Abstract: A dental composite containing a nanoparticulate filler has a resin matrix with structural element (Ib) R is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkylene, arylene, or alkylene arylene with 1-10 C, optionally modified by oxygen, sulfur, carboxyl or amino, R1 is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkylene, arylene, or alkylene arylene with 1-10 C, optionally modified by oxygen, sulfur, carboxyl or amino; R? is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkyl aryl, or aryl alkyl with 1-20 C; B and B? are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched organically polymerizable group with (meth)acrylate residue; R3 are identical or different and a bond to another Si or hydrogen, alkyl with 1-10 C, or a bond to another metal atom; a is 1 or 2 and b is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to inorganic hollow fibers, to a spinning mass and to a method for producing the same as well as to the use thereof for material transports, for the exchange of gases and in separation procedures. The hollow fibers according to the invention are obtainable by processing a spinning mass to a hollow fiber according to general methods, by curing said fiber thermally, via radiation induction or via chemical induction, and by removing the organic components via pyrolysis. The spinning mass is obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of hydrolyzable compounds of silicon, aluminum, titanium and zirconium and optionally of co-condensable compounds of the elements Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sn or Pb. The hydrolytic polycondensation is performed by adding water or moisture.

Abstract: The invention relates to agglomerate particles which are constructed from agglomerated nanoscale primary particles and also to a method for incorporation of these particles in a polymer matrix and to the use of these agglomerate particles.

Abstract: A dental composite containing a nanoparticulate filler has a resin matrix with structural element (Ib) R is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkylene, arylene, or alkylene arylene with 1-10 C, optionally modified by oxygen, sulfur, carboxyl or amino, R1 is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkylene, arylene, or alkylene arylene with 1-10 C, optionally modified by oxygen, sulfur, carboxyl or amino; R? is an open-chain and/or cyclic alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkyl aryl, or aryl alkyl with 1-20 C; B and B? are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched organically polymerizable group with (meth)acrylate residue; R3 are identical or different and a bond to another Si or hydrogen, alkyl with 1-10 C, or a bond to another metal atom; a is 1 or 2 and b is 0 or 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to inorganic hollow fibers, to a spinning mass and to a method for producing the same as well as to the use thereof for material transports, for the exchange of gases and in separation procedures. The hollow fibers according to the invention are obtainable by processing a spinning mass to a hollow fiber according to general methods, by curing said fiber thermally, via radiation induction or via chemical induction, and by removing the organic components via pyrolysis. The spinning mass is obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of hydrolyzable compounds of silicon, aluminum, titanium and zirconium and optionally of co-condensable compounds of the elements Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sn or Pb. The hydrolytic polycondensation is performed by adding water or moisture.

Abstract: The invention relates to semipermeable membranes comprising organically modified silicic-acid polycondensates, to a process for preparing them and to their use in gas exchange and in separation techniques, especially in gas separation, dialysis, pervaporation, and other filtration. The membranes of the invention can be flat or tubular and can be manufactured by conventional methods from viscous liquids obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of organically modified, hydrolyzable silicon compounds containing C═C double bonds. The membranes are cured by addition polymerization and/or polyaddition of the C═C double bonds.

Abstract: The invention relates to spherical metal oxide particles with a particle diameter of between 5 nm and 10000 nm. Said particles contain at least one oxidic compound of elements that are selected from the first to fifth main groups, the transition metals and/or the lanthanoids and have particulate prominences on their surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to inorganic hollow fibers, to a spinning mass and to a method for producing the same as well as to the use thereof for material transports, for the exchange of gases and in separation procedures. The hollow fibers according to the invention are obtainable by processing a spinning mass to a hollow fiber according to general methods, by curing said fiber thermally, via radiation induction or via chemical induction, and by removing the organic components via pyrolysis. The spinning mass is obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of hydrolyzable compounds of silicon, aluminum, titanium and zirconium and optionally of co-condensable compounds of the elements Li, Na, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sn or Pb. The hydrolytic polycondensation is performed by adding water or moisture.

Abstract: The invention relates to an oxygenator membrane based on organically modified silicic-acid polycondensates into a process for preparation thereof. The oxygenator membrane is obtainable by processing a viscous to resinous liquid by conventional methods to form a membrane, drying this membrane, if desired, and subjecting it to curing induced thermally and/or radiatively and/or chemically. The viscous to resinous liquid is obtained by hydrolytic polycondensation of one or more compounds of the general formula I and/or II and/or III and/or IV and/or of precondensates derived from these compound by hydrolytic condensation and, if desired, of one or more compounds of the general formula V, and, if desired, by addition of one or more monomers and/or oligomers which are capable of undergoing addition copolymerization and/or (poly)addition reaction and/or of one or more curing catalysts.

Abstract: The invention relates to varnished metal wires with one or more electrically insulating varnish coatings, at least one of the electrically insulating varnish coatings representing an organically modified silicic acid (hetero) polycondensate, which has been obtained by partial or total hydrolytic condensation of one or more hydrolytically condensable compounds of silicon and if necessary other elements from the group B, A1, P, Sn, Pb, the transition metals, the lanthanides and actinides, and/or from precondensates derived from the abovenamed compounds, if necessary in the presence of a catalyst and/or of a solvent by the action of water and moisture.

Abstract: Hydrolysable and polymerizable or polyadditive silanes and methods of their production and the production of (hetero)silicic acid polycondensates or of polymers.

Abstract: The invention includes hydrolyzable and polymerizable silanes, methods of making them and using them to obtain silicic acid(hetero)polycondensates and silicic acid(hetero)polymerizates. The hydrolyzable and polymerizable silanes have the formula I, ##STR1## wherein A=O, S, NH or C(O)O; wherein B=a straight chain or branched organic residue with at least one C.dbd.C double bond and from 4 to 50 carbon atoms;R is an alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group;R' is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, arylene group, arylenealkylene group or alkylenearylene group each having zero to ten carbon atoms, with the proviso that the substituted groups each have at least one oxygen atom, sulfur atom and/or amine group substituent;R.sup.

Abstract: The invention relates to spherical particles having a size between 5 and 10,000 nm and containing either SnO.sub.2 or SnO.sub.2 and at least one further oxide of the elements from the 1.sup.st to fifth main groups and/or the transitional metals, the oxides also being capable of containing organic groups. A particle surface is modified with organic groups and a SnO.sub.2 content of the particles lies between 0.1 and 99% by weight.

Abstract: Covalently and nucleophilically self-curing systems are described which are based on polymerizable and hydrolytically condensable or condensed silicon compounds, which comprise two components, 1 and 2, and which may also comprise one or more conventional additives or fillers, additional copolymerizable monomers or oligomers, additional hydrolytically condensable or condensed compounds of silicon or both, and other elements from the group consisting of Al, Ti, Zr, B, P, Sn, Pb, the transition metals, the lanthanides and the actinides. One component comprises one or more silicon compounds of the formula I, optionally in (pre)condensed form{X.sub.a R.sub.b Si?(R'A).sub.c !.sub.(4-a-b) }.sub.x B (I)and the second component comprises one or more compounds containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted amino group or both. In particular, covalently and nucleophilically self-curing systems are described which are based on acrylates or methacrylates or both.

Abstract: A dental material is described which is characterized by a content of silicic acid condensates of norbornene or mercapto silanes, and which, after thiol-ene polymerisation with suitable reactants, shows only slight polymerisation shrinkage and produces polymerisates with high mechanical strength.

Abstract: The invention relates to a self-curing, photochemically or thermally curable resinous dental composition based on polymerisable polysiloxanes, to a process for its preparation and to its use for the preparation of pasty, self-curing, photochemically or thermally curable dental materials. Said composition is obtainable by hydrolytic condensation of one or more hydrolytically condensable silicon compounds, 1 to 100 mol %, based on monomeric compounds, of silanes of the general formula: Y.sub.n- SiX.sub.m R.sub.4-(n+m) and/or {X.sub.n R.sub.k Si?R.sup.2 (A).sub.l !.sub.4-(n+k) }.sub.x B being selected. The radicals A, X, Y, R.sup.2, R' and R are identical or different and have the following meaning: A=O, S, PR', POR', NHC(O)O or NHC(O)ONR', B=a straight-chain or branched organic radical which is derived from a compound B' having at least one (for l=1 and A=NHC(O)O or NHC(O)NR') or at least two C.dbd.C double bonds and 5 to 50 carbon atoms, R=alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, R'=H, alkyl or aryl, R.

Abstract: The invention relates to hydrolyzable and polyadditive silanes, a method of heir production and of their use in the production of (hetero) silicic acid polycondensates and of polyadducts. The silanes in accordance with the invention have the general formula?(HS--R.sup.5).sub.n R.sup.6 --S--E--R.sup.5 !.sub.a SiX.sub.x R.sup.3.sub.4-a-x (I)in which the groups and indices are equal or different and have the following meaning:E=--CO--NH--, CS--NH--, --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 -- or --CH.sub.2 --CH(OH)--;R.sup.3 =alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl each with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, whereby these groups may be interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, by ester, carbonyl, amide or amino groups;R.sup.5 =Alkene, arylene, arylenealkene or arylenealkene each with 1 to 15 carbon atoms, whereby these groups may be interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms, by ester, carbonyl, amide or amino groups;R.sup.

Abstract: The invention includes hydrolyzable and polymerizable silanes, methods of making them and using them to obtain silicic acid(hetero)polycondensates and silicic acid(hetero)polymerizates. The hydrolyzable and polymerizable silanes have the formula I, ##STR1## wherein A=O, S, NH or C(O)O;whereinB=a straight chain or branched organic residue with at least one C.dbd.C double bond and from 4 to 50 carbon atoms;R is an alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group, alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group;R' is a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group, arylene group, arylenealkylene group or alkylenearylene group each having zero to ten carbon atoms, with the proviso that the substituted groups each have at least one oxygen atom, sulfur atom and/or amine group substituent;R.sup.