Abstract: A handling device for X-ray film cassettes with a sheet shaped receiving material sensitive to X-rays comprises an input slot for introducing a cassette, a separate output slot for removing a cassette, the input and output slots extending substantially in the vertical direction, a cassette input stack container for accommodating cassettes to be inserted into the input slot and associated with the latter, and a cassette output stack container for receiving cassettes withdrawn from the output slot and associated with the latter, the input stack container having a bottom surface which extends downwardly towards the input slot and a rearwardly inclined rear wall which borders and aligns with the input slot, the input stack container being provided with transporting unit for a first cassette accommodated in a cassette stack and having its end side aligned with the input slot, the output stack container also having a rearwardly inclined rear wall and a downwardly forwardly inclined bottom surface provided with a ca

Abstract: A method and a reading station for processing a cassette containing an X-ray film coated with a layer of stimulatable phosphorus are proposed. The cassette with the film therein, before being positioned in the reading station, is exposed to X-rays to produce a latent image thereon. The film is then removed from the cassette and the phosphorus layer is brought by a laser beam scanner to luminescence so that the emitted light converts the latent image into digital electric signals stored in the central memory. The film is then erased and re-inserted into the same cassette within the reading station.

Abstract: A method of checking the presence or absence of an X-ray sheet film in a cassette inserted into an automatic film unloading or loading apparatus, utilizes a proximity sensor arranged in the apparatus to sense position changes of a sheet film supporting foil which is arranged for a limited movement in the cassette. The proximity sensor is connected to an electronic control device which controls the operational sequence of the unloading and loading apparatus. When the gripping member preferably in the form of a suction cup seizes a sheet film on the supporting means in the cassette, the supporting means remain in its rest position after the sheet film is removed. However, if no film is present on the supporting means, the suction cup seizes the supporting means and displaces the same from its rest position. This change is sensed by the sensor and a signal is delivered to the electronic control circuit which modifies the operational sequence accordingly.

Abstract: By complete removal of the friction lining material, grooves or slots are formed in a friction lining made of organic material, the grooves being openings or gaps that are initially closed at the ends. The friction lining is applied as a continuous member onto a support and the ends of the grooves are opened by removal of the friction lining material closing them.

Abstract: An arrangement for unloading and loading of x-ray sheet film cassettes of standardized but different sizes of their flat sides which also can be used for receiving different sheet film sorts and reloadable with respective sheet film sorts, comprises a light-tight closeable shaft for receiving a cassette, transporting unit for inserting and withdrawing of the cassettes, unit for positioning the cassette at a cassette corner which is the same for all cassettes, a mechanically-electronic comparison device for determining the format of a cassette, an opening device for the cassette, unit for withdrawing a film and inserting of a new film into the cassette, and unit for automatically distinguishing of cassette types with the same sizes or size regions and loadable with different film sorts and including at least one outwardly sensible marking provided on the cassettes of at least one type, at least one sensor arranged to sense the marking with a positioned cassette, and a comparison device which is connected for t

Abstract: A drill for performing a roughing cut in a workpiece as the drill is advanced, and performing a finishing cut as the drill is retracted. A blade carrier is mounted eccentrically on the drill to be movable between first and second positions. In the first position, the blade is located for a roughing cut. In the second position, the blade is shifted radially for a finishing cut. A spring biases the carrier toward the second position and yields when the carrier moves to the first position. The spring bias is too weak to overcome reaction forces acting on the blade during a roughing cut, wherein the roughing cut reaction forces cause the carrier to be shifted to the first (roughing cut) position. The spring bias is strong enough to overcome the weaker reaction forces occurring during a finishing cut, so that the carrier is automatically shifted to the second (finishing cut) position when the drill is withdrawn through the workpiece.

Abstract: A device for loading and unloading X-ray film cassettes into a light-sealed compartment includes a device for opening a lid of the cassette inserted in the compartment. The lid-opening device comprises a motor-driven control disc which via a crank rod shifts a support carrying a cassette positioning device, and a lid-opening hook which can swing in two normal directions and cooperates with the lid of the cassette to open the latter.

Abstract: An x-ray film sheet cassette, comprises a bottom part, and a cover part which are turnable relative to one another and lockable with one another, an element forming a guiding surface in the bottom part for guiding a film sheet during its insertion into the cassette between the bottom part and the cover part, a suction cup arranged in the bottom part for attracting a film sheet and having an upper edge, and a spring element arranged in the bottom part and formed so that when the cover part is open, the spring element lifts the guiding surface above a level of the upper edge of the suction cup, and when the cover is closed it presses the guiding surface and the spring element downwardly so that the suction cup is brought into contact with a film sheet.

Abstract: A transport roller made of plastics by extrusion and used for photomechanical apparatus for transporting film or X-ray cassettes or the like is formed as a sleeve having an internal recess, the surface of which is provided with a plurality of inwardly radially protruding ribs which ensure a stable and rigid structure of the roller without requiring a metallic core in the roller.

Abstract: A device for producing photographic pictures from X-ray or UV images projected on an image screen, comprises a film-supporting platform having a slot for introducing a film into the platform and through which the film is removed from the platform. The device further includes a pair of film-transporting rollers positioned outside of the slot and at a distance therefrom. The platform also has at its lower side recesses into which engaging members are pivoted to support a lower edge of each film on the platform and lift the film when the latter is to be removed from the platform.

Abstract: An X-ray sheet film cassette is assembled of a bottom wall, side walls and a cover hinged to an upper part of one side wall. The lower part of the one side wall adjoining the bottom wall is reduced in thickness to form an abutment for the sheet film. The inner surface of the cover is provided with a resilient pressing pad which during the closing of the cover urges the sheet film against the abutment and in the closed condition of the cassette presses the film against the bottom. In this manner, when taking X-ray pictures of a part of patient's body which forms an angle relative to another body part, the unexposed section of the first mentioned body part which is adjacent the other body part, is minimized and well defined in position relative to the other body part.

Abstract: A suction device is movable between a receiving position in which it removes a sheet of film from a magazine and a delivery position in which it transfers the sheet to a conveyor. The effective width of the suction device approximates or equals the width of the smallest sheet of film to be transferred. Sheets having a width greater than the smallest width are gripped in the region of one end thereof leaving the remainder of such a sheet free to deflect. In order to permit proper transfer of all sheets into the conveyor, the latter is provided with grooved rollers which lift the deflected portions of larger sheets into the conveyor. In the delivery position, the suction device is located opposite one portion of the conveyor. The conveying force exerted by this portion of the conveyor is smaller than the gripping force which the suction device exerts on a sheet but larger than the conveying force exerted by a laterally adjacent portion of the conveyor.

Abstract: In a process of producing coarse pure potassium chloride crystals from feed solutions containing potassium chloride and other impurities, comprising cooling the solution under a vacuum in a plurality of stages connected in series, withdrawing by means of a conveyor the potassium chloride which has been crystallized in each stage, withdrawing the water vapors, collecting crystalline potassium chloride from the solution, drying the crystalline potassium chloride and separating the same into several fractions, compacting the fine fraction and cooling and aminating the end product, the potassium chloride content of the feed solution is increased in that potassium chloride from one or more of the stages containing solution at a low temperature is recycled to the feed solution before the latter enters the first stage.

Abstract: A laminate for conversion of X-rays into radiation that darkens X-ray films has a flexible plate which is disposed between a fluorescent layer and a ferromagnetic layer. The latter enables the plate and the fluorescent layer to bear against an X-ray film in a cassette or at an exposure station for X-ray films by being attracted to a plate-like permanent magnet. The ferromagnetic layer is permanently bonded to the respective side of the flexible plate or is simply confined between the plate and an outer layer which is permeable to X-rays and whose marginal portions extend beyond the ferromagnetic layer and are bonded to the respective marginal portions of the plate. Alternatively, the ferromagnetic layer can be inserted into a sealable envelope or bag which is bonded to the respective side of the plate, namely, to that side of the plate which away from the fluorescent layer.

Abstract: A cassette for sheet film has a cover and a bottom which are hinged to one another along a longitudinal edge of the cassette. Locking elements for locking the cover and bottom when the cassette is closed are arranged at the opposite longitudinal edge of the cassette. The cover and bottom cooperate to define a film compartment and the bottom has a rigid, flat wall for supporting a sheet of film. The cover has a window for exposing the film in the compartment and is further provided with a slot which slidably receives a shield for protecting the film against light until such time as the film is to be exposed. A resilient rim is mounted on the cover and extends around the window. The rim is arranged to press the margins of the film against the rigid wall of the bottom when the cassette is closed. The hinged connection of the cover and the bottom causes the rim to contact the film progressively as the cassette is closed so that the rim stretches the film flat over the rigid wall of the bottom.

Abstract: An arrangement for introduction of a film magazine into a film-processing device has a housing which defines an inlet slot through which the film magazine is inserted. The film magazine has a film stack carrier provided with at least one opening for removal of the film and a casing member which is movable with respect to the film stack carrier. In order to guarantee the light-tight shielding during the introduction of the film magazine, a shutter is provided along the inlet slot which is parallel movable within the interior of the housing and serves as support for the film stack carrier. The shutter has a circumferential edge which cooperates with a respective circumferential edge of the housing for providing a first light-tight shielding and a second light-tight shielding is provided through cooperation of the circumferential edge with a respective groove provided in the casing member.

Abstract: A cassette or an analogous support for sheet-like X-ray film has a bottom wall and a top wall which latter is connected to the bottom wall by a hinge. One of the walls carries a magnetic plate which is overlapped by a first intensifier screen for the X-ray film. The other wall carries a flat flexible receptacle for a ferromagnetic layer therewithin, and the receptacle is overlapped by a second intensifier screen. When a film is inserted between the two screens, the cassette is closed whereby the magnetic layer attracts the ferromagnetic layer with the result that the two screens are biased against the respective sides of the film therebetween. The second screen may constitute an integral part of the receptacle which latter consists of a material, such as paper or synthetic plastic, that is permeable to X-rays.

Abstract: A cassette with two chambers for discrete cut films has a centrally disposed plate-like partition with two identical sides, and a pair of identical covers each of which is adjacent to a different side of the partition and is pivotably attached to the partition by a hinge for movement between an open and a closed position. The covers have exposure apertures and carry slidable plate-like shutters which can slide in slots of the respective covers to permit or prevent entry of light by way of the respective apertures. The film chambers are separated from each other by the central portion of the partition, and the latter further carries locks for releasably holding the covers in their closed positions. The lock for one of the covers is provided at that side of the partition which is adjacent to the other cover, and vice versa.

Abstract: X-ray film in a cassette or camera is magnetically gripped by a pair of magnetic units which engage opposite sides of the film. Each of the units includes a sheet of magnetic material and an intensifying screen located on that side of the associated magnetic sheet which faces the other unit. The units have cooperating first portions which engage a first region of the film and cooperating second portions which engage a second region of the film. The units are designed in such a manner that the magnetic force of the second portions exceeds that of the first portions so that the second region of the film is gripped more strongly than its first region. Furthermore, the units are arranged such that the second portions thereof engage the film no later than the first portions thereof. In this manner, entrapment of air bubbles on the surface of the film is prevented and image quality is improved.

Abstract: A plane film cassette has a housing with an illumination opening and a slot, a light-protective cover insertable into the slot to protect a film, and light-tight elements located at opposite sides of the slot and magnetically attractable towards one another so that one of the light-tight elements can move towards the other light-tight element, whereby with the inserted light-protective cover this light-tight element abuts against the latter and with the withdrawn light-protective cover the light-tight elements abut against one another in light-tight manner.