharmaceuticals, in processing petroleum hydrocarbons and natural gas.

Abstract: The invention is related to a method of preparing a hydrogen-permeable membrane catalyst on a base of palladium or its alloys for the hydrogenation of unsaturated organic compounds.According to the invention the surface of a metalloceramic sheet on a base of nickel, copper or stainless steel with a thickness from 0.05 to 1 mm is covered with an organosilicon polymer which is subsequently cured at a temperature ranging from 20 to 150.degree. C.The curing results in the formation of a film of the organosilicon polymer with a thickness from 0.01 to 1 mm, whereupon a layer of palladium or its alloy with a thickness from 0.001 to 0.1 micron is deposited on the polymer film.The method of the invention allows decreasing by hundreds of times the consumption of palladium, and other noble metals such as ruthenium, rhodium, rhenium, silver, and gold.