Abstract: Small air pumping devices are mounted directly in the conventional tire valves to keep the vehicle's tires properly inflated without requiring the user's attention. If a tire is beginning to become under-inflated, a pumping piston having a single check valve is moved reciprocally in the tire valve stem by the cyclical deformation of the tire during the vehicle's travelling. The ambient air is pumped into the tires through the tire valves. The tire valves incorporating the pumping devices are kept using in a regular manner for reliably preventing air escaping from the tires and for inflating the tires from the external sources. Such “self-inflating” tire valves may be mounted as the regular tire valves both in new manufactured vehicles or in used vehicles without any modifications in the vehicle's axes, wheels or tires and without the necessity to make additional openings in the wheel.

Abstract: A propulsive force for propelling different types of water vehicles is developed by four paddles mounted on the planetary gearbox which is rotated by the transversely oriented driving shaft. Each paddle has, preferably, two perpendicular to each other balanced blades and is rotated simultaneously around the axis of the driving shaft and around the axes of the output shafts of the planetary gearbox. During each turn of the driving shaft, four propulsion strokes are exerted consecutively. Each propulsion stroke is exerted by four blades which are moving along the specific curved paths with acceleration and deceleration caused by changing their circumferential velocity. Both sides of the blades are used consecutively as working surfaces. Optionally, each paddle can have one blade and a counterweight. The driving shaft can be oriented horizontally or vertically and disposed together with the planetary gearbox and the paddles under the water level or over the water level.

Abstract: A new type of propeller with a transverse driving shaft can be mounted on an outboard internal combustion engine instead of a conventional screw type propeller or disposed directly on the transom of a boat. The propulsion thrust is generated by flat propeller blades mounted on planetary gearboxes and rotated simultaneously around two perpendicular intercrossed axes of rotation. Such double rotation causes the blades to move along the specific curved paths and to generate virtually permanent and effective propulsion thrust for propelling watercraft. Both sides of the propeller blades are used as working surfaces. Unlike the conventional screw type propeller, a new propeller can be disposed not only under the water but also over the water with the blades extending into the water during their rotations for propelling the boat.

Abstract: An outboard apparatus for propelling marine vessels includes a horizontal driving shaft, a rotated planetary gear-box and four propelling blades disposed over the surface of the water. During the rotation of the driving shaft, the blades extend into the water when their orientations are changed from horizontal to vertical positions. A propulsive force is developed as a result of a double rotation of the blades with the same speed around intercrossed axes of the driving shaft and radial shafts of the gear-box. During each propulsion stroke, circumferential velocities of the blades are gradually accelerated when they move downward. Both sides of the blades are used consecutively as working surfaces. Disposed with variable angles of incidence, the propelling blades work simultaneously as paddles and as blades of a screw propeller. The propulsion apparatus can also be used in typical outboard engines instead of the traditional screw propellers.

Abstract: A propulsive force for propelling different types of water vehicles is developed by four paddles mounted on the planetary gearbox which is rotated by the transversely oriented driving shaft. Each paddle has, preferably, two perpendicular to each other balanced blades and is rotated simultaneously around the axis of the driving shaft and around the axes of the output shafts of the planetary gearbox. During each turn of the driving shaft, four propulsion strokes are exerted consecutively. Each propulsion stroke is exerted by four blades which are moving along the specific curved paths with acceleration and deceleration caused by changing their circumferential velocity. Both sides of the blades are used consecutively as working surfaces. The driving shaft can be oriented horizontally or vertically and disposed together with the planetary gearbox and the paddles under the water level or over the water level. It is rotated by an internal combustion engine or by any other driver.

Abstract: An outboard apparatus for propelling marine vessels includes a horizontal driving shaft, a rotated planetary gear-box and four propelling blades disposed over the surface of the water. During the rotation of the driving shaft, the blades extend into the water when their orientations are changed from horizontal to vertical positions. A propulsive force is developed as a result of a double rotation of the blades with the same speed around intercrossed axes of the driving shaft and radial shafts of the gear-box. During each propulsion stroke, circumferential velocities of the blades are gradually accelerated when they move downward. Both sides of the blades are used consecutively as working surfaces. Disposed with variable angles of incidence, the propelling blades work simultaneously as paddles and as blades of a screw propeller. The propulsion apparatus can also be used in typical outboard engines instead of the traditional screw propellers.

Abstract: A method and system for propelling or sustaining marine vessels and aircraft. A propulsive force is developed in a gaseous or liquid fluid as a result of rotation of two pairs of generally parallel blades around two perpendicular intercrossed axes with the same speed. The blades are mounted with variable angles of incidence in the planes of rotation around one of the axis and are rotated together with this axis around the second axis. As a result, the blades work simultaneously both in a paddling manner and as a screw propeller with both sides of the blades being used consecutively as working surfaces. In preferred embodiments of the propulsion apparatus, the blades are mounted on a rotated gearbox which is mounted on a hollow driving shaft. The gearbox includes planetary bevel gear engagement with sun gears mounted on a support coaxially to the hollow driving shaft.

Abstract: A method and system for developing a propulsive force which can be utilized for driving different types of water, air or land vehicles. The propulsive force is developed by rotating a driving shaft with four blades which are simultaneously rotated with the same speed around two perpendicular intercrossed axes in different directions not interfering with each other. Each blade lies generally in a plane perpendicular to the intercrossed axis around which it is rotated. Preferably, the blades have airfoil sections. During such double rotation the radial extensions of the propeller blades relative to the driving shaft are changed as a function of the angle of rotation. The rotated blades can work simultaneously both in a paddling manner and as a screw propeller with the angle of incidence of each of the blades in the plane of rotation around an intercrossed axis changed automatically depending on the position of the blade relative to the driving shaft.

Abstract: The machine of the invention comprises the following components interconnected through air conduits; a cage drum rotatably mounted in a housing, an air cleaner for intercepting mechanical impurities, an air cooler, an air heater with a steam heating element, an adsorber with respective inlet and outlet connections for steam admission and discharging a mixture of steam and adsorbed solvent. The machine comprises also a system of directional valves for changing the direction of air flow therethrough and a means for cooling and separating a mixture of condensates of steam and solvent, which is connected, through a device for condensate separation and discharge, to the outlet of the steam heating element of the air heater.The inlet of steam heating element is connected to an outlet connection for discharging a mixture of steam and desorbed solvent vapors from the absorber.

Abstract: A process for recuperation of organic solvents in dry-cleaning machines comprising circulation of air first through a cleaning drum of a machine containing textile articles treated with an organic solvent and squeezed, a filter, an air cooler and a heater, and then through a cleaning drum with the articles, filter, air cooler and an absorber. The circulated air recovers the solvent from the articles which solvent is first condensed in the air cooler and then adsorbed in the adsorber. Simultaneously with circulation of air through the cleaning drum, filter, air cooler and heater effected first is desorption of the solvent adsorbed in the previous process cycle of the dry-cleaning machine operation from the adsorbent by means of steam which together with vapors of the desorbed solvent is condensed in the heater, followed by the removal, from the adsorber to the heater, of the remaining steam and its condensate due to the pressure drop in the adsorber-heater system by means of compressed air.