Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. A terminal device determines a first physical resource, and receives a first PBCH and a first PBCH DMRS on the first physical resource. Correspondingly, a network device maps the first PBCH to the first physical resource, and sends the first PBCH, where the first physical resource is a physical resource occupied by the first PBCH and the first PBCH DMRS in a first SSB, and the first SSB occupies four symbols in time domain and occupies X subcarriers in frequency domain, where X is a positive integer greater than 127 and less than 240.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to resolve a problem of receiving and sending an SSB in a bandwidth-limited network such as a dedicated network. The method includes: generating a sequence corresponding to a first synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SSB), and determining a first SSB frequency location; and sending, based on the determined first SSB frequency location, the sequence corresponding to the first SSB. The first SSB frequency location is associated with bandwidth of a network in which the first SSB is located, or the first SSB frequency location is related to at least one of a lowest frequency of a network or a highest frequency of the network.

Abstract: This application relates to a configuration method and a communication apparatus. The configuration method includes: receiving first configuration information from a network device, where the first configuration information is used to configure a plurality of first channel bandwidths; and receiving second configuration information from the network device, where the second configuration information is used to configure a plurality of first bandwidth parts BWPs, the plurality of first BWPs include at least two second BWPs with a same SCS, and the SCS of the second BWP is the same as the SCS corresponding to the second channel bandwidth. According to the configuration method of this application, a terminal device may determine a plurality of associated BWPs (namely, BWPs with a same SCS) in a channel bandwidth configured by the network device, to reduce a switching delay of the terminal device switching between two associated BWPs.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a communication apparatus. The method includes: sending first configuration information to a plurality of terminal devices, where the first configuration information is used to configure the plurality of terminal devices to detect paging early indication information on a first bandwidth unit, and the paging early indication information indicates to detect or not to detect paging indication information; and sending a reference signal on the first bandwidth unit, where the reference signal is used by the plurality of terminal devices to perform time synchronization and/or frequency synchronization with a network device, to reduce power consumption of a terminal device.

Abstract: A communication method and apparatus. The method includes: sending configuration information of a first initial uplink bandwidth part (BWP) to a first terminal device of a first type, and sending configuration information of a second initial uplink BWP to a second terminal device of a second type; and sending first information to at least one of the first terminal device or the second terminal device, where a first frequency domain resource indicated by the first information is in a frequency domain range of the first initial uplink BWP and is used for sending a third message (Msg3); and a second frequency domain resource indicated by the first information is in a frequency domain range of the second initial uplink BWP and used for sending a Msg3.

Abstract: This application provides a paging method, a communication apparatus, and a system. In the method, a terminal device sends first information to a first network device, where the first information includes a signal coverage level of the terminal device and whether the terminal device has a capability of receiving a first signal. The terminal device receives second information from the first network device, where the second information indicates the terminal device to receive the first signal or a second signal, the first signal is used to page or wake up the terminal device. Based on a specific application scenario, the terminal device may receive a signal with lower power consumption during demodulation from a network device, to reduce power consumption of the terminal device.

Abstract: A signal generation method is disclosed, to enhance an anti-interference capability and a coverage area of a signal. The method includes: A first device obtains a first signal based on transmission information through channel encoding, where the transmission information includes information that the first device needs to send to a second device; the first device generates a second signal based on the first signal through repetition or frequency spread transformation; the first device generates a third signal based on the second signal through linear encoding; and the first device generates a target signal based on the third signal through signal modulation, where the target signal is sent to the second device. Associated devices are also described.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to improve convenience of measuring a reference signal on a bandwidth part (BWP), and improve measurement efficiency. A terminal device receives configuration information, where the configuration information indicates M reference signals configured on a first bandwidth part (BWP), the first BWP includes N starting resource block (RB) locations, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1; and the N starting RB locations of the first BWP are different. The terminal device measures at least one of the M reference signals on a BWP corresponding to the N starting RB locations of the first BWP, where in a same time unit, one of the N starting RB locations is used to measure the at least one of the M reference signals.

Abstract: This application discloses a data transmission method and an apparatus. The method includes: A network device generates downlink control information DCI. The DCI indicating a first modulation scheme or a second modulation scheme. The DCI includes a modulation and coding scheme MCS field. The DCI indicates the first modulation scheme when the MCS field is in a first state, or the DCI indicates the second modulation scheme and an MCS index of the second modulation scheme when the MCS field is in a second state. The network device sends the DCI. A terminal receives the downlink control information DCI, and receives or sends data based on the DCI. In embodiments of this application, the first modulation scheme, the second modulation scheme, and the MCS index of the second modulation scheme are indicated by using different states in the MCS field, to support a new modulation scheme without increasing DCI overheads.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, to improve communication performance of a terminal device. The method includes: determining to perform transmission in a frequency hopping transmission manner; and when transmission is performed in a repeated transmission manner, sending a third message (Msg3) or a message A (MsgA) in a random access procedure in an inter-slot frequency hopping and repeated transmission manner; and/or when transmission is performed in a non-repeated transmission manner, sending the Msg3 or the MsgA in an intra-slot frequency hopping and non-repeated transmission manner.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment, a communication method includes: receiving first configuration information from a network device, wherein the first configuration information is configured to be used to configure a first uplink bandwidth part (BWP) and a second uplink BWP, the first uplink BWP does not include an active first uplink control channel resource, the second uplink BWP includes a first uplink control channel resource, and the first uplink BWP and the second uplink BWP are on a same uplink carrier; and determining the first uplink BWP and the second uplink BWP based on the first configuration information.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to data transmission methods and apparatuses. One example method includes receiving first information from a network device on a first frequency domain resource, where the first information indicates to switch to a second frequency domain resource, determining a first time unit based on the first information, where the first time unit includes a second time unit, switching from the first frequency domain resource to the second frequency domain resource in the second time unit, and performing data transmission on at least one of the first frequency domain resource or the second frequency domain resource in a period of time other than the second time unit in the first time unit.

Abstract: A communication method includes receiving downlink control information (DCI), wherein the DCI is useable to indicate a second delay of uplink feedback information of a physical downlink shared channel scheduled by a physical downlink control channel, determining the second delay based on the-DCI, and sending, on a last uplink bandwidth reduced low complexity-coverage enhancement (BL/CE) subframe of Z uplink BL/CE subframes based on the second delay, the uplink feedback information corresponding to the physical downlink shared channel. The second delay includes the following subframes in sequence Y-Z-1 downlink (BL/CE) subframes, one subframe, and the Z uplink BL/CE subframes. Y is an integer greater than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 13, and Z is an integer equal to 1, 2, or 3.

Abstract: A communication method, applied to a radio frequency identification communication system, and the radio frequency identification communication system includes a reader/writer and a tag connected to the reader/writer. The method includes: the reader/writer receives first information sent by the tag, where the first information is the 1st piece of information that is sent by the tag and that is received by the reader/writer in an inventory process. The reader/writer may identify, in the inventory process, tags of different types based on a capability that is of the tag and that is actively reported by the tag.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and a related apparatus. The method includes: receiving a first signal on a first frequency domain resource and a first time unit, where the first signal is a primary synchronization signal or a secondary synchronization signal, the first signal includes at least two signals, a second signal in the at least two signals in the first signal is mapped to a second frequency domain resource, a third signal in the at least two signals is mapped to a third frequency domain resource, and the second frequency domain resource and the third frequency domain resource are located in the first frequency domain resource; and performing signal detection on the first time unit based on at least one of the at least two signals.

Abstract: This application provides a communication method and apparatus, so that a first network device can configure a terminal device to send a demodulation reference signal symbol in a first different-configuration slot. A quantity of consecutive resource elements occupied by each demodulation reference signal code division multiplexing group included in a demodulation reference signal symbol is greater than 2. Therefore, a quantity of demodulation reference signal ports supported by each demodulation reference signal code division multiplexing group is greater than 2, so that an uplink communication capacity of the terminal in the different-configuration slot can be increased when a quantity of demodulation reference signal code division multiplexing groups in each demodulation reference signal symbol remains unchanged, to meet an uplink transmission requirement of the terminal device.

Abstract: A multi-antenna operation mode indication method and an apparatus resolve a problem that increased power consumption and a resource waste are caused because a terminal device still operates in a multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) mode by default in a single-port transmission mode. The method includes: a network device sends indication information to a terminal device, to indicate that a multi-antenna operation mode of the terminal device is single-user multiple-input multiple-output (SU-MIMO) or MU-MIMO. The terminal device determines, based on the indication information from the network device, whether a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) port number corresponding to the terminal device and a DMRS port number not corresponding to the terminal device are allocated to another terminal device, to adjust the multi-antenna operation mode.

Abstract: An improved two-phase micro-channel heat sink has a plurality of flow micro-channels extending in parallel in a longitudinal direction for accommodating a flow of liquid coolant therein, and a plurality of cross-connected micro-channels extending in parallel in a transverse direction formed at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction for cross-connecting with the flow micro-channels. The cross-connected micro-channels enable a uniform pressure field to be maintained for two-phase flow boiling of liquid coolant in the heat sink. In a preferred embodiment, the heat sink contains flow micro-channels with width of 100 ?m, wall thickness of 100 ?m, and height of 600 ?m, and cross-connected micro-channels of similar width and height cut at 1 mm intervals along the flow direction.

Abstract: A method and system for providing a heat sink are described. The heat sink includes at least one inlet, at least one outlet, a plurality of flow micro-channels, and at least one cross-connect channel. The plurality of flow micro-channels are defined by a plurality of channels walls, connect the inlet(s) with the outlet(s) and accommodate a flow of coolant between the at least one inlet and the at least one outlet. The at least one cross-connect channel is configured to connect at least a portion of the plurality of flow micro-channels. The cross-connect channel(s) also at least partially equilibrate a pressure field for boiling of the coolant across the portion of the plurality of flow micro-channels.

Abstract: An improved two-phase micro-channel heat sink has a plurality of flow micro-channels extending in parallel in a longitudinal direction for accommodating a flow of liquid coolant therein, and a plurality of cross-connected micro-channels extending in parallel in a transverse direction formed at regular intervals along the longitudinal direction for cross-connecting with the flow micro-channels. The cross-connected micro-channels enable a uniform pressure field to be maintained for two-phase flow boiling of liquid coolant in the heat sink. In a preferred embodiment, the heat sink contains flow micro-channels with width of 100 ?m, wall thickness of 100 ?m, and height of 600 ?m, and cross-connected micro-channels of similar width and height cut at 1 mm intervals along the flow direction.