Abstract: A device for detecting the position of an object in a machine tool includes a camera configured to provide an image of the object and an object carrier to which the object is connected and whose position within the machine tool is known. A first processing unit is configured to identify a position of the object relative to the camera based on geometric features of the object which are obtained from the image. A second processing unit is configured to identify a position of the object carrier relative to the camera based on geometric features of the object carrier which are obtained from the image. A third processing unit is configured to determine a position of the object relative to the object carrier from the identified positions of the object and the object carrier relative to the camera.

Abstract: A vibration sensor includes a mass block supported with the aid of at least one spring in a manner allowing movement relative to a frame in a measuring direction, a displacement of the mass block in the measuring direction relative to the frame being detectable by a position-measuring device. The position-measuring device includes a measuring standard and a scanning head aligned with the measuring standard. One of these two components is secured on the mass block, and the other is secured on the frame.

Abstract: A vibration sensor includes a mass block supported with the aid of at least one spring in a manner allowing movement relative to a frame in a measuring direction, a displacement of the mass block in the measuring direction relative to the frame being detectable by a position-measuring device. The position-measuring device includes a measuring standard and a scanning head aligned with the measuring standard. One of these two components is secured on the mass block, and the other is secured on the frame.

Abstract: A device for detecting the position of an object in a machine tool includes a camera configured to provide an image of the object and an object carrier to which the object is connected and whose position within the machine tool is known. A first processing unit is configured to identify a position of the object relative to the camera based on geometric features of the object which are obtained from the image. A second processing unit is configured to identify a position of the object carrier relative to the camera based on geometric features of the object carrier which are obtained from the image. A third processing unit is configured to determine a position of the object relative to the object carrier from the identified positions of the object and the object carrier relative to the camera.

Abstract: The rotor position of a synchronous motor is determined, in that for a plurality of current vectors distributed over one electrical rotation of the synchronous motor, the amount of the current vector which is necessary to attain a defined deflection of the rotor is determined. The position of the rotor may be calculated from the position of the minima of the amounts thus determined, taking into account the direction of rotation of the rotor. The engagement of a brake may ensure that grooving forces and machine vibrations play no role for the method to determine the rotor position.

Abstract: The rotor position of a synchronous motor is determined, in that for a plurality of current vectors distributed over one electrical rotation of the synchronous motor, the amount of the current vector which is necessary to attain a defined deflection of the rotor is determined. The position of the rotor may be calculated from the position of the minima of the amounts thus determined, taking into account the direction of rotation of the rotor. The engagement of a brake may ensure that grooving forces and machine vibrations play no role for the method to determine the rotor position.

Abstract: A method for testing a frequency converter having individual switching elements and motor connectors for each phase of the frequency converter. The method includes selectively activating the individual switching elements of the frequency converter and applying a control pattern to a control input of each phase of the frequency converter. Registering voltage patterns occurring at the motor connectors for each phase of the frequency converter, wherein the registering is performed for each of the motor connectors via a single test line that is capacitively connected to the motor connectors. Comparing the control pattern applied to the control input with the voltage patterns registered for each phase of the frequency converter. Detecting a malfunction in the frequency converter in case of a deviation of the voltage patterns, registered at the motor connectors, from voltage patterns expected as a result of the control pattern applied to the control input.

Abstract: A method for testing a frequency converter having individual switching elements and motor connectors for each phase of the frequency converter. The method includes selectively activating the individual switching elements of the frequency converter and applying a control pattern to a control input of each phase of the frequency converter. Registering voltage patterns occurring at the motor connectors for each phase of the frequency converter, wherein the registering is performed for each of the motor connectors via a single test line that is capacitively connected to the motor connectors. Comparing the control pattern applied to the control input with the voltage patterns registered for each phase of the frequency converter. Detecting a malfunction in the frequency converter in case of a deviation of the voltage patterns, registered at the motor connectors, from voltage patterns expected as a result of the control pattern applied to the control input.

Abstract: A method of non-linear display of routes of a machine-tool or another mechanism and including determining a set path based on stored commands and determining an actual path based on actual displacements during operation of the machine-tool or another mechanism resulting from execution of the stored commands, graphically displaying the set path and components of the actual path, which extend parallel to the set path, at a first scale, graphically displaying components of the actual path, which extend perpendicular to the set path, at a second scale, and graphically displaying at a selected points of the set path, the set path and the components of the actual path, which extend parallel to the set path, at a third scale and the components of the actual path, which extend perpendicular to the set path, at a fourth scale.

Abstract: A fail-safe system to connect a mobile input unit with a machine control unit, implementing a redundant preprocessing of the user inputs in the mobile input unit. The signals from the input means are routed to two processors of the input unit, and both processors encode the user inputs before transmitting the signals to the control unit. In the control unit, the received and encoded user inputs are decoded by two processors and subsequently compared to one another for concordance. When concordance is given, the received data is further processed in the control. If there is no concordance, an error routine is executed, shutting down the machine tool.

Abstract: An encoder for determining a position of an object and including a measuring standard, a standard carrier, and a scanner displaceable relative to the measuring standard for scanning the measuring standard, with the limit positions switches being formed as magnetic stripes secured in the end positions of the at least one of measuring standard and the standard carrier, and with the scanner including a Hall element for scanning the magnetic stripes.

Abstract: In a position measuring system, periodic scanning signals are obtained by scanning a measurement embodiment. These scanning signals are interpolated with greater precision with the aid of a subdivision circuit. Interpolation values are deposited in a memory unit in individual addressable storage units. The present invention reduces the required memory space to one eighth of its original size. In addition, the geometric arrangement of the memory unit is altered making the position measuring system adaptable to VLSI technology.

Abstract: An evaluating circuit for evaluating square wave signals is provided. A plurality of square wave signals are transmitted to a memory which has a number of bistable toggle stages which correspond to the number of square wave signals. The toggle stages are driven by an auxiliary clock signal. An up-down counter is also driven by the auxiliary clock. The circuit further includes a comparator which compares the square wave signals and the state of the up-down counter and generates a control signal over at least one control line to the up-down counter in response to the comparison. The state of the up-down counter is changed in an up or down direction or not changed in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for representing a processed workpiece in perspective with invisible covered edges on the picture screen of a numerically controlled machine tool includes the steps of resolving both the workpiece and the tool into equidistant sections and storing the coordinates of these sections in a RAM. In correspondence to the relative movements of the tool and workpiece determined by the numerical control program, the associated sections of the tool and workpiece are superimposed in an image point memory. With the aid of a simple algorithm the section contour of the workpiece is altered by the superposition is determined, and its coordinates are stored in the RAM. After this process has been completed for all section planes, all sections are successively fed into the image point memory, with succeeding sections offset by several image points in the X and Z directions with respect to the preceding sections.

Abstract: An electrical circuit for the graphic processing of resulting contours of several polygonal superposed images stored in memory. Such images, commonly used for numeric machine tool controls, graphically represent a workpiece as sectional contours. The circuit of the present invention, after initialization, determines the inner and outer polygonal contour of the resultant superposed images. The processing speed of the present invention is one to two orders of magnitude greater than the corresponding processing speed of comparable software programs. This high speed processing enables the present invention to represent the effect of a machine tool on a workpiece in three dimensions in real time. By combining this circuit with additional components a relatively inexpensive high speed graphics processor can be created.