Abstract: A microprocessor having the capability of executing a micro-instruction for series calculation is provided. The microprocessor includes an instruction decoder and an execution circuit for series calculation. The micro-instruction whose source operands correspond to an undetermined number x and a plurality of coefficients a0 to an (for x0 to xn) is decoded by the instruction decoder. Based on x and a0 to an, the execution circuit for series calculation includes at least one multiplier for calculating exponentiation values of x (e.g. xp), and includes at least one MAU (multiply-and-accumulate unit) for combining x, the exponentiation values of x, and the coefficients a0 to an for the series calculation.

Abstract: A data accessing method of a switch for transmitting data packets between a first source node and a first target node and between a second source node and a second target node includes: transmitting a data packet to the switch via at least one of the first communication link and the third communication link and configuring the control unit to store information contained in the data packet into the storage unit; and retrieving the information contained in the data packet from the storage unit via at least one of the second communication link and the fourth communication link. The first source node, the second source node, the first target node and the second target node share the same storage blocks.

Abstract: A switch for transmitting data packets between at least one source node and at least one target node is provided. The switch includes a storage unit, a control unit, at least one receiving port and at least one transmitting port. The storage unit includes a plurality of storage blocks and configured to cache the data packets. The control unit is configured to manage the storage blocks. The switch receives and caches the data packets transmitted from the at least one source node via the receiving port and transmits the cached data packets to the at least one target node via the transmitting port. A data accessing method adapted for the switch is also provided.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffic, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffice, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: A switch for transmitting data packets between at least one source node and at least one target node is provided. The switch includes a storage unit, a control unit, at least one receiving port and at least one transmitting port. The storage unit includes a plurality of storage blocks and configured to cache the data packets. The control unit is configured to manage the storage blocks. The switch receives and caches the data packets transmitted from the at least one source node via the receiving port and transmits the cached data packets to the at least one target node via the transmitting port. A data accessing method adapted for the switch is also provided.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffic, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for a method, system, and apparatus for taking three-dimensional images of produce. The three-dimensional image may be used to estimate the volume and other dimensions of the imaged produce.

Abstract: A system for establishing an encrypted multicast communication session over a communications network can include a client means (e.g., a radio, laptop, workstation, phone, PDA) and a server means. The client means can transmit a request for a first user to join a pre-defined collaborative group, including at least the first user and a second user. The client means can transmit a request for a first user to create or select a collaborative group based on specified criteria. The system can also include a server means that can retrieve, select or generate an encryption key for the collaborative group and transmit the encryption key to the first user via the client means. The server can transmit the encryption key to the second user via a second client means. The client means can communicate via multicast, encrypting end-to-end above the network layer using the encryption key received from the server means.

Abstract: Systems and methods for communicating voice and video over a wireless network. A signal, formatted as Internet protocol (VoIP, IPTV, etc.) data, is received from a device. The signal is adapted for a wireless network and then transmitted to the wireless network. Signals are also received from the wireless network and adapted to a IP formatted signal and transmitted to the device. The signals transmitted between the device and the wireless network include voice traffic as well as multimedia and other high bandwidth signals.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffice, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffic, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a location of a device with a wireless network. Characteristics of signals received from the device at a plurality of nodes are measured. Based upon the measurements, estimates of the range from the device to the nodes are made. Then, based upon the estimated ranges, and knowing the location of the nodes, a location of the device is determined.

Abstract: A distributed multi-channel TDMA MAC time slot and channel allocation algorithm for wireless networks is provided. The time slot and channel allocation includes a distributed allocation phase and an allocation adjustment phase. Each phase begins allocation at a first node and continues node-by-node until the last node in the network. The allocation then reflects back from the last node to the first node. At each node in the path, the node can initiate resource allocation between itself and its neighbor nodes. Nodes that are within range of the wireless network but are not on the path do not initiate resource allocation but instead participate in the resource allocation initiated from other nodes.

Abstract: A wireless communication system is provided that has at least three nodes arranged in a multi-hop ultra wide band (UWB) communication network such that communications from a first node destined for a third node pass through a second node. Each of the devices in the system includes a radio and a media access control (“MAC”) module that is configured to establish multi-hop UWB wireless communications between the three or more wireless communication devices that enables high bandwidth applications such as Voice Over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”); multiplayer gaming; Wireless High Definition Television; and Internet Protocol Television (“IPTV”) among others. The MAC module is configured to avoid bandwidth reservation conflicts so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or the number of nodes in the wireless communication system increases.

Abstract: A scalable medium access control (“MAC”) module is provided that avoids conflict resource reservation so that network performance does not degrade as the number of hops or nodes in a wireless network increases. The MAC also provides different access schemes for traffic with different quality of service (“QoS”) requirements such that QoS is guaranteed and network resources are efficiently utilized. Furthermore, the resource allocation scheme determines the routing path as resources is allocated for data traffice, thereby achieving more robust layer-2 routing at the MAC layer. Finally, the scalable MAC is compliant with both WiMedia MAC and IEEE 802.15.3 MAC.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided that facilitate distributed multichannel wireless communication and provide the highest level quality of service (“QoS”) guarantee and support extremely high bandwidth applications such as voice over internet protocol (“VOIP”) streaming audio and video content (including high definition), and multicast applications and also supports convergent networks, ad hoc networks, and the like. A modular MAC architecture provides a group of nodes with the ability to simultaneously communicate with each other using multiple separate communication channels during the same timeslots. The additional throughput gained by employing multiple communication channels is amplified by dynamically mapping the communication channels and timeslots in a network so that multiple channels can be reused simultaneously throughout the network during the same timeslot in a fashion that does not create collisions.

Abstract: Systems and methods for transparent wireless bridging of communication channels are provided. A plurality of wireless bridge devices are each deployed on a wired communication channel segment and listen for traffic to build a table of MAC addresses for the network devices on each respective segment. The bridges also collectively form a wireless mesh network and publish the MAC addresses on the wireless mesh network so each bridge receives MAC address information for every segment. Accordingly, a sending device on a first segment sends a communication to a target device on a second segment. The respective first bridge passes the communication along through the wireless mesh network to the respective second bridge and the first bridge also sends an acknowledgement to the sending device on behalf of the target device.

Abstract: A system for establishing an encrypted multicast communication session over a communications network can include a client means (e.g., a radio, laptop, workstation, phone, PDA) and a server means. The client means can transmit a request for a first user to join a pre-defined collaborative group, including at least the first user and a second user. The client means can transmit a request for a first user to create or select a collaborative group based on specified criteria. The system can also include a server means that can retrieve, select or generate an encryption key for the collaborative group and transmit the encryption key to the first user via the client means. The server can transmit the encryption key to the second user via a second client means. The client means can communicate via multicast, encrypting end-to-end above the network layer using the encryption key received from the server means.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a boundary scan test of a wired or wireless network having a plurality of network nodes are presented. The system includes a test station communicatively coupled with the network. The test station creates a MAC layer scan test route sequence that includes each link in the network and is independent of the routing mechanism and protocol used for the network. The test station also creates a test agent that is configured to traverse each link in the scan test route sequence. The test agent is then deployed on the network and information about a link is reported back to the test station after the test agent examines the link. The scan test route sequence can be created by sending out a series of broadcast messages from one or more nodes in the network, sequentially applying a network tour to cover the entire network, or performing a depth first search on the entire network.