Abstract: Survey design for data acquisition using marine non-impulsive sources can include operating a first marine non-impulsive source at over a first frequency range for a first sweep length and operating a second marine non-impulsive source over a second frequency range for a second sweep length. The first sweep length can be based on available geological information of a subsurface location that is a target of a marine seismic survey, an intended speed of a marine survey vessel, and the first frequency range. The second sweep length can be based on the available geological information, the intended speed, and the second frequency range.

Abstract: Parameters of a sweep signal that controls operation of a marine non-impulsive source can be set. Setting the parameters can include selecting a stop frequency of the sweep signal, defining a taper of the sweep signal, and adjusting an initial phase of the sweep signal. The parameters can be set such that a magnitude of an amplitude spectrum of a combined output of a marine impulsive source and the marine non-impulsive source is greater than or equal to a magnitude of an amplitude spectrum of a marine impulsive source output at frequencies below the stop frequency. A controller of the marine non-impulsive source can be programmed with the sweep signal having the parameters set to control the marine non-impulsive source.

Abstract: Determining a far field signature of a source array can include receiving data associated with a sea surface state and determining a coherent portion and an incoherent portion of a reflection coefficient of the sea surface based on the received data. A notional source signature of each source of the source array can be determined based on the coherent portion, the incoherent portion, and near field data associated with each of the sources, and the far field signature of the source array can be determined based on the notional source signatures of each of the sources. The notional source signature and the far field signature can be stored. A seismic image of a subsurface location can be generated based on the determined far field signature.

Abstract: Non-impulsive source actuation can include actuating a plurality of non-impulsive sources such that each one of a plurality of common midpoint (CMP) bins receives a desired aggregate signal exposure. Each one of the plurality of non-impulsive sources exposes each one of the plurality of CMP bins to a different part of the desired aggregate signal exposure at different times during the survey.

Abstract: Marine survey data resulting from a first signal comprising a signal representing a flat spectral far-field pressure generated by a marine vibrator source swept over a frequency range according to a time function of motion such that acceleration of the marine vibrator source is a flat function in a frequency domain can be used to improve full waveform inversion. For example, full waveform inversion can be performed using the marine survey data received from the first signal and from a second signal generated by an impulsive seismic source to estimate a physical property of a subsurface location.

Abstract: Survey design for data acquisition using marine non-impulsive sources can include operating a first marine non-impulsive source at over a first frequency range for a first sweep length and operating a second marine non-impulsive source over a second frequency range for a second sweep length. The first sweep length can be based on available geological information of a subsurface location that is a target of a marine seismic survey, an intended speed of a marine survey vessel, and the first frequency range. The second sweep length can be based on the available geological information, the intended speed, and the second frequency range.

Abstract: Marine seismic use of a harmonic distorted signal can include calculating a source wavefield based on nearfield measurements of a direct arrival signal from a marine vibrator source including harmonic distortion, calculating a receiver wavefield based on far-field measurements of a signal from the marine vibrator source after reflection from a subsurface location, and performing a multidimensional deconvolution of a source ghost effect, a source signature effect, and the harmonic distortion from the calculated receiver wavefield to determine a reflectivity of the subsurface location with the harmonic distortion suppressed.

Abstract: Determining a far field signature of a source array can include receiving data associated with a sea surface state and determining a coherent portion and an incoherent portion of a reflection coefficient of the sea surface based on the received data. A notional source signature of each source of the source array can be determined based on the coherent portion, the incoherent portion, and near field data associated with each of the sources, and the far field signature of the source array can be determined based on the notional source signatures of each of the sources. The notional source signature and the far field signature can be stored.

Abstract: Parameters of a sweep signal that controls operation of a marine non-impulsive source can be set. Setting the parameters can include selecting a stop frequency of the sweep signal, defining a taper of the sweep signal, and adjusting an initial phase of the sweep signal. The parameters can be set such that a magnitude of an amplitude spectrum of a combined output of a marine impulsive source and the marine non-impulsive source is greater than or equal to a magnitude of an amplitude spectrum of a marine impulsive source output at frequencies below the stop frequency. A controller of the marine non-impulsive source can be programmed with the sweep signal having the parameters set to control the marine non-impulsive source.

Abstract: Disclosed are directed to dipole-type sources and associated methods and systems. A dipole-type source may comprise a first bender plate and a second bender plate. The dipole-type source may further comprise a first cavity coupled to the first bender plate and a second cavity coupled to the second bender plate. The dipole-type source may further comprise one or more drivers in fluid communication with the first cavity and/or the second cavity, wherein the one or more drivers are operable to drive a respective fluid between at least one of the one or more drivers and the first cavity and between at least one of the one or more drivers and the second cavity, such that the first and second bender plate oscillate at least substantially synchronously in the same direction to generate an up-going wave and a down-going wave with opposite polarity.

Abstract: Marine survey data resulting from a first signal comprising a signal representing a flat spectral far-field pressure generated by a marine vibrator source swept over a frequency range according to a time function of motion such that acceleration of the marine vibrator source is a flat function in a frequency domain can be used to improve full waveform inversion. For example, full waveform inversion can be performed using the marine survey data received from the first signal and from a second signal generated by an impulsive seismic source to estimate a physical property of a subsurface location.