Abstract: A method includes receiving a device design layout and a scribe line design layout surrounding the device design layout. The device design layout and the scribe line design layout are rotated in different directions. An optical proximity correction (OPC) process is performed on the rotated device design layout and the rotated scribe line design layout. A reticle includes the device design layout and the scribe line design layout is formed after performing the OPC process.

Abstract: A device is provided, which includes radio-frequency circuitry and an encoder. The encoder is configured to modulate input data to generate a long-range packet, and to transmit the long-range packet to a receiver through the radio-frequency circuitry. The long-range packet includes a long-range signal field (LR-SIG) and a long-range data field (LR-DATA). Each modulated bit in the long-range signal field and the long-range data field is spread into a plurality of spread modulated bits that are distributed into a plurality of symbols in a frequency domain.

Abstract: A data unit processing method performed by a first communication device, comprising: configuring a data unit by the first communication device, the data unit comprising: a specific format preamble following a first packet format; and a symbol part, comprising at least one symbol and following a Wi-Fi long range packet format. The specific format preamble can be decoded according to a first communication standard and the symbol can be decoded according to a Wi-Fi long range mode. The symbol part can be identified according to the specific format preamble. A method can decode the above-mentioned data unit and a communication device can perform the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A data unit processing method performed by a first communication device, comprising: configuring a data unit by the first communication device, the data unit comprising: a specific format preamble following a first packet format; and a symbol part, comprising at least one symbol and following a Wi-Fi long range packet format. The specific format preamble can be decoded according to a first communication standard and the symbol can be decoded according to a Wi-Fi long range mode. The symbol part can be identified according to the specific format preamble. A method can decode the above-mentioned data unit and a communication device can perform the methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for a wireless device is disclosed. The wireless device includes a plurality of antennas. The method includes the steps of transmitting a first packet to a first client and receiving a response from the first client. The wireless device then determines a first set of the plurality of antennas for the first client according to a statistic obtained from the response. Then, the wireless device transmits a packet to a first client using the first set of the plurality of antennas.

Abstract: A transmission method for a wireless device is disclosed. The wireless device has a plurality of antennas. The transmission method includes determining a first set of the plurality of antennas, determining a second set of the plurality of antennas, transmitting a packet to a first client using the first set of the plurality of antennas; and transmitting a packet to a second client using the second set of the plurality of antennas.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cell acquisition and downlink synchronization acquisition in an OFDMA wireless communication system are provided. In an SS apparatus in a broadband wireless communication system, a preamble subcarrier acquirer extracts subcarrier values having a preamble code from an FFT signal. A multiplier code-demodulates the subcarrier values by multiplying the subcarrier values by a preamble code. A correlator calculates a plurality of differential correlations in the code-demodulated signal. An IFFT processor IFFT-processes the differential correlations by mapping the differential correlations to subcarriers. A maximum value detector detects a maximum value from the IFFT signal and calculates a timing offset using an IFFT output index having the maximum value.

Abstract: A communication system comprises a predistorter for distorting an input signal according to at least one parameter to generate a distorted signal, an amplifier for amplifying the distorted signal according to an input-output characteristic to generate an output signal, and a frequency-domain adaptive calibration module for adaptively adjusting the parameter of the predistorter according to a frequency characteristic of the output signal. Because the calibration is performed in the frequency domain, there is no need to precisely estimate the group delay formed by the feedback path. The system complexity is therefore reduced without loss of performance.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cell acquisition and downlink synchronization acquisition in an OFDMA wireless communication system are provided. In an SS apparatus in a broadband wireless communication system, a preamble subcarrier acquirer extracts subcarrier values having a preamble code from an FFT signal. A multiplier code-demodulates the subcarrier values by multiplying the subcarrier values by a preamble code. A correlator calculates a plurality of differential correlations in the code-demodulated signal. An IFFT processor IFFT-processes the differential correlations by mapping the differential correlations to subcarriers. A maximum value detector detects a maximum value from the IFFT signal and calculates a timing offset using an IFFT output index having the maximum value.

Abstract: The invention provides an FFT-size detection method and system and a cell search method and system based on FFT-size detection, and more particularly to a cell search method based on FFT-size detection in cellular system. The cell search method utilizes two frames to correctly detect the actual cell ID. The cell search method uses the first frame to detect the actual FFT size of a received signal. When the FFT size is determined, the cell search method use the second frame to detect the cell ID of a base station outputting the received signal based on the FFT size.

Abstract: The method disclosed in the invention comprises setting a plurality of subcarrier position hypotheses for a received preamble according to a plurality of ideal subcarrier positions and the maximum amount of integer carrier frequency offset (ICFO), generating a plurality of preamble pattern hypotheses by retrieving the received preamble according to the subcarrier position hypotheses, calculating the correlation between the preamble pattern hypotheses and a plurality of specified preamble patterns, determining to which sector the received preamble belongs according to a correct preamble pattern, the specified preamble pattern having the highest correlation with the preamble pattern hypotheses, obtaining a correct subcarrier position according to the sector to which the received preamble belongs; and estimating the ICFO by calculating the offset between the correct subcarrier position and the subcarrier position hypothesis of the preamble pattern hypothesis having the highest correlation with the correct preamb

Abstract: A communication system comprises a predistorter for distorting an input signal according to at least one parameter to generate a distorted signal, an amplifier for amplifying the distorted signal according to an input-output characteristic to generate an output signal, and a frequency-domain adaptive calibration module for adaptively adjusting the parameter of the predistorter according to a frequency characteristic of the output signal. Because the calibration is performed in the frequency domain, there is no need to precisely estimate the group delay formed by the feedback path. The system complexity is therefore reduced without loss of performance.

Abstract: The present invention provides an antenna-array-based multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system and a pre-coding and feedback method used in the same. The present invention uses QR decompositions of the MIMO channel matrixes to parameterize the channel state information (CSI) of every OFDM frequency band. In addition, the present invention feeds back the information related to ? and ? in the Givens rotation matrixes of the partial frequency bands and then uses an interpolation method to generate ? and ? in the Givens rotation matrixes of all the frequency bands, which further is able to represent the CSI of all the frequency bands. In this way, the present invention has advantages of low complexity and low feedback rate requirement.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for cell acquisition and downlink synchronization acquisition in an OFDMA wireless communication system are provided. In an SS apparatus in a broadband wireless communication system, a preamble subcarrier acquirer extracts subcarrier values having a preamble code from an FFT signal. A multiplier code-demodulates the subcarrier values by multiplying the subcarrier values by a preamble code. A correlator calculates a plurality of differential correlations in the code-demodulated signal. An IFFT processor IFFT-processes the differential correlations by mapping the differential correlations to subcarriers. A maximum value detector detects a maximum value from the IFFT signal and calculates a timing offset using an IFFT output index having the maximum value.

Abstract: The method disclosed in the invention comprises setting a plurality of subcarrier position hypotheses for a received preamble according to a plurality of ideal subcarrier positions and the maximum amount of integer carrier frequency offset (ICFO), generating a plurality of preamble pattern hypotheses by retrieving the received preamble according to the subcarrier position hypotheses, calculating the correlation between the preamble pattern hypotheses and a plurality of specified preamble patterns, determining to which sector the received preamble belongs according to a correct preamble pattern, the specified preamble pattern having the highest correlation with the preamble pattern hypotheses, obtaining a correct subcarrier position according to the sector to which the received preamble belongs; and estimating the ICFO by calculating the offset between the correct subcarrier position and the subcarrier position hypothesis of the preamble pattern hypothesis having the highest correlation with the correct preamb

Abstract: The present invention provides an antenna-array-based multiple-input multiple-output orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) system and a pre-coding and feedback method used in the same. The present invention uses QR decompositions of the MIMO channel matrixes to parameterize the channel state information (CSI) of every OFDM frequency band. In addition, the present invention feeds back the information related to ? and ? in the Givens rotation matrixes of the partial frequency bands and then uses an interpolation method to generate ? and ? in the Givens rotation matrixes of all the frequency bands, which further is able to represent the CSI of all the frequency bands. In this way, the present invention has advantages of low complexity and low feedback rate requirement.

Abstract: A hybrid beamforming apparatus and method are proposed for a communication system. The hybrid beamforming apparatus includes a plurality of antennas, a plurality of FFT, a plurality of hybrid weight-coefficient generators and a plurality of adders. In each of the hybrid weight-coefficient generators, the weight coefficient for each subcarrier is calculated by a time-domain correlation matrix and a cross-correlation vector, which is calculated by a frequency domain signal and a training signal. The hybrid beamforming apparatus and method according to the present invention can enhance immunity for multipath effect with lower system complexity.

Abstract: An interlocking device for locking a case includes first and second interlocking members. The first interlocking member is formed with a notch. The second interlocking member is formed with a button that is operable to rotate the second interlocking member from a first position, in which the first and second interlocking members engage each other and in which the button is received in the notch, to a second position, in which the first and second interlocking members disengage from each other and in which the button moves out of the notch.