Abstract: An information notification device includes a central processing unit. The central processing unit is configured to acquire information on the state of deterioration of a vehicle lamp of a vehicle, and is configured to propose replacement or maintenance of a lens of the vehicle lamp and also propose customization of the vehicle lamp, based on the information.

Abstract: A polyolefin microporous membrane having a film thickness of 1 ?m to 30 ?m; an air permeability of 500 sec/100 cm3 or less; and a withstand voltage reduction rate of 1.0% or greater and 17.0% or less due to pressing under conditions of a temperature of 60° C., a pressure of 3.4 MPa, and a compression time of 1 sec or a withstand voltage reduction rate of 1.0% or greater and 28.0% or less due to pressing under conditions of a temperature of 70° C., a pressure of 8 MPa, and a compression time of 3 min, or having a polyethylene crystal long period before compression of 35.0 nm or more, measured by a small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) method, and a diffraction peak-to-peak distance of 2.410° or more and 2.600° or less derived from a (110) plane and a (200) plane of a polyethylene crystal before compression is provided.

Abstract: A polyolefin porous film is provided which has a film thickness of 1-30 ?m and an air permeability of at most 500 sec/100 cm3, and which has a 30% or higher porosity after compression, measured in a compression test under the conditions in which the temperature is 70° C., the pressure is 8 MPa and the compression time is 3 minutes.

Abstract: Provided is a lamination molding apparatus which can prevent the recoater head from being damaged when the recoater head clashes with an obstacle. Provided is a lamination molding apparatus including: a recoater head to form a material powder layer by moving in a chamber while supplying a material powder on a molding region and planarizing the material powder; wherein the recoater head is configured so as to be capable of being moved by a recoater head driving mechanism; the recoater head driving mechanism includes: a servo motor to move the recoater head; an encoder to detect a movement amount of the recoater head; and a controlling apparatus to control the servo motor in accordance with a value detected by the encoder; and the controlling apparatus is configured to place the servo motor in a non-control state when clashing of the recoater head with an obstacle is detected.

Abstract: Provided is a lamination molding apparatus which can prevent the recoater head from being damaged when the recoater head clashes with an obstacle. Provided is a lamination molding apparatus including: a recoater head to form a material powder layer by moving in a chamber while supplying a material powder on a molding region and planarizing the material powder; wherein the recoater head is configured so as to be capable of being moved by a recoater head driving mechanism; the recoater head driving mechanism includes: a servo motor to move the recoater head; an encoder to detect a movement amount of the recoater head; and a controlling apparatus to control the servo motor in accordance with a value detected by the encoder; and the controlling apparatus is configured to place the servo motor in a non-control state when clashing of the recoater head with an obstacle is detected.

Abstract: A muffler having a shell of a double-layer structure includes an inner shell that is formed by fixing ends of a tubularly rolled plate material to each other through a lock seam, and an outer shell that is formed substantially in the same manner as the inner shell. In this muffler, a through-hole is provided through the inner shell at a position where the inner shell overlaps with a lock seam portion of the outer shell.

Abstract: A muffler having a shell of a double-layer structure includes an inner shell that is formed by fixing ends of a tubularly rolled plate material to each other through a lock seam, and an outer shell that is formed substantially in the same manner as the inner shell. In this muffler, a through-hole is provided through the inner shell at a position where the inner shell overlaps with a lock seam portion of the outer shell.

Abstract: A switching element 100 includes an insulating substrate 10, a first electrode 20 provided on the insulating substrate 10, a second electrode 30 provided on the insulating substrate 10, and an interelectrode gap 40 provided between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30, a distance G between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30 being 0 nm<G?50 nm.

Abstract: Provided is a detection method and device for analyzing trace substance of interest in a short time and with high accuracy without the need of performing any treatment for binding a fluorescent substance to the substance of interest or using any large apparatus. The substance of interest is detected by being immobilizing on a surface of any one of a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a luminescent layer, a buffer layer, and inside surfaces of electrodes for an organic electroluminescent device based on a change in at least one luminescent property selected from luminescence intensity, luminous efficiency, and emission spectrum of the organic electroluminescent device before and after the immobilization of the substance of interest.

Abstract: Provided is a detection method and device for analyzing trace substance of interest in a short time and with high accuracy without the need of performing any treatment for binding a fluorescent substance to the substance of interest or using any large apparatus. The substance of interest is detected by being immobilizing on a surface of any one of a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, a luminescent layer, a buffer layer, and inside surfaces of electrodes for an organic electroluminescent device based on a change in at least one luminescent property selected from luminescence intensity, luminous efficiency, and emission spectrum of the organic electroluminescent device before and after the immobilization of the substance of interest.

Abstract: A switching element 100 includes an insulating substrate 10, a first electrode 20 provided on the insulating substrate 10, a second electrode 30 provided on the insulating substrate 10, and an interelectrode gap 40 provided between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30, a distance G between the first electrode 20 and the second electrode 30 being 0 nm<C?50 nm.

Abstract: There is provided a structure for mounting a headlamp cleaner including pistons having a nozzle cover and an injection nozzle at the front ends, and a cylinder for moving the pistons back and forth from a bumper. The cylinder is mounted in the bumper via a bracket having mating pieces which mate with a mounting hole provided in the bumper and positioning projections which are inserted into the mounting hole and used for positioning the bracket with respect to the planar horizontal direction.

Abstract: There is provided a structure for mounting a headlamp cleaner including pistons having a nozzle cover and an injection nozzle at the front ends, and a cylinder for moving the pistons back and forth from a bumper. The cylinder is mounted in the bumper via a bracket having mating pieces which mate with a mounting hole provided in the bumper and positioning projections which are inserted into the mounting hole and used for positioning the bracket with respect to the planar horizontal direction.

Abstract: A tapered carbon microelectrode is produced by extruding an organic material or a composition composed of crystalline carbon fine powder and an organic binder into a thin rod form, carbonizing said rod by calcining to produce a pure carbon thin rod, soaking the resulting thin rod as an anode in an electrolytic solution, gradually pulling up the thin rod while electrochemically oxidizing the tip portion of the thin rod. Then a lead wire is connected with the thick portion of the thin rod followed by coating all the surface except the conically sharp tip portion.The tapered carbon electrode can be used for various electrochemical measurements and scanning tunneling microscope.

Abstract: A probe is shifted at a distance where the probe and a material to be obsed are sufficiently far away from each other relative to the roughness of the material's surface. This method prevents the probe from colliding with the material's surface during the shift of the probe thereby enabling high speed shift of the probe. Further, a micro-drive mechanism for controlling tunnel currents may be stopped during the shift in order to minimize the drift which may be caused by heat generated inside the micro-drive mechanism. Therefore, it is particularly advantageous to apply this STM measuring method for high-speed and stable measurement of a very large surface area and a very rough surface.

Abstract: A relative displacement control apparatus provides both coarse and extremely fine precise control over displacements between a sample and a detecting probe as required, e.g. in operations of optical instruments, analyzing instruments and scanning tunneling microscopes. This precise fine displacement is produced through a double-lever-action which is created substantially by means of an arm assembly preferably with a piezoelectric drive for precise displacement control, a support pivotally holding the arm assembly, a rigid arm fixed solidly atop the support and a pointed stop or "foot" fixed in the proximity of the free end of the rigid arm.