Abstract: This invention relates to an apparatus and method for fastening apparel with a fastener having an integrated and adjustable tensioner that facilitates a precise fitment of the apparel when worn.

Abstract: An electromagnetic latching assembly is disclosed that provides a mechanically advantageous holding force for securing two objects relative to one another. Generally, the assembly contains at least one and preferably two levers that are mounted to a frame so that they may pivot between open and closed positions. The frame is mounted to a first object and the lever(s) applies a holding force to a second object when the lever(s) is in the closed position. A permanent magnet is used to apply a magnetic restraining force to maintain the lever(s) in the closed position. The magnetic restraining force utilizes the leverage of the lever(s) to effectively apply an amplified holding force to the second object when the assembly is in the closed position. An electromagnet, which may be remotely actuated, is utilized selectively counteract the magnetic restraining force and allow the latch assembly to open and release the second object.

Abstract: A constant force actuator transforms applied heat to an applied force on an output device. Strips of shape memory alloy are coiled into spirals and trained to have this configuration as a static state. The shape memory alloy springs are attached to the output device to apply a directional force. When one of the springs is heated, the modulus of elasticity within the spring material changes. This change in modulus increases the force which the spring exerts in returning to its static state, which in turn increases the force applied to the output device, upsetting the balance of forces and resulting in a rotation.