Abstract: Methods and devices that provide enhanced delivery of a composition to a body region of a patient utilizing radiofrequency energy include directing a first electrode and a second electrode coupled to a radiofrequency energy source to a location proximate to the body region. Radiofrequency energy is provided in modulated pulses from the radiofrequency energy source to the body region from at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode to provide a delivery condition configured to enhance delivery of the composition. The composition is delivered proximate to the body region using a composition delivery element. Devices for enhance composition delivery are also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and devices that provide enhanced delivery of a composition to a body region of a patient utilizing radiofrequency energy include directing a first electrode and a second electrode coupled to a radiofrequency energy source to a location proximate to the body region. Radiofrequency energy is provided in modulated pulses from the radiofrequency energy source to the body region from at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode to provide a delivery condition configured to enhance delivery of the composition. The composition is delivered proximate to the body region using a composition delivery element. Devices for enhance composition delivery are also disclosed.

Abstract: A radiofrequency guidewire includes a core wire configured to be coupled to a radiofrequency generator. The core wire includes a proximal end and a distal end with respect to the radiofrequency generator. A tip structure is coupled to the core wire proximate the distal end. The tip structure includes one or more edge surfaces. The one or more edge surfaces provide an area of reduced curvature radius on the tip structure. The area of reduced curvature radius generates a higher electric field than other areas of the tip structure during a delivery of radiofrequency energy on the tip structure. A method of ablating an occlusion utilizing the radiofrequency guidewire is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a longitudinal member having a proximal end and a distal end. The longitudinal member is configured to be located near a tissue region in a body of a patient. A measuring device is configured and sized to be located proximal to the distal end of the longitudinal member. The measuring device includes a magnetic sensor configured to measure biomagnetism and output magnetic flux data. A signal processing device is coupled to the magnetic sensor and configured to convert the output magnetic flux data to a digital representation of the output magnetic flux data. A method of measuring electrical activity using the apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A catheter comprises a shaft, an extended shaft portion, and an electrode disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the shaft. The shaft has a first lumen and a second lumen that is arranged adjacent to the first lumen. The extended shaft portion is provided on a distal end portion of the shaft, has the first lumen, and has a distal end portion located on a distal end side of a distal end portion of the second lumen, in the shaft.

Abstract: Devices and methods for recanalization of occluded body vessels using novel guidewires. A novel double-sided guidewire comprises a cross-section tapering from a more rigid middle section towards more flexible head sections. A first head of the guidewire is inserted into the occluded body vessel in a retrograde direction to traverse an occlusion. The guidewire is further advanced in the retrograde direction such that the first head and a portion of the middle section are retrieved from the body, thereby positioning the remainder of the guidewire traversing the occlusion in an antegrade direction and allowing for over the wire recanalization techniques in the antegrade direction.

Abstract: A device for delivering a composition to a hollow body region is disclosed. In one aspect, the device comprises a first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member. Both of the longitudinal members may comprise conductive electrodes. The longitudinal members are further configured to be connected to an energy source such that the conductive electrodes are configured to generate an energy field. At least one of the longitudinal members further comprises a delivery element configured to deliver at least one composition to the body region, such that the composition is delivered in a direction that is influenced by the generated energy field. In one aspect, the body region is a vessel comprising an occlusion.

Abstract: A peripheral vessel tissue modification system includes a first longitudinal member, a second longitudinal member, and a radiofrequency energy source. The first member is configured for advancement into a peripheral vessel of a patient, is coupled to the energy source, and extends along a length between a proximal end and a distal end. The first member includes an inner lumen extending along its length and a distal electrode located on an outer surface proximate to the distal end and electrically coupled to the energy source. The second member is configured for insertion into the vessel through the lumen, is coupled to the energy source, and extends along a length between a proximal end and a distal end including a tip electrode. The second member is moveable with respect to the first member to create a bipolar arrangement between the distal electrode and the tip electrode for delivery of radiofrequency energy.

Abstract: A method and systems for treating chronic total occlusions, particularly those that are difficult to treat, is disclosed. hi this approach, recanalizing the CTO is achieved using a combined antegrade and retrograde 5 approach. The proximal end of the occlusion is penetrated using an antegrade wire, using a traditional approach. Using collateral vessels, the distal end of the occlusion is crossed in a retrograde fashion. By appropriately maneuvering each member and applying radiofrequency energy between the proximal and distal ends of the occlusion, a continuous channel is created.

Abstract: A method and systems for treating chronic total occlusions, particularly those that are difficult to treat, is disclosed. In this approach, recanalizing the CTO is achieved using a combined antegrade and retrograde approach. The proximal end of the occlusion is penetrated using an antegrade wire, using a traditional approach. Using collateral vessels, the distal end of the occlusion is crossed in a retrograde fashion and by appropriately maneuvering each member, a continuous channel is created. Additional elements such as capture devices, dilators and injection catheters are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and systems for treating chronic total occlusions, particularly those that are difficult to treat, is disclosed. hi this approach, recanalizing the CTO is achieved using a combined antegrade and retrograde approach. The proximal end of the occlusion is penetrated using an antegrade wire, using a traditional approach. Using collateral vessels, the distal end of the occlusion is crossed in a retrograde fashion. By appropriately maneuvering each member and applying radiofrequency energy between the proximal and distal ends of the occlusion, a continuous channel is created.

Abstract: A tissue ablation device includes a first longitudinal member having a first end configured to be coupled to an energy generator and a second end comprising a first plurality of electrodes that are expandable about a central axis of the first longitudinal member. A second longitudinal member having a first end configured to be coupled to the energy generator and a second end comprising at least one electrode is nested within the first longitudinal member. A method of ablating a tissue using the tissue ablation device is also disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and devices that provide enhanced delivery of a composition to a body region of a patient utilizing radiofrequency energy include directing a first electrode and a second electrode coupled to a radiofrequency energy source to a location proximate to the body region. Radiofrequency energy is provided in modulated pulses from the radiofrequency energy source to the body region from at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode to provide a delivery condition configured to enhance delivery of the composition. The composition is delivered proximate to the body region using a composition delivery element. Devices for enhance composition delivery are also disclosed.

Abstract: A redirecting delivery catheter includes a first longitudinal member having an inner chamber configured to receive a second longitudinal member, an outer surface surrounding the inner chamber, a first region located at a proximal end, a second region located at a distal end, and a length. An opening in the outer surface extends along a portion of the length of the first longitudinal member between the first region and the second region. A deflecting mechanism is located proximate to the opening and is configured to be capable of transforming from a first position to a second position. The deflecting mechanism is configured to enable the second longitudinal member to access the second region in the second position and to deflect the second longitudinal member towards the opening in the first position. Methods of use of the redirecting delivery catheter are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises a first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member configured to be located near a tissue region. An energy source is coupled to first longitudinal member and second longitudinal member. A measuring device is configured to measure at least one characteristic of the tissue region. An energy controller is coupled to the energy source and the measuring device. The energy controller includes a processor coupled to a memory and configured to execute programmed instructions stored in the memory, comprising initiating a delivery of energy to the tissue region from the energy source. One or more items of data are received from the measuring device based on the delivery of energy to the tissue region. The delivery of energy to the tissue region is adjusted based on the one or more items of data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring an impedance of a tissue region inside a body of a patient. A first guidewire is advanced into a tissue region of a body of a patient, wherein the first guidewire comprises one or more electrodes electrically coupled to the tissue region. A second guidewire is advanced into the body, wherein the second guidewire comprises one or more electrodes electrically coupled to the tissue region of the body of the patient and spaced from the first guidewire. An error correction electrode is electrically coupled to the body. A voltage is applied across the first and the second guidewires. The impedance of the tissue region between the first and the second guidewires is measured while using an electrical pathway created by the error correction electrode.

Abstract: A device for delivering a composition to a hollow body region is disclosed. In one aspect, the device comprises a first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member. Both of the longitudinal members may comprise conductive electrodes. The longitudinal members are further configured to be connected to an energy source such that the conductive electrodes are configured to generate an energy field. At least one of the longitudinal members further comprises a delivery element configured to deliver at least one composition to the body region, such that the composition is delivered in a direction that is influenced by the generated energy field.

Abstract: A device for delivering a composition to a hollow body region is disclosed. In one aspect, the device comprises a first longitudinal member and a second longitudinal member. Both of the longitudinal members may comprise conductive electrodes. The longitudinal members are further configured to be connected to an energy source such that the conductive electrodes are configured to generate an energy field. At least one of the longitudinal members further comprises a delivery element configured to deliver at least one composition to the body region, such that the composition is delivered in a direction that is influenced by the generated energy field. In one aspect, the body region is a vessel comprising an occlusion.

Abstract: A radiofrequency guidewire includes a core wire configured to be coupled to a radiofrequency generator. The core wire includes a proximal end and a distal end with respect to the radiofrequency generator. A tip structure is coupled to the core wire proximate the distal end. The tip structure includes one or more edge surfaces. The one or more edge surfaces provide an area of reduced curvature radius on the tip structure. The area of reduced curvature radius generates a higher electric field than other areas of the tip structure during a delivery of radiofrequency energy on the tip structure. A method of ablating an occlusion utilizing the radiofrequency guidewire is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and systems for treating chronic total occlusions, particularly those that are difficult to treat, is disclosed. hi this approach, recanalizing the CTO is achieved using a combined antegrade and retrograde approach. The proximal end of the occlusion is penetrated using an antegrade wire, using a traditional approach. Using collateral vessels, the distal end of the occlusion is crossed in a retrograde fashion. By appropriately maneuvering each member and applying radiofrequency energy between the proximal and distal ends of the occlusion, a continuous channel is created.