Abstract: A compliant column sheath assembly for use in a gas chromatograph is provided which includes an open tubular column in the form of a helical coil having a coiled length of between about 5 and 15 cm. The sheath assembly further includes an insulating sheath which surrounds the open tubular column and a frame. When incorporated in a gas chromatograph, the compliant column sheath assembly allows samples to be analyzed in about 2 to 10 seconds.

Abstract: A compliant column sheath assembly for use in a gas chromatograph is provided which includes an open tubular column in the form of a helical coil having a coiled lengt of between about 5 and 15 cm. The sheath assembly further includes an insulating sheath which surrounds the open tubular column and a frame. When incorporated in a gas chromatograph, the compliant column sheath assembly allows samples to be analyzed in about 2 to 10 seconds.

Abstract: A method of admitting and receiving a sample into a gas chromatographic column is provided in which a step increase in pressure is performed in combination with the application of a negative axial thermal gradient to provide pre-separation of solutes in the sample within the inlet region of the column. The method includes the steps of introducing a sample into the column at a first pressure and temperature, rapidly raising the temperature to invoke a negative axial thermal gradient, and then substantially instantaneously increasing the pressure. The method causes the solutes in the sample to be partially separated into narrow zones within the inlet region, resulting in eventually achieving maximum resolution.

Abstract: Gas chromatographic methods and apparatus are disclosed whereby improved separation times and efficiency are achieved by provision of a rapid transfer of heat or cooling from a heating or cooling source to the chromatographic column. The column is provided within an insulating sheath. A resistance heating element disposed in the sheath and optional heated or cooling gas flow through the sheath is capable of rapdily changing the temperature imparted to the column thereby.

Abstract: Gas chromatographic methods and apparatus are disclosed whereby improved separation times and efficiency are achieved by provision of a time-programmable curvilinearly-shaped negative temperature gradient along the length of the chromatographic column. The gas phase sample traveling through the column always passes to a column zone having a lower temperature than the previous column zone. Accordingly, upon elution, sample bandwidths are compressed. Separation times may be decreased when compared to conventional isothermal or temperature programmed gas chromatography.