Abstract: An example apparatus comprises includes a first reservoir to store a biologic sample containing a cell, a microfluidic channel fluidically coupled to the first reservoir, and circuitry. The microfluidic channel includes a constriction region including a first circumference that is attenuated from remaining portions of the microfluidic channel, and a fluidic pump disposed within the microfluidic channel. The circuitry is to activate the fluidic pump to direct flow of the cell from the first reservoir to the microfluidic channel and through the constriction region.

Abstract: A microfluidic system may comprise a dispense head with multiple dispensers, each dispensing a different cell type, such as single pairs of individual target cells and individual sensor cells. Interaction between the cells may be observed based on, for example, fluorescence. Individual target cells may then be selected, based on observations, for use or for further investigation. As an example, target cells may be B-cells, and enhanced selection of B-cells aids more direct antibody discovery.

Abstract: An example digital microfluidic device can include a hydrophobic electrowetting surface including an array of electrodes. The individual electrodes can have a shape with three or more sides. The array of electrodes can include a parking electrode and an adjacent electrode that is adjacent to the parking electrode. A cover can be positioned over the electrowetting surface at a gap distance sufficient to accommodate a liquid droplet between the cover and the electrowetting surface. A plurality of droplet barriers can be positioned on three or more sides of the parking electrode. The droplet barriers can constrain movement of a liquid droplet from the parking electrode to the adjacent electrode.

Abstract: In example implementations, an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a dielectrophoresis (DEP) separator, an electrical field generator, a tracking system, and a controller. The DEP separator is to separate a plurality of different particles. The electrical field generator is coupled to the DEP separator to apply a frequency to the DEP separator. The tracking system is to track a movement of a type of particles in the DEP separator. The controller is in communication with the electrical field generator to control the frequency and the tracking system to track the separation. The controller is to calculate a cross-over frequency from a cross-over frequency distribution for the type of particles based on a frequency sweep performed on the type of particles and the movement of the type of particles that is tracked.

Abstract: An image formation device includes a support, a fluid ejection device, and a first porous element. The support is to support movement of a substrate along a travel path, while the fluid ejection device is located along the travel path to deposit droplets of ink particles within a liquid carrier onto the substrate to at least partially form an image on the substrate. The first porous element is located downstream along the travel path from the fluid ejection device to be in contact against the substrate to remove, via electroosmotic flow through the first porous element, at least a portion of the liquid carrier from the substrate.

Abstract: A particle monitoring system may include a flow passage, a particle imager to image a targeted particle within the flow passage, electrodes supported proximate the flow passage, a power source connected to the electrodes and a controller to cause the power source to charge to electrodes so as to (1) apply an electric field balanced with respect to gravity so as to hold, levitate and rotate a targeted particle within the flow passage during imaging and (2) release the targeted particle following the imaging.

Abstract: A microfluidic processing system can include a reagent delivery network including an inlet microfluidic channel fluidly coupled to an outlet microfluidic channel via a microfluidic cross-channel. The microfluidic cross-channel can include a constriction region and a reagent storage chamber. The microfluidic processing system can also include a resistor positioned along the inlet microfluidic channel at a location to redirect fluid through the constriction region and into a reagent storage chamber, and process microfluidics fluidly coupled downstream from the outlet microfluidic channel.

Abstract: A digital microfluidic device includes an array of controllable electrode pads alignable with a fluid passageway and a control portion. The control portion is to cause electrowetting movement of a droplet within the fluid passageway through a circuit of multiple different zones of the electrode pads. The electrowetting movement is to iteratively expose the droplet within a current zone of the different zones for a selectable current time period at a current temperature of a list of consecutive temperatures, further expose the droplet within the current zone, for each respective selectable subsequent time period, at each respective subsequent temperature of the list which is greater than the current temperature, and move the droplet into a subsequent zone of the different zones when one of the respective subsequent temperatures is less than the current temperature.

Abstract: A reagent delivery network can include an inlet microfluidic channel, a microfluidic cross-channel branching off from the inlet microfluidic channel, a resistor positioned along the inlet microfluidic channel at a location to redirect fluid from the inlet microfluidic channel into the microfluidic cross-channel, and an outlet microfluidic channel having a side-wall opening connected to the microfluidic cross-channel. The outlet microfluidic channel can receive fluid from the microfluidic cross-channel. The microfluidic cross-channel can include a constriction region and a reagent storage chamber having reagent therein.

Abstract: A microfluidic magnetic microbead interaction method may include mixing ferromagnetic microbeads in a fluid while the fluid is at a first temperature above a Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic microbeads, applying a magnetic field to the ferromagnetic microbeads while the fluid is at a second temperature at or below the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic microbeads and withdrawing remaining supernatant portions of the fluid while the magnetic field is applied to the ferromagnetic microbeads.

Abstract: A method comprising receiving, at a microfluidic channel, a biologic sample including a cell and providing a magnetic field within the microfluidic channel using a first magnet, wherein the magnetic field attracts a first plurality of magnetic particles disposed within the microfluidic channel. The method further includes activating a first resistor disposed within the microfluidic channel to agitate a volume of fluid within the microfluidic channel, and in response, moving the first plurality of magnetic particles through the microfluidic channel to lyse the cell and to release cellular material from the cell.

Abstract: An electroporation system may include a well plate, a dispenser and a dispenser-well positioning system. The well plate may include wells, each of the wells including an interior, a first electrode adjacent the interior and a second electrode adjacent the interior and spaced from the first electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are to apply an electrostatic field across the well. The dispenser is to dispense a cell having a diameter into each of the wells. The dispenser-well positioning system is to align each well and the dispenser such that the dispenser dispenses the cell into each well at a location spaced from the first electrode and the second electrode by a distance of at least 5 times the diameter of the cell.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a cellular analytic system is described. The cellular analytic system includes a series of analytic devices. Each analytic device includes 1) a separator to separate a cellular particle from a surrounding fluid, 2) an analyzer coupled to a first outlet of the separator to analyze the surrounding fluid, and 3) at least one lysing device coupled to at least a second outlet of the separator to rupture a membrane of the cellular particle. An outlet of the lysing device is fluidly coupled to a separator of a downstream analytic device.

Abstract: An object separator may include a substrate, a fluid channel supported by the substrate, a pair of electrodes along the fluid channel to form a dielectrophoretic force to interact with an object entrained in a fluid, and an inertial pump supported by the substrate and positioned within the fluid channel to move the fluid along the fluid channel.

Abstract: An example method, consistent with the present disclosure, includes receiving in a microfluidic channel, a fluid sample and a reagent, where the reagent includes a reporter nucleic acid labeled with a detectable ligand. The method further includes identifying a target nucleic acid in the fluid sample using a guide ribonucleic acid (gRNA) and a programmable nuclease immobilized in a side channel fluidically coupled to the microfluidic channel. Responsive to identifying the target nucleic acid in the fluid sample, the method includes causing cleavage of the detectable ligand, and detecting the detectable ligand from the cleaved reporter nucleic acid in the side channel.

Abstract: An example apparatus comprises a first microfluidic channel fluidically coupled to a first reservoir containing a carrier fluid, the first microfluidic channel including a reaction region, a fluid droplet generator, and a fluid ejector fluidically coupled to the first microfluidic channel and disposed downstream from the reaction region of the first microfluidic channel. The fluid droplet generator includes a portion of the first microfluidic channel and a second microfluidic channel that intersects the first microfluidic channel and is fluidically coupled to a second reservoir containing a reaction fluid, where the reaction fluid including a plurality of cells and fluorescently-labeled capture reagents to form reaction products with a target molecule secreted by the plurality of cells.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a particle detection system is described. The particle detection system includes a microfluidic channel through which fluid is to flow. The fluid includes particles. The particle detection system also includes a sensing circuit to output a resonant frequency. The sensing circuit includes a pair of electrodes disposed within the microfluidic channel. Contents of a volume between the pair of electrodes changes a capacitance between the pair of electrodes. A change in the capacitance changes the resonant frequency output by the sensing circuit. The particle detection system also includes a controller to determine the contents of the volume based on the resonant frequency.

Abstract: In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, a particle dispensing system is described. The particle dispensing system includes a port to receive a number of fluid cartridges. Each fluid cartridge is to hold an amount of fluid to be ejected. The particle dispensing system also includes an optical verification system to determine, following ejection, a count of a number of particles ejected during an ejection event. The particle dispensing system also includes a controller to selectively activate a number of fluid ejectors to eject the amount of fluid.

Abstract: An electroporation system may include a well plate, a dispenser and a dispenser-well positioning system. The well plate may include wells, each of the wells including an interior, a first electrode adjacent the interior and a second electrode adjacent the interior and spaced from the first electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are to apply an electrostatic field across the well. The dispenser is to dispense a cell having a diameter into each of the wells. The dispenser-well positioning system is to align each well and the dispenser such that the dispenser dispenses the cell into each well at a location spaced from the first electrode and the second electrode by a distance of at least 5 times the diameter of the cell.

Abstract: An example method for measuring deformability of a cell responsive to a pressure wave, consistent with the present disclosure, includes moving a cell of a sample into a cell probing chamber of a microfluidic device. While the cell is in the cell probing chamber, the method includes generating a pressure wave within the cell probing chamber by actuating a fluidic pump. The method further includes determining a deformability of the cell responsive to the pressure wave, using an imaging array synchronized with the actuation of the fluidic pump.