Abstract: A surface vehicle capable of overcoming obstacles is disclosed in which the vehicle accelerates vertically while having a horizontal velocity. The vehicle has a frame and at least three wheels attached to the frame to which a horizontal propulsion system is coupled. Further, a vertical propulsion system is coupled to the frame and the wheels. The vertical propulsion system is capable of providing a force to such wheels normal to the surface so that the vehicle separates from the surface. The vehicle has an electronic control unit coupled to the vertical propulsion system to automatically control its operation. Further, sensors are used to evaluate the characteristics of the surface that pertain to supporting a vertical acceleration/deceleration.

Abstract: A surface vehicle capable of overcoming obstacles is disclosed in which the vehicle accelerates vertically while having a horizontal velocity. The vehicle has a frame and at least three wheels attached to the frame to which a horizontal propulsion system is coupled. Further, a vertical propulsion system is coupled to the frame and the wheels. The vertical propulsion system is capable of providing a force to such wheels normal to the surface so that the vehicle separates from the surface. The vehicle has an electronic control unit coupled to the vertical propulsion system to automatically control its operation.

Abstract: A motor vehicle drive axle including a center housing, a pair of axle tubes, and a pair of axle bars in respective ones of the axle tubes. A gear assembly in the center housing includes a pinion shaft, a pinion gear on the pinion shaft, and a differential gear set. A pump driven by the pinion shaft has an inlet exposed to liquid lubricant in a pool in the center housing and a discharge connected to a pair of tubular spray bars in respective ones of the axle tubes. Each spray bar has a plurality of nozzles arrayed along its length aimed generally at the uppermost extremity of the inside surface of the corresponding axle tube. When the pinion shaft rotates, the pump pumps hot liquid lubricant into the spray bars at an elevated pressure and out of the spray bars through the nozzles as jets which impinge on the inside surfaces of the axle tubes near the uppermost extremities thereof.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided with pistons having openings connecting the space behind one of the piston rings with the crankcase during certain portions of the operating cycle of the engine. This is accomplished by the use of a differential pressure control valve that vents the unburned hydrocarbons trapped behind the compression ring to the crankcase during periods when the pressure in the combustion chamber is at the lower values during the internal combustion engine operating cycle. These unburned hydrocarbons are, therefore, directed into the crankcase of the engine rather than being permitted to leak back into the combustion chamber and to be discharged into the atmosphere during the exhaust stroke of the engine.