Abstract: A charged particle system generates a charged particle multi beam along a multi beam path. The charged particle system comprises an aperture array, a beam limit array and a condenser lens. In the aperture array are an array of apertures to generate from an up-beam charged particle source charged particle paths down-beam of the aperture array. The beam-limit array is down-beam of the aperture array. Defined in the beam-limit array is an array of beam-limit apertures for shaping the charged particle multi beam path. The condenser lens system is between the aperture array and the beam-limit array. The condenser lens system selectively operates different of rotation settings that define different ranges of beam paths between the aperture array and the beam-limit array. At each rotation setting of the condenser lens system, each beam-limit aperture of the beam-limit array lies on a beam path down-beam of the aperture array.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a multi-beam charged particle column configured to project a multi-beam of charged particles towards a target, the multi-beam charged particle column comprising at least one aperture array comprising at least two different aperture patterns; and a rotator configured to rotate the aperture array between the different aperture patterns.

Abstract: The invention provides a computer-implemented method for responding to an email message sent by a sender to an intended recipient. The method includes the steps of extracting the recipient email address from the initial email message and determining whether there exists a valid email account corresponding to the extracted recipient email address. When it is determined that no valid email account exists corresponding to the recipient email address, a response email message is generated and directed to the sender email address. The response email message not only indicates that the initial email message was undeliverable, but it includes supplemental information that may be of use to the sender. For example, the supplemental information may include advertisement information or search links that may or may not be contextually relevant to the content of the initial email.

Abstract: Disclosed are exemplary techniques for securing rights to a domain name for an extended time period. A customer provides domain registration information and a one-time registration payment to a registrar. The registrar may invest at least a portion of the one-time registration payment and use at least a portion of the return on the investment to pay for subsequent registrations of the domain name with a domain name registry so that the domain name remains registered to the customer for the time period requested and paid for by the customer. Any portion of the investment returns in excess of the registry payment made to the domain name registry may be reinvested, disbursed as profit, or a combination thereof.