Abstract: A microlens array includes a bottom electrode chip, a sidewall electrode chip, and a top glass chip configured to cooperate to define an array of cavities, each one of the array of cavities containing a fluid. The fluid is a mixture of a polar liquid and a non-polar liquid, in contact with one of the array of sidewalls at a contact angle. The bottom electrode chip includes a plurality of electrical contacts. The sidewall electrode chip includes an array of sidewalls, each including an electrode layer and an insulator layer. When a voltage is applied across the fluid contained a cavity via electrical contacts and the electrode layer of the cavity, the contact angle of the fluid with the sidewall is modified, in embodiments without affecting the contact angle of fluid contained in other ones of the plurality of array of cavities.

Abstract: A tunable optical electrowetting element having a liquid-liquid interface shape controlled by an applied voltage. Circuitry for applying a voltage to the electrowetting element is configured to apply a shaped voltage signal comprising a first fast-rising signal combined with a second fast-rising signal. The second signal is selected to damp oscillations in the liquid-liquid interface caused by the first signal.

Abstract: A system for high resolution multiphoton excitation microscopy is described herein. In one embodiment, the system may include an electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) prism optically coupled to an excitation source, the EWOD prism adapted or configured to: receive a light beam from the excitation source, and project the received light beam onto a sample plane based on a tunable transmission angle of the EWOD prism, and a fluorescence imaging microscope adapted or configured to: receive a fluorescence signal from the sample plane based on the projected light beam, and relay the fluorescence signal from the sample plane to a set of detectors.

Abstract: A system for high resolution multiphoton excitation microscopy is described herein. In one embodiment, the system may include an electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) prism optically coupled to an excitation source, the EWOD prism adapted or configured to: receive a light beam from the excitation source, and project the received light beam onto a sample plane based on a tunable transmission angle of the EWOD prism, and a fluorescence imaging microscope adapted or configured to: receive a fluorescence signal from the sample plane based on the projected light beam, and relay the fluorescence signal from the sample plane to a set of detectors.

Abstract: A tunable optical electrowetting element having a liquid-liquid interface shape controlled by an applied voltage. Circuitry for applying a voltage to the electrowetting element is configured to apply a shaped voltage signal comprising a first fast-rising signal combined with a second fast-rising signal. The second signal is selected to damp oscillations in the liquid-liquid interface caused by the first signal.