Abstract: A process for the production of high-density zirconia-based ceramics having high fracture toughness and strength suitable for use as nonconductive weld/guide pins, engine components and wear resistant parts. The process consists of mixing zirconia (with formula ZrO2) yttria (Y2O3) and ceria (CeO2) in proper proportions to produce partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) and then doping the PSZ with chromium oxide (Cr2O3) to enhance the mechanical strength of the resultant body. The resultant sintered body has fracture toughness in excess of 15 MPa.m1/2, Vicker's Hardness in excess of 8.5 GPa and flexural strength of 1150 MPa.

Abstract: A process for production of high surface area, sub-micron size, monotungsten carbide and mixtures of monotungsten carbide-titanium carbide by reacting a mixture of tungsten oxide (or APT), titanium oxide and carbon powders in a mixing reactor. When the temperature in the reactor reaches reaction temperature a vacuum is applied. The charge is kept under a high vacuum until the reaction is complete, and is agitated to enhance the release of carbon monoxide. The products typically contain in excess of 99% carbides, have a surface area greater than 4.2 m.sup.2 /g for mixture at monotungsten carbide and titanium carbide, and an average particle size between 0.2 and 0.5 microns.