Abstract: A method of manufacturing a security paper is presented. The method comprises: preparing a composition A containing a mixture of softwood and hardwood pulp, and preparing a mixture ? of a refined pulp and magnetic wires having predetermined magnetic properties; preparing a composition C by blending the mixture B and the composition A; diluting the composition C, and forming a pulp single layer D including the magnetic wires at a predetermined density; removing moisture from the pulp single layer D; forming at least one protective coating layer on at least one side of the paper; and calendering the paper, thereby obtaining a security paper structure with the magnetic wires fully embedded in the pulp single layer.

Abstract: A recording medium is provided, such as paper, secured by magnetic microwires. The recording medium comprises: a pulp structure formed by pulp fibers, said pulp structure carrying microwires having a metal core of a predetermined material composition, and an insulating layer coating on said metal core; and at least one coating layer on at least one side of said pulp structure. The pulp structure is a single-layer structure with the microwires fully embedded in said single layer, the microwires having cross-sectional dimensions approximately equal to cross-sectional dimensions of the pulp fibers.

Abstract: A recording medium is provided, such as paper, secured by magnetic microwires. The recording medium comprises: a pulp structure formed by pulp fibers, said pulp structure carrying microwires having a metal core of a predetermined material composition, and an insulating layer coating on said metal core; and at least one coating layer on at least one side of said pulp structure. The pulp structure is a single-layer structure with the microwires fully embedded in said single layer, the microwires having cross-sectional dimensions approximately equal to cross-sectional dimensions of the pulp fibers.

Abstract: An electronic article surveillance system is disclosed. The system utilizes interaction between magnetic fields generated by a plurality of antennae elements to generate magnetic field in different orientations within an interrogation zone. The antenna elements are fed in different phases in accordance to phase patterns to generate the different orientations. A novel receiving antenna construction for receiving the perturbations caused by re-magnetization of a marker within the interrogation zone is also disclosed. The antenna construction comprises a receiving coil at a certain distance from the transmitting coil, and a compensating coil closer to a transmitting coil. A method for utilizing the system is also presented.

Abstract: A magnetic marker for use in an article surveillance system, and an electronic article surveillance system utilizing the same are presented. The marker comprises a magnetic element including a predetermined number of microwire pieces made of an amorphous metal-containing material coated with glass and having substantially zero magnetostriction, coercivity substantially less than 10 A/m, and permeability substantially higher than 20000, the predetermined number of the microwire pieces and a core diameter of the microwire piece being selected in accordance with a desired detection probability of the marker to be obtained in a specific detection system.

Abstract: An electronic article surveillance system is disclosed. The system utilizes interaction between magnetic fields generated by a plurality of antennae elements to generate magnetic field in different orientations within an interrogation zone. The antenna elements are fed in different phases in accordance to phase patterns to generate the different orientations. A novel receiving antenna construction for receiving the perturbations caused by re-magnetization of a marker within the interrogation zone is also disclosed. The antenna construction comprises a receiving coil at a certain distance from the transmitting coil, and a compensating coil closer to a transmitting coil. A method for utilizing the system is also presented.

Abstract: A reading head is presented for use in a security system for reading an intermittent code pattern, when the code pattern is displaced in a reading direction with respect to the reading head. The code pattern is formed of a plurality of spaced-apart magnetic elements made. The reading head comprises a magnetic material producing a high-gradient static magnetic field, and a sensing element of a kind responsive to signals produced by the magnetic elements. The magnetic material is designed such that it defines an extended narrow region where the static magnetic field vector is substantially equal to zero. The sensing element is located substantially within the zero-field region, and is thereby responsive to signals generated by each of the magnetic elements, when the magnetic element is located in the zero-field region.

Abstract: A method for the production of a heater element on a target area. A plurality of particles having a specified size range are prepared. The plurality of particles include a metallic alloy, and the metallic alloy includes boron. The particles are applied to the target area using at least one of a plasma spray process and a flame spray process.

Abstract: A magnetic marker for use in an article surveillance system, and an electronic article surveillance system utilizing the same are presented. The marker comprises a magnetic element including a predetermined number of microwire pieces made of an amorphous metal-containing material coated with glass and having substantially zero magnetostriction, coercivity substantially less than 10 A/m, and permeability substantially higher than 20000, said predetermined number of the microwire pieces and a core diameter of the microwire piece being selected in accordance with a desired detection probability of the marker to be obtained in a specific detection system.

Abstract: A magnetic microwire for use in a magnetic tag attachable to a product is provided to enable authentication of the product, as well as the magnetic tag, a detector device and a system for product authentication utilizing the same. The magnetic microwire is a glass-coated amorphous magnetic microwire characterized by a large Barkhausen discontinuity and substantially zero or positive magnetostriction. The microwire is responsive to an external alternating magnetic field generated by the detector device to produce short pulses of magnetic field perturbations.

Abstract: An electro-magnetic interference (EMI) filter assembly comprising of an absorbing layer filled with magnetic material in a form of microwires, metallic ribbons or powder, the magnetic material-filled layer in close proximity to an electrical conductor carrying a common mode noise current superimposed on a functional differential-mode current. The absorbing layer performs the EMI filtering by means of reflection and absorption of high frequency energy of the common mode current due to the high magnetic permeability of the layer's magnetic substance. An appropriate filler compound reinforces the magnetic substance in the magnetic material-filled layer. A circuit laminate which is adjacent to the magnetic material-filled layer supports the electrical conductor(s), to give a basic structure of a PCB filter in which the magnetic material is embedded. Various configurations of the basic filter assembly are described, such as multi-layer filters and optimized transmission lines.

Abstract: A magnetic marker for use in an article surveillance system, and an electronic article surveillance system utilizing the same are presented. The marker comprises a magnetic element formed by at least one microwire piece made of an amorphous metal-containing material coated with glass. The microwire piece has substantially zero magnetostriction, coercivity substantially less than 10 A/m, and permeability substantially higher than 20000.

Abstract: A magnetic microwire for use in a magnetic tag attachable to a product is provided to enable authentication of the product, as well as the magnetic tag, a detector device and a system for product authentication utilizing the same. The magnetic microwire is a glass-coated amorphous magnetic microwire characterized by a large Barkhausen discontinuity and substantially zero or positive magnetostriction. The microwire is responsive to an external alternating magnetic field generated by the detector device to produce short pulses of magnetic field perturbations.

Abstract: An electrical single-phase transformer with a coil and core(s) assembly having a polygon-shaped coil with two or more windings and a central window and a system of magnetic cores which extend through the coil window.

Abstract: A filter for wires and cables comprising at least one pair of inner conductive wires made of an electrically conductive metal covered with an outer layer of magnetic absorbing material. This outer layer is formed from glass-coated microwires containing soft ferromagnetic amorphous material, preferably wound about the conductive wires to form a thin ferromagnetic layer. The filter may include two or more pairs of inner conductors with the ferromagnetic outer layers implemented separately or as a single common outer layer. The inner pairs of conductors may be either straight or twisted.

Abstract: A process for producing an Al--Si casting alloy. An alloy is heated to a first temperature to produce a melt and over heat it. A modifier is then added to the melt. The modifier includes an ultra disperse powder capable of remaining in a solid state during the entire alloy production process. The alloy is treated with ultrasound. The alloy is degassed or fluxed, and the melt is poured.

Abstract: A heating pipe including a substantially tubular, electrically insulative inner element configured to allow flow of a liquid therethrough. An electric heating element in the form of a substantially flat ribbon of overheated amorphous metallic alloy is wound in a substantially helical pattern around the inner element. The helical pattern defines adjacent, electrically insulated windings. The inner element electrically insulates the heating element from liquid in the inner element. An electrically insulative outer element is provided for electrically and thermally insulating the heating element from the surrounding ambient environment.

Abstract: A heating pipe including a substantially tubular, electrically insulative inner element configured to allow flow of a liquid therethrough. An electric heating element in the form of a substantially flat ribbon of overheated amorphous metallic alloy is wound in a substantially helical pattern around the inner element. The helical pattern defines adjacent, electrically insulated windings. The inner element electrically insulates the heating element from liquid in the inner element. An electrically insulative outer element is provided for electrically and thermally insulating the heating element from the surrounding ambient environment.

Abstract: A heating pipe including a substantially tubular, electrically insulative inner element configured to allow flow of a liquid therethrough. An electric heating element in the form of a substantially flat ribbon of overheated amorphous metallic alloy is wound in a substantially helical pattern around the inner element. The helical pattern defines adjacent, electrically insulated windings. The inner element electrically insulates the heating element from liquid in the inner element. An electrically insulative outer element is provided for electrically and thermally insulating the heating element from the surrounding ambient environment.

Abstract: An electrical heating system uses heating elements made of ribbons of amorphous metallic alloys. The heating elements have a large area using long and wide ribbons, to achieve good heat transfer to the surroundings, that is low thermal resistance. The area of the heating elements and thus the thermal resistance is determined according to the desired thermal power, under the constraint of a low operating temperature, that is a temperature well below the embrittlement temperature of the amorphous alloy used in the heating elements. The operating temperature is preferably kept low enough so as not to generate benzopyrene or other unhealthy or ecologically unfavorable fumes or gases. The thin ribbons with low thermal resistance also have a fast heating constant, that is the heater reaches its steady state temperature in a short time. The electrical heating system uses low cost insulation and support materials, that is materials intended for use at low temperatures only.