Abstract: Disclosed is a process and measurement device for noninvasive determination of venous and arterial blood pressure in the arteries of the human body, particularly in the finger and toes. An occlusion band and peripherally thereto a sensor for the detection of changes in the blood volume during the pressure-buildup procedure is attached in these measurement areas. The present invention is distinguished by the pressure-buildup procedure being characterizied by a slow, preferably linear increase in air pressure in the occlusion band and the blood pressure values being determined from the change in the blood volume signal and the respective current occlusion pressure. It is possible for the first time to determine the venous pressure, the arterial diastolic pressure and the arterial systolic pressure bloodlessly during a single measurement test.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for the noninvasive determination of peripheral outflow and flow disturbances in the extremities of human beings includes at least one light transmitter for directing light onto the skin of a human subject and at least one light receiver for receiving reflected light as well as an evaluation and read-out circuit to ascertain the temporal course of blood outflow or inflow in the veins by measuring the changes in the reflected light. The evaluation and read-out circuit calibrates itself prior to measuring by raising the current flowing through the light transmitter or transmitters until the signal-to-noise ratio of the receiver has attained a specific value.

Abstract: A rapid and simple opto-electronic measuring method of determining the wavelength and the wavelength-corrected power of monochromatic light sources is indicated. The photodetectors (1, 2) of different spectral overall sensitivity are acted upon through a transfer device by the flow of radiation of the light source to be measured, and the signals (I1, I2) then produced are supplied through a unit (3) for acquisitioning and processing the measurement values to a calculation unit (4). From the signals (I1, I2) a wavelength-specific quantity is derived in the calculation unit which is compared with the wavelength-specific data present in memory unit (6) after one calibration. Thus, the actual wavelength of the light source to be measured can be determined, be indicated by an indicator unit (7), or be supplied through a data interface.

Abstract: The invention relates to an arrangement of inspecting light waveguide end faces by observing the interference pattern formed by means of measuring light in the airgap between a plane transparent plate and the end face of a light waveguide abutting on said plate. A less elaborate measuring device requiring less space is obtained in that the measuring light is led towards the end faces to be observed, via the light waveguides (1, 2, 23, 24).

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for the noninvasive determination of peripheral outflow and flow disturbances in the extremities of human beings includes at least one light transmitter for directing light onto the skin of the subject under test and at least one light receiver for receiving reflected radiation and an evaluation and read-out circuit for ascertaining the temporal course of the blood outflow or inflow in the veins by measuring the changes in light reflection. The evaluation and read-out circuit is provided with a digitally controlled tone generator and an electroacoustic transducer that emits a first signal to indicate readiness of the apparatus to effect measurement, a second succession of tones, the frequency of which follows the changes in the intensity of the light reflection until termination of the blood outflow or inflow, and a third signal which indicates the end of the measuring.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus for the quantitative evalution of peripheral venous drainage disorders and arterial blood flow disorder in man. In clinical practice, this invention makes it possible on the one hand to objectively detect the changes in cutaneous circulation under physical strain, while it can also be employed, on the other hand, to detect obstacles to venous flow in the extremities. The measuring apparatus detects peripheral drainage and blood flow disorders in human extremities which makes it possible to detect by measuring technology the evacuation and filling of dermal vessels--veins and arteries--non-invasively, objectively and quantitatively.

Abstract: A photometer sphere includes a spherical interior encompassed by a diffusely reflecting wall, provided with apertures for incident light as well as for applying samples and photo detectors in the diffusely reflecting wall. The interior is filled completely by an optically homogenous, clear and stray-free material.