Abstract: Disclosed are one or more proximity sensors. At least one of the proximity sensors includes a first dielectric layer, an electrically conductive layer, and an electrode. The first dielectric layer includes an inner surface and an outer surface. The electrically conductive layer is positioned proximate to one of the inner surface or the outer surface of the first dielectric layer. The electrode includes an outer surface. The outer surface of the electrode is positioned proximate the inner surface of the first dielectric layer. The outer surface of the electrode and the electrically conductive layer define a gap.

Abstract: An electroactive polymer transducer including a dielectric elastomer material having a first configuration with a first spring constant and a second configuration with a second spring constant and where the second spring constant is lower than the first spring constant.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a metallized polymer-electrode composite comprising transferring a conductive metal foil from a metal transfer film to a surface of a polymer film The inventive method may be used to produce a polymer film with optionally textured, conductive metal electrodes on one or both sides. The method of Hie invention may find utility in producing electroactive polymer transducers and other thin film devices requiring flexibility or stretchability such as thin film batteries, sensors, speakers, reflective plastic displays, solar cells, and supercapacitors.