Abstract: The present invention relates to coating formulations comprising surface-modified silicon dioxides. The coating formulations are useful in applications such as architectural paints for buildings, windows and doors.

Abstract: Electric fault current limiter has superconducting elements inside a cryogenic vessel and bushings for connecting an external circuit. The electric fault current limiter (1) includes a cryogenic vessel (2) and superconducting assemblies (5) including high temperature type superconducting elements (HTSC) immersed in a liquid coolant (6) such as liquefied nitrogen. Bushings (25, 28) with conductors (17, 18) are associated with a main body (3) of the vessel (2) such that the conductors (17, 18) extend horizontally from a surrounding space into an ullage space (8) situated between a level (7) of the liquid coolant (6) inside the vessel (2) and a cover (4). The arrangement of the bushings (25, 28) according to the invention allows for removing the cover (4) without dismantling electrical connections between the current limiter (1) and a circuit to be protected as is necessary with prior art limiters.

Abstract: A coating formulation containing at least one surface-modified silicon dioxide having a 60° reflectometer value of <3 and a black number My of at least 140 has excellent performance properties, for example, a very good transparency.

Abstract: Electric fault current limiter has superconducting elements inside a cryogenic vessel and bushings for connecting an external circuit. The electric fault current limiter (1) includes a cryogenic vessel (2) and superconducting assemblies (5) including high temperature type superconducting elements (HTSC) immersed in a liquid coolant (6) such as liquefied nitrogen. Bushings (25, 28) with conductors (17, 18) are associated with a main body (3) of the vessel (2) such that the conductors (17, 18) extend horizontally from a surrounding space into an ullage space (8) situated between a level (7) of the liquid coolant (6) inside the vessel (2) and a cover (4). The arrangement of the bushings (25, 28) according to the invention allows for removing the cover (4) without dismantling electrical connections between the current limiter (1) and a circuit to be protected as is necessary with prior art limiters.

Abstract: A coating formulation containing at least one surface-modified silicon dioxide having a 60° reflectometer value of<3 and a black number My of at least 140 has excellent performance properties, for example, a very good transparency.

Abstract: The described current distributor has a bus bar, a plug socket connected to the bus bar, at least one contact element which comprises an access connection, a consumer tapping and an element connecting the access connection and the consumer tapping, at least one plug connection for the plug contacts of a protective switch, which has a plug socket of the bus bar and an access socket of a contact element, and two signaling lines. In order to produce such a current distributor inexpensively and to ensure reliability of operation, it is provided in accordance with the invention that the contact element comprises a one-piece member.

Abstract: The described current distributor (1) has a bus bar (2), a plug socket (3) connected to the bus bar (2), at least one contact element (4) which comprises an access connection, a consumer tapping and an element connecting the access connection and the consumer tapping, at least one plug connection for the plug contacts of a protective switch (8), which has a plug socket (3) of the bus bar (2) and an access socket of a contact element (4), and two signalling lines (9, 10).

Abstract: A heat sink for electronic components is presented, which is integral and comprises a strip of sheet brass. This strip is bent in a meandering shape, contact surfaces being seated on a heat distributor of a component, in the region of lower meandering curves. The heat sink is held firmly on the component by means of an internally produced prestress in conjunction with a snap-action connection. Although the heat sink has longitudinal elasticity even in the fitted state, its heat-dissipating function can always be maintained.

Abstract: An arrangement of probes is described, which comprises a carrier formed as an intermediate flange, in which a plurality of radially extending mounting openings are provided. The inner surfaces of the carrier are provided with an electrically insulating corrosion resistant layer, which is preferably an enamel layer. The carrier is having a polygonal outline and plane mounting surfaces surrounding the mounting openings. Measuring probes provided with a mounting flange can be exchangeably and sealingly attached to the mounting surfaces. By arranging different probes a large number of different measurement functions and supervision functions can be achieved. As an example, carrier sleeves comprising a window can be built in, so that a visual observation or a turbidity measurement can be performed.

Abstract: For operating a heat pump installation with water as the refrigerant, a vacuum pump is employed as the compressor. If a liquid ring pump is used, its dissipation heat is fed into the heating loop. To this end, the heat output side of the heat exchanger associated with the loop of the sealing liquid is connected to the primary or secondary heat carrier loop of the heat consumer associated with the refrigerant loop.

Abstract: Surface passivated semiconductor device including a semiconductor wafer in which a surface portion which intersects a pn-junction is covered with an organic passivation layer. The passivation layer consists of a partially fluorinated hydrocarbon polymer and is formed as a continuously molten coating which is produced by coating the surface portion with a powder which contains predominantly particles of a grain size less than 30.mu.. A method is provided for producing the device.

Abstract: A battery with at least one cell containing an electrolyte liquid, in which the cell is adapted to be connected with the atmosphere by way of a fill-in venting connection determining its liquid level and by way of a separate fill-in connection for the filling in of electrolyte liquid and for the refilling of distilled water as well as by way of a control opening for the insertion of a testing device for checking the operating condition, and in which the free flow cross section of the fill-in connection is dimensioned so narrowly that a liquid seal closing off the fill-in connection gas-tight will form under the influence of the capillary action and of the excess pressure which will be established during the fill-in operation into the cell, when the liquid enters the opening of the fill-in venting connection which terminates in the cell; a control opening which can be restoringly enlarged in its cross section is disposed in an elastic wall and is separate from the fill-in connection and essentially closed as s

Abstract: In a circuit arrangement for measuring currents at high potential, a capacitor, charged in accordance with the current to be measured, is shunted by a light emitting diode which generates a light pulse sequence with a frequency proportional to the current. In series with the diode is a switching element with a control terminal, to which the output of a control device is connected. The input of the control device is connected to a threshold arrangement disposed parallel to the capacitor and the supply terminals of the control device are connected to the capacitor.

Abstract: A switching apparatus adapted to be used with medium-voltage cable networks comprising switching units each of which is of the single-pole type and each of which includes an encapsulation adapted to be embedded directly in the soil and means for actuating the unit in response to a remote control.The switching apparatus is particularly suited for medium-voltage cable networks in cities where the erection of above-ground distribution facilities is undesirable and expensive. The switching units may, preferably, be designed as vacuum circuit breakers.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for use with pressure contacts wherein the mechanism is provided with a drive means for opening and closing the contacts and wherein the drive means undergoes a driving stroke in bringing the contacts to a closed position. The mechanism is further provided with a closing spring means for actuating the drive means to initiate closing of the contacts and a second spring means responsive to the aforesaid actuation of the drive means and which is cocked there during for actuating the first means to initiate opening of the contacts. In accord with the invention, a pressure spring means for applying pressure to the contacts is also provided; the latter pressure spring means being responsive to the drive means and cocked thereby during a substantial portion of the closing driving stroke.

Abstract: A battery with at least one filler connection for electrolyte liquid, in which the battery interior space is adapted to be connected with the atmosphere by way of at least one venting connection and the opening of the venting connection which terminates in the battery interior space is located geodetically approximately at the height of the intended liquid level; a fill-in chamber is interconnected between the opening of the filler connection which terminates in the atmosphere, and the battery interior space while the fill-in chamber is connected with the battery interior space by means of a chamber connection whose opening terminating in the battery interior space is located geodetically above the intended liquid level; the free cross section of the chamber connection is dimensioned so small that a liquid seal closing off the chamber connection in a gas-tight manner will form under the influence of the excess pressure which will establish itself in the battery interior space above the liquid level during the

Abstract: A combined current and voltage measuring apparatus for measuring voltage and current on a rod-shaped primary conductor for conducting current at an upper potential includes a cast resin body wherein there is embedded the sensor of a current measuring unit. The case resin body is arranged in surrounding relation to the primary conductor and, in addition to carrying the sensor, it is also utilized as dielectric for the upper potential capacitor of a voltage divider which supplies the amplifier of a capacitive voltage measuring unit. Embedded in the cast resin body is a cylindrical electrode which forms with the rod-shaped primary conductor extending through the electrode the capacitor on the high-voltage side of the capacitive voltage divider. The sensor of the current measuring unit contains a winding without a ferrous core which surrounds the outside of the cylindrical electrode.

Abstract: A warning system for indicating a critical charge condition of starter batteries in vehicles, especially in motor vehicles which operate according to the hydrometer principle; a specially constructed float is movably arranged on the inside of an areometer housing connected with the inside of the battery housing by way of apertures in such a manner that a warning signal is adapted to be triggered when the float sinks to a predetermined height corresponding to a predetermined acid concentration.

Abstract: An inductive voltage transformer disposable between a high-voltage potential and a low-voltage potential has a first flux-conductive part surrounded by a high-voltage winding having a surface facing away from the flux-conductive part. A low-voltage winding is arranged at this surface of the high-voltage winding. A second flux-conductive part made of magnetically-conductive material is disposed in spaced relation to the first flux-conductive art so as to be adjacent thereto. Flux-conductive intermediate members connect the parts together to conjointly define therewith a cup-like core structure enclosing the high-voltage and low-voltage windings therein. The cup-like core is connectable to the high-voltage potential and the intermediate members are made of a material that is magnetically-conductive while at the same time being electrically insulative.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an actuator mechanism operating with the energy of a spring which snap actuates an electrical switching apparatus such as a vacuum switching apparatus. The actuator mechanism includes parts which are arranged movably independently of each other, namely, for the cocking motion of the spring and for the switching motion transmitted to the switching contacts of the switching apparatus. These parts cooperate in such a manner that the force of the spring, after being cocked, acts on the part associated with the switching motion automatically. The actuator mechanism is suited, for instance, as a manually operable, fast-acting drive for vacuum power circuit breakers.